Olivence - Wikivoyage, the free collaborative travel and tourism guide - Olivence — Wikivoyage, le guide de voyage et de tourisme collaboratif gratuit

Olivence ​((es)Olivenza(pt)Olivença)
Pillory with the armillary sphere king symbol Manual Ier (king of Portugal) at the foot of the Spanish flag.
Information
Country	Spain
Region	Extremadura
Watercourse	Guadiana
Area	430 km²
Population	11 912 hab. (2020)
Density	27,7 inhab./km²
Postal code	06100
Spindle	UTC 01:00
Location
38 ° 36 ′ 20 ″ N 7 ° 6 ′ 36 ″ W
Official site
Touristic site
edit

Olivence is a municipality and a city in the region ofExtremadura in Spain. It borders onAlentejo to Portugal, with whom she shares many cultural and architectural similarities. Olivence has been the subject of a sovereignty dispute between Spain and Portugal since 1801. The latter, on faith of article 5 of its Constitution, claiming it for the Alentejo, does not recognize the Spanish administration.

Understand

Tourist information

• 38.688828-7.1016261 Tourist Office (Oficina Municipal de Turismo) Convento San Juan de Dios,   34 924490151, e-mail : [email protected]  Tue.- sat. : 9 h 30 - 14 h and17 h - 19 h in summer, Tue.- sat. : 9 h 30 - 14 h and16 h - 18 h in winter, Sun. : 10 h - 14 h. –  (last updated Jan 2020)

Story

The region has long been coveted by the Portuguese and Leoneans. Conquered in 1086 by the kingdom of Leon lost to the benefit of the Moors, reconquered in 1169 by Gerald without Fear at the head of the Portuguese, its reconquest by the kingdom of Leon dates from 1230. In 1256, the Order of the Temple founded a commandery there. , protected by a fort. In 1297, the Treaty of Alcanizes, modifies the border between Portugal and Leon by an exchange of several localities. Olivence then passes under the Portuguese banner until 1801.

At that time, Bonaparte's France, temporarily allied with Spain, put pressure on Portugal to close its ports with the aim of isolating the United Kingdom, but Portugal, linked to it by treaties of Windsor (1386) and of Methuen (1703), is tackling diplomatically without taking a position. Spain then invaded part of the Alentejo, (incident known as the war of the oranges), encircles Olivence, who is defended by a French emigrant aristocrat surrenders without a fight. Spain formalizes the annexation of Olivence in 1801 by the treaty of Badajoz. Napoleon defeated, the Treaty of Paris of 1814 cancels the Treaty of Badajoz, then by the Treaty of Vienna of 1815, Spain undertakes to restore the annexed territories "As briefly as possible". In 1821 Brazil, then vice-kingdom of Portugal, occupied and annexed Uruguay. Spain argues that this is a sufficient reason not to return Olivence and its region and that the treaty of Badajoz is still valid. In 1840 the use of the Portuguese language was prohibited in Olivence.

Under the regime of Francisco franco, the repression against Portuguese culture is harsher, the names of people, places, streets are Hispanized, settlers are encouraged to occupy the territory, with among other things the creation, in the northeast, of two new villages: San Francisco and San Rafael.

Nowadays, despite the persistent disagreement between Portugal and Spain on the membership of Olivence, this subject no longer causes any diplomatic incident. The municipality finds a certain Portuguese culture: some of the streets and places have a double toponymy, many citizens are bilingual and often even adopt dual nationality, finally Olivence is twinned with five Portuguese cities.

Another sign that the spirits have calmed down, the locality is part of theeuroregionEUROACE (es) created in 2009 by Spain and Portugal

To go

Circulate

To see

• 38.6855-7.099111 Strong (Castillo / Castelo)  – Fort erected in 1306 by the king Denis I^er king of portugal, the keep dates 1488 built by King John II of Portugal, it is higher than other Portuguese dungeons with its 40 meters. (last update May 2020)
• 38.685192-7.0995982 Church of St. Mary of the Castle (Iglesia de Santa María del Castillo / Igreja de Santa Maria do Castelo)  – Church founded by the Order of the Temple in XIII^e century, it subsequently became the possession of the Order of Saint Benedict of Avis. Rebuilt in XVI^e century it is in Manueline and Renaissance style. (last update May 2020)

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  Church of St. Mary of the Castle

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  Nave

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  Manuèlin portal

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  Tree of Jesse

• 38.686192-7.1003923 Church of Saint Mary Magdalene (Iglesia de Santa María Magdalena / Igreja de Santa Maria Madalena)  Tue.- sat. and17 h - 19 h in summer, Tue.- sat. : 10 h - 13 h 30 and16 h - 18 h in winter, Sun. : 10 h - 13 h 30. Free. – Magnificent Manueline church built at the request of the king Manual I^er king of portugal At the beginning of XVI^e century, perhaps by the brothers Diego de Arruda and Francisco de Arruda, she is strongly inspired by the Church of Jesus of Setubal built by Boytac. In 2012, it was voted the “best corner of Spain” in a competition organized by the travel guide of the firm Repsol. (last update May 2020)
• 38.684662-7.1006224 Chapel of the Holy Spirit (Capilla del Espíritu Santo / Capela do Espírito Santo) Calle Caridad, 10  Mon.- Sun. : 10 h - 14 h except Game. : 12 h - 14 h and Fri. : 10 h 30 - 14 h. – Former church of the Holy House of Mercy (charitable institution founded in 1501 by the king Manual I^er king of portugal, the construction of the hospital is due to the initiative of Queen Éléonore, wife of King John II). The Church of Mercy, which has become the current Chapel of the Holy Spirit, dates from 1548, the altarpiece is in Baroque style. The interior walls are covered with very beautiful azulejos Portuguese dating from 1723 by Manuel dos Santos, representatives of biblical scenes. (last update May 2020)

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Around