TaiwanIt is an emerging immigration destination in modern times. Beginning with the great geographical discovery in the 17th century, frequent exchanges with the world began. Regimes such as the Netherlands, Spain, the Zheng family, the Manchus, Japan, and the Republic of China, on this island, have inherited the past, or competed with each other. Due to the integration of different ethnic groups, Taiwan has become a place that gathers and presents diverse cultures. It also retains many historical relics that represent various eras.
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The history of Taiwan can be traced back to three articles written by two Spanish priests and a Portuguese Jesuit about 75 days in Taiwan after a shipwreck that was stranded in Formosa in July 1582. Transcript. As for the local letter history of Taiwan, it began approximately when the Netherlands entered Taiwan in 1624. However, human activities had already existed in Taiwan before it was recorded in the literature. The Changbin Culture in Taitung 30,000 years ago is the oldest culture in Taiwan known to archaeology. In the more recent Neolithic Age, there are more archaeological remains, which belong to the Austronesian family. At the same time, Taiwan is also one of the possible linguistic and genetic origins of the Austronesian peoples, and it is also the northernmost point of the distribution area.
The geographical position of Taiwan lies between Eurasia, Japan and Southeast Asia. It is a berthing and cargo transfer station for ships of various countries. In the 17th century, there was a super-tribal Dadu Kingdom in central Taiwan. The Netherlands and Spain carried out colonial rule in the southwest and northwest of Taiwan respectively. After that, the Dutch drove the Spanish away and ruled most of the western part of Taiwan. In April 1661, Zheng Chenggong led 25,000 soldiers and hundreds of warships into Taiwan in the name of "Da Ming recruits generals", forcing the Netherlands to sign a surrender on February 1, 1662, and Southern Taiwan entered the Zheng Dynasty. period. During this period, Han people began to immigrate to Taiwan in large numbers. In 1683, Zheng Keyuan returned to the Qing Dynasty, and Taiwan entered the Qing Dynasty.
In 1894, due to the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War. In 1895, the Qing Empire and Japan signed the Shimonoseki Treaty at Shimonoseki, Japan, and Taiwan was ceded to Japan. After that, the Japanese took "colonial rule and resource development" as the guide for the development of Taiwan, and at the same time carried out a number of constructions such as health, education, rule of law, industry and commerce, and infrastructure.
1945Second World WarOver, Japan was defeated. Accepting the Potsdam Declaration of the Allied Powers in the "Submission Instrument" signed by Japan is equivalent to indirectly accepting the "Cairo Declaration", and the "Cairo Declaration" requires Taiwan, Penghu, and Manchuria to be returned to the Republic of China. The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, Marshal MacArthur issued the "General Order No. 1" and ordered the Japanese forces in China (except Manchuria), Taiwan and Vietnam north of the 16th latitude to surrender to Chiang Kai-shek representing the Allied Powers, and ordered Japan and the military controlled by Japan And the civil government assisted the Allied Powers in occupying Japan and the areas controlled by Japan. After Chiang Kai-shek appointed General Chen Yi to accept the surrender of the Japanese troops in Taiwan, he then unilaterally declared Taiwan's recovery. The United States and the United Kingdom and other allies disagreed with the unilateral announcement of the restoration of sovereignty over Taiwan by the Republic of China, and stated that the handling of Taiwan's sovereignty must wait for a peace treaty with Japan to be decided. Japan also stated that the "Submission Instrument" that has accepted the "Potsdam Declaration" and "Cairo Declaration" only has the nature of a truce agreement, not the nature of a territorial sanction; Taiwan only separated from Japan when the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" came into force in 1952. In the "San Francisco Peace Treaty," Japan only declared to abandon Taiwan, but did not indicate its ownership. Taiwan's ownership must be determined by the Allied Powers in the future. Taiwan has been the main territory under the actual jurisdiction of the ROC government since 1950. The Republic of China, which is connected with this, moved the central government to Taipei City in December 1949.
Although Taiwan has only more than 400 years of history, it has diverse cultures and sites from Holland, Spain, Zheng Dynasty, Qing Empire, Japan, and Taiwan today. Many places and cultural relics are worth visiting.
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- 1 Tainan。IntroductionIt was the first capital of Taiwan to build a city-JeranjaHistory can be pushed back to the 1620s, when the Dutch East India Company was used as a maritime base; the establishment of the Taiwanese government in the Qing Dynasty was named "Fucheng", and it has been the political and economic center of the entire island of Taiwan since the 19th century. In modern times, it was one of the core cities in southern Taiwan, as well as the cultural center and education center of Taiwan, and even more famous as the cultural capital of Taiwan. There are many fortresses, temples and other monuments left by the Netherlands, the Zheng Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.
- 2 Keelung。IntroductionIn 1626, Wades from Spain led a fleet from Manila to the small islands in Jilong Bay along the east coast of Taiwan (Jilong Island, Today Heping Island), and established-San Salvador CityAs the center of rule, this island was also named San Salvador Island.
- Taipei。IntroductionThe history of land reclamation is quite long, and the Ketagalan tribe, a branch of Taiwan’s aboriginal people, has lived here for the world. However, the formation of the scale of the city began with the two settlements of Mengjia and Dadaocheng, which were established by Han immigrants during the Qing Dynasty, and the Taipei City, which was completed in 1884. Since then, it has become the political center of Taiwan.
- Xinbei。
- Kaohsiung。
- 3 Taichung。IntroductionIt is a Dadu Kingdom established in central Taiwan by the indigenous people of Taiwan, the Babula, Babusa, Bazehai, Hongya, and Daukas.Dadu SocietyAs a political center, it reached Lukang at the southern end of its heyday, and to the south of Taoyuan in the north (later the area was in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Dadu River). However, there are no traces of the Dadu Kingdom left in the area, but many academies from the Qing Dynasty period and military bunkers from the Japanese Occupation period.
- Hsinchu。
- Chiayi。
- Changhua。
- 4 Penghu。IntroductionIn 1281, it was the earliest in the Taiwanese archipelagoMongolian Empire(Yuan Dynasty) The base area of the inspection department established.