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Frankfurt am Main is the business and financial center of Germany and the largest city in the German state Hesse. The city is known for its futuristic skyline and the largest German airport.
Located on the River Main in Frankfurt, it is the financial capital of continental Europe and the transport center of Germany. Frankfurt is home to the European Central Bank and the German stock exchange. In addition, some of the most important trade fairs in the world, such as the Frankfurter Automesse, the car exhibition, and the Frankfurter Buchmesse, the book fair, are held here.
Info
History
The historic growth center of Frankfurt am Main is the Domhügel, originally an islet between two branches of the river Main, which has been inhabited since Neolithic times. In Roman times there was a small settlement and an army camp. At that time, the city of Nida was situated near the Heddernheim district, the capital of the civitas Taunensium in the province of Germania Superior.
After the Romans, the area was inhabited by the Alemanni, who made way for the Franks again in 531. A royal castle was built on the Domhügel by the Frankish Merovingen. Frankfurt is first mentioned in 793, but is probably already a place of significance. Indeed, in a letter from Emperor Charlemagne to the Bishop of Toledo from 794, it is noted: "...in loco celebri, qui dicitur Franconofurd..." ("in that famous place called Franconofurd"). In the same year Charlemagne organized a synod and an assembly in the 'voorde der Franken'. He also had a palace built there. His son and successor Louis the Pious chose Frankfurt as his residence, expanded the palace, had an even larger palace built and in 838 had the city walled. Frankfurt grew into one of the most important cities in the Holy Roman Empire. For example, from 855 onwards, the German monarchs were elected in this city and then crowned in Aachen.
Soon after 1200 the royal guardian was replaced by a sheriff, who ruled together with aldermen. This was a first step in the privatization of the city, because a city council developed from the council of aldermen. The next step was in 1311 when two mayors came. In 1372 the town became Reichsunmittelbar by purchasing the post of rear admiral. The city also developed in other areas such as trade. The Frankfurter Messe, the trade fair, was first mentioned in 1150. This autumn fair developed from an annual market for agricultural products into a fair of more than local importance. Frederick II granted protection privileges to visitors to the fair in 1240. From 1478, booksellers would also enter the trade fair.
From 1356, under the Golden Bull in Frankfurt, the electors had to elect the emperor. From 1562 the city was also the coronation city of the German emperors and the royal coronation in Aachen expired. The last coronation took place in 1792.
During the imperial reforms of 1500, the city was assigned to the Upper Rhine District. The population in that year was around 10,000. The Reformation was introduced in 1533. The influx of Protestant immigrants increased the city's prosperity. In the 16th century, the city developed further into one of the most important centers of printing and bookselling in Europe. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) passed Frankfurt without many color cracks, because the city council, after the bad experiences with the lost Schmalkaldic War, decided not to take sides. However, the city, like many other places, had to deal with the Plague.
At the beginning of the 19th century, Frankfurt had a population of 35,000 and the demolition of the fortifications started. After the city became independent in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the independence was ended with the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. Frankfurt was awarded to Karl Theodor von Dalberg, Prince Primate of the Rhine Confederation, and in 1810 extended to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt. Von Dalberg brought about reforms in various areas, such as administration, law and education. After Napoleon's defeats, Von Dalberg's reign came to an end in 1813 and many of his reforms were reversed.
As a result of the Congress of Vienna, the city joined the newly formed German Confederation as the Free City of Frankfurt and as the seat of the Bundestag. After the March Revolution of 1848, the Frankfurt Parliament met in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt. The institute failed because King Frederick William IV refused the imperial crown offered to him. In 1863 the Frankfurter Vorstendag took place in the city, a failed attempt to reform the German constitution.
In the German War of 1866, the free city of Frankfurt, like several other states, was annexed by Prussia, after which it was absorbed into the newly formed province of Hesse-Nassau and thus lost its free city status. After the annexation, the city grew rapidly in size, thanks to the addition of several places in the area. The population also grew very rapidly, from 78,000 in 1867, via 180,000 in 1890 to 400,000 in 1905. In 1928 the city had a population of 548,000. A destroyed Frankfurt am Main in 1945
In 1933 the Nazis came to power in Frankfurt. Former Jewish mayor Landmann fled the city, first to Berlin and later to the Netherlands, where he died in 1945. From October 1941, a total of 9,415 Jews were deported from Frankfurt and murdered in concentration camps. In the Second World War the city was also heavily bombed, as a result of which the center and the Altstadt were almost completely lost. The closed medieval townscape disappeared, also because the reconstruction often opted for simple construction and did not look at the old structures.
After the war, Frankfurt was the administrative seat of the Trizone, the allied zones of occupation of the Americans, the British and the French. The city was put forward as the capital of the Federal Republic, but in the end that honor went to Bonn. In 1949 the Buchmesse, which disappeared in the 17th century, returned and in 1955 the population exceeded 600,000.
Much has been invested and improved in infrastructure in recent history: the first line of the Frankfurt U-Bahn (underground) was opened in 1968. Since 1978, the Rhine-Main region has an S-Bahn network. The airport has also grown rapidly, partly thanks to the opening of a large terminal in 1972. Since the 1980s, the skyline has been characterized by tall office buildings, such as the Commerzbank Tower and the Messeturm. Frankfurt has now grown into one of the most important financial centers in Europe.
Geography
Frankfurt is located in the state of Hesse in southwestern Germany. The city is located in the extreme north of the Upper Rhine Rift and southeast of the Taunus, a low mountain range with peaks up to 880 meters. The city is located on both banks of the River Main, with the center of gravity on the north side.
The Main arises at Kulmbach in northern Bavaria, and flows west through the federal states of Bavaria and Hesse, before emptying into the Rhine about 30 kilometers south-west of the center of Frankfurt as the crow flies. That center, like most of the city, is located on the north or right bank of the river. In the Frankfurt dialect one also speaks of Hibb de Bach ("this side of the stream") and Dribb de Bach ("the other side of the stream") when referring to the inner city and Sachsenhausen sides of the Main respectively. The two banks are connected by a large number of bridges and a ferry service. The second major river that flows through Frankfurt is the Nidda, which flows through the city over a length of more than 18 kilometers. Frankfurt also has more than 50 lakes and ponds.[4]
The city has a total area of 248.3 km². Major cities in the vicinity of Frankfurt are Offenbach am Main, Darmstadt, Wiesbaden and Mainz. With over 5 million inhabitants, the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main metropolitan region is one of the largest metropolitan regions in Germany.
Frankfurt is at an altitude of 112 meters above Normalnull. The city's highest natural point is 212 meters above Normalnull at the Berger Warte on the Berger Rücke in the Seckbach district. The lowest point is 88 meters above Normalnull and can be found on the banks of the Main in the Sindlingen district.
Arrive
By plane
By train
By car
By bus
By boat
Travel around
To look at
Skyscrapers
- Commerzbank Tower. Height of 259 meters, the antenna 300 meters.
- Messeturm, . Height of 257 meters.
- Westend Tower. The height of 208 meters.
- Main Tower. The height of 200 meters. Open to the public, see "create."
Surroundings of Romerberg
- Römer, town hall, more than 600 years old, badly damaged in the war, but restored afterwards.
- Nikilaikirche, built in 1300 on older foundations from around 1230.
- Steinernes Haus, built in 1464, completely destroyed in 1944 and rebuilt after the war.
- Goethe Museum with Goethe .'s birthplace next door [1], rebuilt in 1951 after war damage.
To do
To buy
Food
Going out
stay overnight
Safety
Contact
| This article incorporates information from the History of Frankfurt am Main on Wikipedia. See the page history there for the list of authors. |