Chinese travel dictionary - Kiinan matkasanakirja

An example of Chinese characters.

Chinese (汉语 hànyǔ) or Mandarin Chinese (as in this dictionary) is People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Singapore Official language.

In reality, there is no single “Chinese language,” for Chinese is a huge family of languages ​​whose “dialects” are as far apart as, say, English and Italian. That is what China usually means Pǔtōnghuàa (普通話) i.e. the so-called. Mandarin Chinese, which is Beijing dialect-based official Chinese language. Mandarin Chinese is taught in school and used in magazines, television, radio, and movies, so almost every Chinese person speaks it at least as a second mother tongue or foreign language.

Understand

Chinese is written in Chinese hanziwith punctuation, which in theory is over 60,000. Most of these are never used, but the educated Chinese knows an average of 4,000. It would take years for a traveler to learn a similar amount, but even identifying the twenty most common helps strangely enough.

Many hanzi characters have meanings, e.g. 人 (rén, man).

Say it

Vowels

Consonants

Tones

The Chinese language is the so-called a tonal language in which the meaning of a word changes when it is pronounced from a different pitch. E.g. ma means "mother", má "hemp", mǎ "horse" and mà is swear-verb. In addition ma (without inflections) is a particle that is added to the end of a sentence to express a question word. In Mandarin China, there are four tones, while in Canton, for example, there are as many as seven.

Grammar

Travel Glossary

Rudiments

General signs

公開
Open
關閉
Closed
入口
In
出口
Out
推
Push
拉
Pull
厕所 / 洗手间
toilet
男
Gentlemen
女
Ladies
禁止
Denied
Good day
你好。 Nǐ hǎo
Hi
你好。 Nǐ hǎo
How are you?
你 好吗? Nǐ hǎo ma?
Good thanks.
很好, 謝謝。 Hěn hǎo, xièxiè.
What is your name?
叫 什麼 名字？ Nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?
My name is ______ .
我 叫 _____。 Wǒ jiào ______.
Nice to meet you.
很 高興 認識 你。 Hěn gāoxìng rènshi nǐ.
Could you / would I ...
。。 Qǐng.
Thank you.
。。 Xièxiè.
You're welcome
不客氣。 Bú kèqì.
Yes
。 的。 Shì de.
No.
。。 Wú.
Sorry (attracting attention)
。。 Qǐngwèn.
Sorry (apology)
。 一下。 Dǎrǎo yīxià. ;麻烦 您 了, Máfan nínle.
Goodbye.
再见。 Zàijiàn
bye
。。 Bàibài
I do not speak English.
我 不能 說 流利 的 英語。 Wǒ bùnéng shuō liúlì de yīngyǔ.
Do you speak Finnish?
你 講 芬蘭語？ Nǐ jiǎng fēnlán yǔ?
Does anyone here speak Finnish?
是 有人 在 這裡 講 芬蘭語？ Shì yǒurén zài zhèlǐ jiǎng fēnlán yǔ ??
Help!
幫助! Bāngzhù!
Precautionary!
當心! Danxin!
Good morning.
早安。 Zǎo ān.
Good evening.
。 好。 Wǎnshàng hǎo.
Good night.
。。 Wǎn ān.
I do not understand
我 听 不懂。 Wǒ tīng bù dǒng.
Where is the toilet?
洗手间 在 哪里？ Xǐshǒujiān zài nǎlǐ?

Ills

Let me be at ease!
Do not touch!
I call the police.
Police!
Stop! Thief!
I need your help.
There is an emergency now.
I'm lost.
My bag disappeared.
My wallet disappeared.
I'm sick.
I'm hurt.
I need a doctor.
Can I call?

Numbers

1
一 yi
2
二 er
3
三 san
4
四 ski
5
五 wu
6
六 Liu
7
七 qí
8
八 ba
9
九 jiu
10
十 shi
11
十一 Shiyi
12
shier
13
Shisan
14
shisi
15
shiwu
16
shiliu
17
shiqí
18
Shiba
19
shiniù
20
Ershi
21
ershiyi
2X
30
sanshi
40
síshi
50
Wushi
60
Liushi
70
qìshi
80
bashi
90
niùshi
100
百 Bai
200
bi
300
1000
qiān
2000
10,000
wàn
1,000,000
bǎi wàn
1,000,000,000
shí yì
1,000,000,000,000
number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
half
半 bàn
less
more

Time

now
later
before
morning
afternoon
evening
night

Time

at one in the morning
at two in the morning
midday
at 1 p.m.
at 2 p.m.
midnight

Duration

_____ minutes
_____ hours
_____ days
_____ weeks
_____ month / month
_____ year / year

Days

today
yesterday
tomorrow
this week
last week
next week
Sunday
Monday
星期一 xīngqí yī
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday

Months

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

Colors

black
黑色 hēisè
white
白色 báisè
gray
灰色 huīsè
red
红 month
blue
蓝色 lánsè
yellow
黄色 huángsè
green
绿色 lǜsè
Orange
橙子 chéngzi
violet
紫色 zǐsè
brown
棕色 zōngsè
pink
粉 fěn

Transport

Place names

America
美洲
Canada
加拿大
Denmark
丹麦
Estonia
爱沙尼亚
Finland
芬兰
France
法国
Germany
德国
Japan
日本
Norway
挪威
Russia
俄罗斯
Spain
西班牙
Swedish
瑞典
U.S.
美國
Copenhagen
哥本哈根
London
伦敦
Paris
巴黎
Peter
圣彼得堡
Stockholm
斯德哥尔摩

Bus and train

How much does the ticket cost _____?
One ticket _____, please.
Where does this train / bus go?
Where is the _____ train / bus?
Does this train / bus stop at _____?
When does the _____ train / bus leave?
When does this train / bus arrive _____?

It is easy to learn Chinese.

Instructions

How do I get _____ ?
... to the train station?
... to the bus station?
... to the airport?
... downtown?
... a hostel?
... to a _____ hotel?
... US / Canadian / Australian / British Consulate?
Where is a lot ...
... hotels?
... restaurants?
... bars?
... attractions?
Can you show on the map?
Street
Turn left.
Turn right.
left
right
ahead
per _____
_____ is over
before _____
Beware of _____.
intersection
north
South
east
west
rise
downhill

Taxi

Taxi!
_____, thank you.
How much does it cost to go _____
There, thank you.

Accommodation

Do you have any vacancies?
How much would there be room for one / two people?
Does the room come with ...
... sheets?
...bathroom?
...phone?
...TV?
Can I see the room first?
Do you have anything quieter?
... bigger?
... cleaner?
...cheaper?
I'll take it.
I will stay _____ nights.
Can you suggest another hotel?
Do you have a safety box?
... safety boxes?
Is breakfast / dinner included in the price?
What time is breakfast / dinner?
Please clean my room.
Can you wake me up at _____?
I'd like to log out.

Monetary

Do you accept euros?
你 接受 欧元 吗？ Nǐ jiēshòu ōuyuán ma?
Do you accept American dollars?
你们 接受 美元 吗？ Nǐmen jiēshòu měiyuán ma?
Can I pay with credit card?
我 可以 用 信用卡 付款 吗？ Wǒ kěyǐ yòng xìnyòngkǎ fùkuǎn ma?
Can you exchange money?
Where can I exchange money?
Can you exchange traveler's checks?
Where can I exchange traveler's checks?
What is the exchange rate?
Where is

Eating

Table for one / two please.
Menu, please?
Can I see the kitchen?
Do you have local specialties?
I am vegetarian.
I don't eat pork.
I don't eat beef.
Can you make it light?
meal of the day
à la carte
breakfast
lunch
supper
May I have _____.
May I have something with _____.
chicken
beef
reindeer
fish
herring
Baltic herring
ham
sausage
cheese
lay eggs
salad
bread
toast
noodles
rice
beans
May I have a glass _____?
May I have a cup of _____?
May I have a bottle of _____?
coffee
tea
juice
soda water
water
beer
red / white wine
May I have _____?
salt
pepper
butter
Excuse me, waitress?
I'm ready.
Delicious.
Can you clear the table?
Check please.

Bars

Do you sell alcohol?
Do you have table service?
One beer / two beers please.
Glass of red / white wine please.
One pint please.
One bottle please.
_____-_____, thank you.
whiskey
vodka
rum
water
soda water
tonic water
orange juice
cola
Do you have snacks?
One more, please.
Second round, please.
What time do you close?

Shopping

Do you have this in my size?
How much does this cost?
It is too expensive.
How about _____?
expensive
cheap
I can't afford it.
I don't want that.
You're cheating on me.
I'm not interested.
Good, I'll take it.
Can I have a plastic bag?
Do you also send goods (abroad)
I need...
... toothpaste.
... toothbrush.
... tampons.
... soap.
... shampoo.
... painkiller.
... a flu medicine.
... stomach medicine.
... razor blade.
... umbrella.
... sunscreen.
... postcard.
... stamps.
... batteries.
... stationery.
... a pen.
... books in Finnish.
... Finnish language magazines.
... a Finnish-language newspaper.
... English-Finnish dictionary.

Driving

I would like to rent a car.
Can I get insurance?
stop
one-way
give way / 'triangle'
no parking
speed limit
gas station
petrol
Diesel

Bureaucracy

I have not done anything wrong.
It was a misunderstanding.
Where are you spending me?
Am I under arrest?
I am a Finnish citizen.
I want to talk about Finland / EU
with the embassy:
I want to talk to a lawyer.
Can I just pay the fines now?

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