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Newcastle-upon-Tyne is a city in Tyne and Wear in UK.
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Facts about Newcastle-upon-Tyne
History
The city was founded by the Roman emperor Hadrian under the name Pons Aelius. The city is the easternmost point of the wall he had built. After the Romans withdrew, the city became part of Northumbria and was named Monkchester. During the ninth century, the city was destroyed by the Danes and in 1080 it was destroyed again when Odo of Bordeaux put down a revolt against the Normans. A new wooden castle was built and gave the city its name the same year. The castle was England northernmost fort and came to be of importance during the many wars between England and Scotland which took place in the following centuries. During the English Civil War in the 17th century, the city supported the king, but was taken over by Parliament in 1644. The city developed rapidly during the Industrial Revolution due to the large coal deposits that existed nearby. Above all, shipbuilding and heavy industry were important. The British industrialist and inventor George Stephenson was born just west of the city and built several of his early inventions here. After World War II, the city, like other English cities, lost much of its heavy industry.