Chinese Phrasebook - Taalgids Chinees

Distribution of the different Chinese dialects.

It Chinese is the official language of China, Taiwan and Singapore. "Chinese" is a collective term for several languages ​​spoken in China, the largest of which are Mandarin and Cantonese. For practical reasons, this guide will standard tangerine used, the standard language known in most of the Chinese-speaking area.

In fact, Chinese can be considered as a macro language, spoken by about 1.22 billion people. In addition to China, Taiwan, and Singapore, there are also many speakers of Chinese in other Far Eastern countries, including Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. The language is also spoken by many overseas Chinese.

Characters (Hanzi)

Chinese inscription in the Chinatown of Singapore.

There are about 12,000 modern Chinese characters (Hanzi). There have been many more in the past. The Kangxi dictionary, written during the Qing dynasty, is 47,035 characters. The recent Hanyu Cidian is about 56,000 characters, but it also includes characters that have since fallen into disuse.

Many characters can have multiple meanings in themselves, but usually a word consists of two or more characters, or the meaning can be inferred from the context.

Grammar

The grammar of the Chinese languages ​​is very simple and actually quite logical. Only the writing system and the short sounds before each character can be somewhat confusing to those who want to learn one of the Chinese languages ​​as a second language.

Some examples of grammar:

• verbs are not conjugated
• other words are also not inflected, but an auxiliary word indicates a change of meaning.

Pronunciation

vowels

consonants

Dictionary

basic words

Good day. (formal)

. ()

Hey. (informal)

concioa . ()

How are you?

? ()

Good thank you.

. ()

What is your name?

? ()

My name is ______.

. ()

Nice to meet you.

. ()

Please.

. ()

Thank you.

. ()

Do not mention it.

. ()

Yes.

. ()

New.

. ()

Excuse me.

. ()

Sorry.

. ()

Bye.

. ()

I do not speak ______.

. ()

Do you speak Dutch?

? ()

Does anyone here speak Dutch?

? ()

Help!

! ( !)

Good morning.

. ()

good evening.

. ()

Good night.

. ()

I do not understand.

. ()

Where is the toilet?

? ( ?)

When problems occur

Leave me alone.

. ()

Do not touch me!

! ( !)

I'm calling the police.

. ()

Law enforcement!

! ()

Stop! Thief!

!  ! ()

I need your help.

. ()

It's an emergency.

. ()

I am lost.

. ()

I lost my bag.

. ()

I lost my wallet.

. ()

I am ill.

. ()

I'm hurt.

. ()

I need a doctor.

. ( ')

Can I use your phone?

? ()

Numbers

1

(yi)

2

( there)

3

(san)

4

()

5

()

6

()

7

()

8

()

9

()

10

()

11

()

12

()

13

()

14

()

15

()

16

()

17

()

18

()

19

()

20

()

21

()

22

()

23

()

30

()

40

()

50

()

60

()

70

()

80

()

90

()

100

()

200

()

300

()

1000

()

2000

()

1.000.000

()

1.000.000.000

()

1.000.000.000,000

()

number _____ (train, bus, etc.)

()

half

()

less

()

Lake

()

Time

now

()

later

()

for

()

morning

()

afternoon

()

evening

()

night

()

Clock

One o'clock in the morning

()

two o'clock in the morning

()

Twelve o'clock in the afternoon

(

One o'clock in the afternoon

()

Two o'clock PM

()

Midnight

()

Expensive

_____ minute(s)

()

_____ you(s)

()

_____ to dawn)

()

_____ week(s)

()

_____ months)

()

_____ year(s)

()

To dawn

Today

()

yesterday

()

tomorrow

()

this week

()

last week

()

next week

()

Monday

()

Tuesday

()

Wednesday

()

Thursday

()

Friday

()

Saturday

()

Sunday

()

Months

January

()

February

()

March

()

April

()

May

()

June

()

July

()

August

()

September

()

October

()

November

()

December

()

To colour

black

()

white

()

gray

()

red

()

blue

()

yellow

()

green

()

Orange

()

Violet

()

brown

()

Transport

Train and bus

How much does a ticket to _____ cost?

? ()

A ticket to _____, please.

. ()

Where does this train/bus go?

? ()

Where is the train/bus to _____?

? ()

Does this train/bus stop in _____?

? ()

When does the train/bus leave for_____ ?

? ()

When does the train/bus arrive in _____?

? ()

Directions

How do I get to _____ ?

? ()

...the station?

? ()

...the bus stop?

? ()

...the airport?

? ()

...the city center?

? ()

...the youth hostel?

? ()

...the hotel?

? ()

...the Dutch/Belgian/Surinamese consulate?

? ()

Where are there many...

()

...hotels?

? ()

...restaurants?

? ()

...cafes?

? ()

...sights?

? ()

Can you mark it on the map?

? ()

street

()

Turn left.

. ()

Turn right.

. ()

left

()

right

()

straight ahead

()

towards _____

()

beyond the _____

()

for the _____

()

Note the _____.

. ()

intersection

()

north

()

South

()

east

()

west

()

uphill

()

downhill

()

Cab

Cab!

! ()

Take me to _____, please.

. ()

How much does it cost to drive to _____?

? ()

Take me there, please.

. ()

To sleep

Do you still have rooms available?

? ()

How much is a room for one person/two people?

? ()

Does the room have...

()

...sheets?

? ()

...a toilet?

? ()

...a bathroom?

? ()

...a phone?

? ()

...a television?

? ()

Can I see the room first?

? ()

Don't you have anything calmer?

? ()

...taller?

? ()

...cleaner?

? ()

...cheaper?

? ()

Okay, I'll take it.

. ()

I stay _____ night(s).

. ()

Can you recommend me another hotel?

? ()

Do you have a safe? (for valuable possessions)

? ()

...lockers? (for clothes)

? ()

Is breakfast/dinner included?

? ()

What time is breakfast/dinner?

? ()

Would you like to clean my room?

? ()

Can you wake me up at _____?

? ()

I want to check out.

. ()

Money

Can I pay with US dollars?

()

Can I pay with British Pounds?

()

Can I pay with euros?

()

Can I pay with a creditcard?

? ()

Can you change money for me?

? ()

Where can I exchange money?

? ()

Can I exchange traveler's checks here?

? ()

Where can I redeem traveler's cheques?

()

What is the exchange rate?

? ()

Where is there an ATM?

? ()

Food

A table for one person/two people, please.

. ()

May I see the menu?

. ()

Can I take a look in the kitchen?

. ()

Is there a house specialty?

? ()

Is there a regional dish?

? ()

I am vegetarian.

. ()

I do not eat pork.

. ()

I don't eat beef.

. ()

I only eat kosher.

. ()

Can you make that with less oil/butter/fat, please?

? ()

fixed menu

()

à la carte

()

breakfast

()

lunch

()

afternoon tea (meal)

()

supper

()

I would like _____.

. ()

I would like a dish with _____.

()

chicken

()

beef

()

fish

()

ham

()

sausage

()

cheese

()

Eggs

()

salad

()

(fresh vegetables

()

(fresh fruit

()

bread

()

toast

()

noodles

()

rice

()

beans

()

Can I have a glass of _____?

? ()

Can I have a cup of _____?

? ()

Can I have a bottle of _____?

? ()

coffee

()

tea

()

juice

()

sparkling water

()

mineral water

()

beer

()

red/white wine

()

Can I have some _____?

? ()

salt

()

black pepper

()

butter

()

Waiter!

! ()

I'm ready.

. ()

It was delicious.

. ()

Can you clear the plates?

? ()

The bill please.

. ()

Going out

Do you serve alcohol?

? ()

Is there table service?

? ()

One beer/two beers, please.

. ()

A glass of red/white wine, please.

. ()

A vase, please

. ()

A bottle, please.

. ()

_____ (liquor) of _____ (added drink), Please.

. ()

whiskey

()

vodka

()

rum

()

water

()

soda water

()

tonic

()

orange juice

()

coke

()

Do you have snacks?

? ()

One more, please.

. ()

One more round, please.

. ( ')

When do you close?

? ()

Cheers!

! ()

Shop

Do you have this in my size?

? ()

How much does that cost?

? ()

That's too expensive.

. ()

Want to sell it for _____?

? ()

expensive

()

cheap

()

I can't afford that.

. ()

I do not want it.

. ()

You are deceiving me.

. ()

I am not interested.

. ()

Okay, I'll take it.

. ()

Can I have a bag?

? ()

Do you deliver (overseas)?

()

I would like...

. ()

...toothpaste.

. ()

...a toothbrush.

. ()

...tampons.

. ( ')

...soap.

. ()

...shampoo.

. ()

...a painkiller.

. ()

...a remedy for the common cold.

()

...stomach tablets.

... ()

... razor blades

. ()

...an umbrella.

. ()

...sunscreen.

. ()

...a postcard.

. ()

...stamps.

. ()

...batteries.

. ()

...writing paper.

. ()

...a pen.

. ()

...Dutch books.

. ()

...Dutch magazines.

. ()

...a Dutch-language newspaper.

. ()

...a Dutch-Chinese dictionary.

. ()

To drive

I want to rent a car.

. ()

Can I have it insured?

? ()

Stop

()

one way street

()

give priority

()

parking ban

()

speed limit

()

gas station

()

gasoline

()

diesel

()

authorities

I haven't done anything wrong.

. ()

It was a misunderstanding.

. ()

Where are you taking me?

? ()

Am I arrested?

? ()

I am a Dutch/Belgian/Surinamese citizen.

()

I want to talk to the Dutch/Belgian/Surinamese embassy/consulate.

()

I want to speak with a lawyer.

()

Can't I just pay a fine now?

()