Georgian phrasebook - Sprachführer Georgisch

General information

The Georgian language (own name ქართული ენა kartuli ena) belongs to the South Caucasian languages ​​with Mingrelian, Lasisch and Swanian. Georgian has no known related language. The alphabet is used to write the Georgian language Mchedruli used with 33 letters. The font is a bit confusing for foreigners, as many letters look alike (e.g. ა, პ, ჰ or ლ, ღ), but there is only one character set and no separate upper and lower case.

Georgian has five vowels and 28 consonants, including ejectives. The consonants can form very large clusters of consonants (e.g. the name of the Georgian city Mtskheta, or, as an extreme example, the Georgian tongue twister “you peel us”: gvprzkvnit). Each phoneme is represented by a specific Georgian letter.

The emphasis is very weak and indistinguishable. With two- and three-syllable words it is usually on the first syllable, with four-syllable words on the second. In contrast to German, yes-no questions are answered with a rising-falling intonation. Every Georgian noun in the nominative case ends with a vowel.

pronunciation

Vowels

ა
a
ე
e - pronounced briefly ("
ი
i
ო
O
უ
u

Consonants

ბ
b
გ
G
დ
d
ვ
v, w - as in the German word "wie"
ზ
z, s - a voiced s as in the North German pronunciation of "salt" or "sun"
თ
t aspirated t
კ
k 'not aspirated, no German equivalent
ლ
l
მ
m
ნ
n
პ
p
ჟ
zh, ž, voiced sh as in the word "journal"
რ
r
ს
ß - voiceless
ტ
t ', not aspirated, no German equivalent
ფ
p, f - aspirated p, almost an f, as in Greek ph
ქ
k - aspirated, as in German coal
ღ
gh, as in German ch but pronounced almost like a rolling r
ყ
k, q - a guttural sound reminiscent of the "Tyrolean K"
შ
sh, sh - voiceless sh, like in "school"
ჩ
ch, č ', ch - aspirated
წ
ts, z - not aspirated
ძ
dz, ds
ჭ
ch, č, ch
ხ
kh, ch as in the German "Bach"
ჯ
j, dzh, dsch - voiced, as in the German "jungle"
ჰ
h - as in the German "house"

Character combinations

In Georgian the following applies: one sound - one letter; one letter - one sound. Double vowels are also pronounced twice (e.g. Gurjaani)

Idioms

Basics

Good day.
გამარჯობათ (literally gamardschobat: may you be victorious)
Hello. (informal)
გამარჯობა, პრივეტ (gamardschoba literally: may you be victorious, but also privjet - borrowed from Russian)
How are you?
როგორა ხართ (rogora chart)
How are you?
როგორ ბრძანდებით (rogor brdzandebit?)
Good thank you.
კარგად ვარ, მადლობა (k’argad var, madloba)
What's your name?
თქვენი სახელი? (tkveni ßakheli?)
My name is ______ .
მე მქვია ... (me mkvia ...)
Nice to meet you.
სასიამოვნოა თქვენი გაცნობა (ßaßiamovnoa tkveni gatsnoba)
My pleasure.
არაფერს (araperß) or არაფრის (arapriß)
Thanks.
მადლობა (madloba)
Many Thanks.
დიდი მადლობა (didi madloba)
Here you go.
ინებეთ (inebet)
Yes.
დიახ, ქი, ჰო (diach, ki, ho - from formal to informal)
No.
არა (era)
No thanks.
არა, მადლობთ (ara madlobt)
Sorry.
ვწუხვარ (vts'ukhvar), ბოდიში (bodischi)
Goodbye
ნახვამდის (nachvamdiß)
Bye (informal)
ქარგათ, აბაჰე, პაკა (kargad, abahe, paka)
I don't (hardly) speak ____.
მე არ ვიცი (me ar vizi ___)
Do you (maybe) speak German?
გერმანულად (ხომ არ) ლაპარაკობთ? (germanulad (khom ar) lap'arak'obt?)
Does anyone here speak English?
აქ ვინმე ლაპარაკობს ინგლისურად? (ak vinme lap'arak'obß imglißurad?)
Help!
დახმარება(dakhmareba)
Attention!
ყურადღებით (k`uradghebit)
Good Morning.
დილა მშვიდობისა (dila mschvidobißa)
Good day.
გამარჯობა (gamardschoba)
Good evening.
საღამო მშვიდობისა (sagamo mshvidobißa)
Good night.
ღამე მშვიდობისა (game mschvidobißa)
Sleep well.
ძილი ნებისა (mili nebißa)
I do not understand that.
ვერ გავიგე (ver gavige)
Where is the toilet?
სად არის ტუალეტი (ßad ariss t'ualet'i)

Problems

Leave me in peace.
()
Do not touch me!
()
I'm calling the police.
()
Police!
()
Stop the thief!
()
I need help.
()
This is an emergency.
()
I'm lost.
()
I lost my bag.
()
I lost my wallet.
()
I'm sick.
(me var avad )
I'm injured.
()
I need a doctor.
()
Can I use your telephone?
()

numbers

1
(ერთი ) ErtHi
2
(ორი) Ori
3
(სამი) ßami
4
(ოთხი) Otchi
5
(ხუთი) ChutHi
6
()
7
()
8
()
9
()
10
(ათი) AtHi
11
(თერთმეთი) THermetHi: Numbers from 11 to 19 are formed as follows: At the beginning a TH (for ati, ten), then the numeral and then "meti" ("more"). T-ert-meti literally means "ten and one more".
12
(თორმეთი) TormetHi
13
(წამეთი) ZHametHi: If the number word of the units position begins with an S or Sch, the preceding T is merged with the following sound and written with just one letter.
14
()
15
()
16
()
17
()
18
()
19
()
20
(ozi)
21
()
22
()
23
()
30
()
40
()
50
()
60
()
70
()
80
()
90
()
100
(ასი) Aßi
200
(ორასი) Oraßi
300
(სამასი) Samaßi
1000
(ათასი) AtHaßi, literally: ten-hundred
1100
(ათას და ასი) At h ate 'da atei, literally: ten-hundred and one hundred. A number construction as in German or English with "eleven hundred" does not exist in Georgian.
2000
(ორი ათასი) Ori atHassi, literally: two-ten-hundred (not: ozassi - twenty hundred - which would somehow be obvious.
1.000.000
()
1.000.000.000
()
1.000.000.000.000
()
half
(nachewari)
Fewer
((ufro) cota )
More
(meti)

time

now
(ეხლა / Echla)
later
(მერე / Mere)
before
( amiswin)
(the morning
(დილა / Dila)
afternoon
( nashuadgevi)
Eve
( sagamo)
night
(game )
today
(დღეს / Dghes)
yesterday
(gushin )
tomorrow
(საღამოს / Saghamos)
day after tomorrow
(ზეგ / zeg)
this week
(it kvira )
last week
( bolo kvira)
next week
(შემდეგი კვირა / Schemdegi Kwira)

Time

an hour
((ერთი) საათი) (ErtHi) seedsHi) - means both "one hour" and "one o'clock", the context is important here.
two o'clock
(ორი საათი) Ori SaatHi)
half past one
(ორის ნახევარი) Oris Nachewari, literally: the second (hour) half
noon
()
thirteen o'clock
()
fourteen O `clock
()
11
57 clock: (თერთმეტი საათი და ორმოცდაჩვიდმეთი წუთი) THertmeti saatHi da ormozdatschwidmetHi applyHi, literally: ten-and-one-more hours and two-times-twenty-and-ten-and-seven-more minutes. Exact times (e.g. train schedule) are said in this way, whereby the Russian numbers are also used, as they are shorter and more unambiguous: Odinnadzat'-Pjatdesjatpjat '
midnight
()

Duration

_____ minute (s)
(toi)
_____ hour (s)
(sati)
_____ day (s)
(dghes)
_____ week (s)
()
_____ month (s)
()
_____ year (s)
(tseli)

Days

Sunday
კვირა (kvira)
Monday
ორშაბათი (orschabati)
Tuesday
სამშაბათი (samschabati)
Wednesday
ოთხშაბათი (otchschabati)
Thursday
ხუთშაბათი (khuchabati)
Friday
პარასკევი (paraskevi)
Saturday
შაბათი (shabati)

Months

January
()
February
()
March
()
April
()
May
()
June
()
July
()
August
()
September
()
October
()
November
()
December
()

Notation for date and time

Colours

black
(shawi)
White
(tetri)
Gray
()
red
(ziteli)
blue
(lurgi)
yellow
(khwiteli)
green
(mzwane)
orange
(stapilosperi) (stapilo = carrot)
purple
()
brown
()

traffic

bus and train

Line _____ (Train, bus, etc.)
()
How much does a ticket to _____ cost?
()
A ticket to _____, please.
()
Where is this train / bus going?
()
Where is the train / bus to _____?
()
Does this train / bus stop in _____?
()
When does the train / bus to_____ leave?
()
When does this train / bus arrive in _____?
()

direction

How do I get ... ?
()
...to the train station?
()
...to the bus stop?
()
...to the airport?
()
... to the city center?
()
... to the youth hostel?
()
...to the hotel?
()
... to the German / Austrian / Swiss consulate?
()
Where are there many ...
()
... hotels?
()
... restaurants?
()
... bars?
()
...Tourist Attractions?
()
Could you show me that on the map?
()
road
()
Turn left.
()
Turn right.
()
Left
()
right
()
straight
()
to follow the _____
()
after_____
()
before the _____
()
Look for _____.
()
north
()
south
()
east
()
west
()
above
()
below
()

taxi

Taxi!
()
Please drive me to _____.
()
How much does a trip to _____ cost?
()
Please take me there.
()

accommodation

Do you have a free room?
()
How much does a room cost for one / two people?
()
Has it in the room ...
()
...a toilet?
()
...a shower?
()
...a telephone?
()
... a TV?
()
Can I see the room first?
()
Do you have something quieter?
()
... bigger?
()
... clean?
()
... cheaper?
()
Ok I'll take it.
()
I want to stay _____ night (s).
()
Can you recommend another hotel?
()
Do you have a safe?
()
...Lockers?
()
Is breakfast / dinner included?
()
What time is breakfast / dinner?
()
Please clean my room.
()
Can you wake me up at _____?
()
I want to sign out.
()

money

Do you accept Euros?
()
Do you accept Swiss Francs?
()
Do you accept credit cards?
()
Can you change money for me?
()
Where can I change money?
()
Can you change traveller's checks for me?
()
Where can I change traveler checks?
()
What is the rate?
()
Where is there an ATM?
()

eat

A table for one / two people, please.
()
Could I have the menu?
(მენიუ, ტუშეიძლება) Meniu, Tuscheidsleba
Can i see the kitchen
()
Is there a house specialty?
()
Is there a local specialty?
()
I'm vegetarian.
()
I do not eat pork.
()
I don't eat beef.
()
I only eat kosher food.
()
Can you cook it low fat?
()
Menu of the day
()
à la carte
()
breakfast
(საუზმე) sauzme
Having lunch
()
with coffee (in the afternoon)
()
Dinner
()
I would like _____.
()
I want table service _____.
()
chicken
(ქათამი) Katami
Beef
() dzrokha
calf
(ხბო) Chbo
pig
(ღორი ) Ghori
piglet
(გოჩი) Gotschi
fish
(თევზი) Tewsi (voiced s)
ham
(ვიჩინა) Witschina (from Russian: Wetschina)
sausage
()
cheese
(ყველი) Khweli
Eggs
(კვერცხები) kwerts’khebi
salad
(სალატი) Salati
(fresh vegetables
(ბოსტნეული) Bostneuli
(fresh fruits
(ხილი) Chilli
loaf
(პური) Puri
toast
()
Pasta
(მაკარონი) Macaroni
rice
(პრინჯი) Prindschi
Beans
(ლობიო) Lobio
Could I have a glass of _____?
()
Could I have a bowl _____?
()
Could I have a bottle of _____?
()
coffee
(ყავა) Khawa
tea
(ჩაი) Tschai
juice
(წვენი) Zweni
Mineral water
()
water
(წყალი) Zkhali (with sparkling water: gasiani, without sparkling water: ugaso)
beer
(ლუდი) Ludi
Red wine / white wine
(წითელი ღვინო, შავი ღვინო / თეთრი ღვინო, მწვანე ღვინო) Ziteli Ghwino, Schawi Ghwino / Tetri Ghwino, Mzwane Ghwino (literally, red or black / white or green wine. ღვინო (Ghwino) means wine.
Could I have some _____?
()
salt
(მარილი) Marili
pepper
(პირპილი) Pirpili
butter
(ქარაქი) Karaki
Sorry waiter? (Get the waiter's attention)
()
I'm done.
()
It was great.
((ძალიან) გემრიელი იხო) (Dsalian) Gemrieli icho (very) tasty it was.
Please clear the table.
()
The Bill please.
(ანგარიში, თუშეიძლება) Angarischi, Tuscheidsleba

Bars

Do you serve alcohol?
()
Is there a table service?
()
One beer / two beers please
()
A glass of red / white wine, please.
()
One glass, please.
()
A bottle, please.
()
whiskey
()
Vodka
()
rum
()
water
()
soda
()
Tonic water
()
orange juice
()
Coke
()
Do you have any snacks?
()
One more, please.
()
Another round please.
()
When do you close?
()

shop

Do you have this in my size?
()
How much is it?
()
This is too expensive.
()
Do you want to take _____?
()
expensive
(ძვირი) Dswiri
cheap
(იაფი) IapHi
I can not afford that.
()
I do not want it.
(ეს არ მინდა) It ar minda
You are cheating on me.
()
I am not interested in it
()
Ok I'll take it.
()
Can i have a bag
()
Do you have oversizes?
()
I need...
()
...Toothpaste.
()
...a toothbrush.
()
... tampons.
()
...Soap.
()
...Shampoo.
()
...Painkiller.
()
...Laxative.
()
... something against diarrhea.
()
... a razor.
()
...an umbrella.
()
...Suncream.
()
...a postcard.
()
... postage stamps.
()
... batteries.
()
... writing paper.
()
...a pen.
()
... German books.
()
... German magazines.
()
... German newspapers.
()
... a German-X dictionary.
()

Drive

Can I rent a car?
()
Can I get insurance?
()
STOP
()
one way street
()
Give way
()
No parking
()
Top speed
()
Gas station
()
petrol
()
diesel
()

Authorities

I did nothing wrong.
()
That was a misunderstanding.
()
Where are you taking me
()
Am i arrested?
()
I am a German / Austrian / Swiss citizen.
()
I want to speak to the German / Austrian / Swiss embassy.
()
I want to speak to the German / Austrian / Swiss consulate.
()
I want to speak to a lawyer.
()
Can't I just pay a fine?
()

Additional information

Article draftThe main parts of this article are still very short and many parts are still in the drafting phase. If you know anything on the subject be brave and edit and expand it to make a good article. If the article is currently being written to a large extent by other authors, don't be put off and just help.