Russian travel dictionary - Venäjän matkasanakirja

Russia (Русский язык) is the Slavic language spoken In Russia and in the former Soviet Union.

Understand

Russian is written in the Cyrillic alphabet.

А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я

а б в г д е ё ж з и й к л м н о п р с т у ф х ц ч ш щ ъ ы ь э ю я

Say it

Vowels

• A = A
• E = JE
• Ё = JO
• И = I
• О = O
• У = U
• Ы = Y (rear -i)
• Э = È
• Ю = JU
• Я = JA

Consonants

• Б = B
• В = V
• Г = G
• Д = D
• Ж = Ž
• З = Z
• Й = J
• К = K
• Л = L
• М = M
• Н = N
• П = P
• Р = R
• С = S
• Т = T
• Ф = F
• Х = H
• Ц = TS
• Ч = TŠ
• Ш = Š
• Щ = STC

Soft and hard character

• Ъ = (hard character)
• Ь = (soft character)

Before the Russian orthographic reform in 1918, the hard sign was used as the suffix for all nouns ending in a consonant. The reform abolished the use of the "unnecessary" sign, but the sign is still used to make pronunciation easier to distinguish syllables in some words (eg подъезд pod'ezd = rappu, объявление ob'jivlenie = notification). There are about 140 words in the Russian language with a hard sign. Russia is the only Slavic language using the Cyrillic alphabet that has a hard sign in the alphabet.

The soft mark is used much more. Soft sign dissolve that is, softens the consonant preceding it. The dissolved sound is formed by pulling the tongue backwards in the mouth so that the palate is used for pronunciation. When making a loud noise, the tongue touches the teeth. Dilution can be important in the meaning of a word. For example, compare the words ель (jel ', spruce) and ел (jel, I ate). The soft sign is found in the alphabet of all Cyrillic Slavic languages.

Emphasis

The weight of a word in Russian can be in any syllable. Here you should be careful, because the meaning of a word can change with the weight of the word. Weightless o sounds like a, e.g. molo - malakó (milk) .Weightless e is pronounced as i, e.g. ''нести '' - nisti (carry).

Grammar

General signs ОТКРЫТО In ЗАКРЫТО Closed ВЫХОД Out ОТ СЕБЯ Push НА СЕБЯ Pull TUALET toilet МУЖСКОЙ Gentlemen ЖЕНСКИЙ Ladies НЕЛЬЗЯ Denied

Rudiments

Good day

Здравствуйте (zdrastvujte)

Hi

Привет (privet)

How are you?

How long? (each)

Good thanks.

Caspasi, xorosh (spasiba, harasho)

What is your name?

How are you going? (when left)

My name is ______ .

Меня зовут ______. (Minja zavut)

Nice to meet you.

Очень приятно. (och prijana)

Could you / would I ...

Пожалуйста. (pazhalujsta)

Thank you.

Spasibo

You're welcome

Not included (not available)

Yes

For (da)

No.

Нет (njet)

Sorry (attracting attention)

Sorry (apology)

Извините. (exported)

Goodbye.

For the Government. (da svidania)

bye

Пока. (Paka)

I do not speak English.

Я не говорю по-английски. (if not in English)

Do you speak Finnish?

Вы говорите по-фински? (you can get pa-finnish)

Does anyone here speak Finnish?

How do you know what to do? (kto-nibud gavarit po-finski)

HELP

НА ПОМОЩЬ (on behalf of)

Precautionary!

Carefully

(astarozhna)

Good morning.

Доброе утро. (right)

Good evening.

Добрый вечер. (dobryj vecher)

Good night.

Спокойной ночи. (spakoinai nochi)

I do not understand

I do not believe. (and those breweries)

Where is the toilet?

Do you want to? (gdje tualjet)

Ills

Let me be at ease!

Оставьте меня в покое! (Ostavte Minja v pakoje!)

Do not touch!

Don't worry! (Don't trogat!)

I call the police.

Я вызову полицию! (And vyzavu politsiy!)

Police!

Chile! (Militia!)

Stop! Thief!

Стой! Вор! (Stoi! Vor!)

I need your help.

You can go there. (Mnje nuzhna Vasha pomatch).

There is an emergency now.

У меня несчастье. (if not applicable)

I'm lost.

Я заблудился (ja zabludilsa)

My bag disappeared.

For the first time. (U Minja prapala sumka).

My wallet disappeared.

У меня пропал кошелек. (U Minja prapal kashiljok).

I'm sick.

Я болен / больна. (If bolin / saddle).

I'm hurt.

Я травмировался / травмировалась. (and rtavmirovalsja / travmirovalas)

I need a doctor.

Мне нужен врач. (Mnje nuzhen vrach).

Can I call?

Можно позвонить? (Mozhno pozvonit?)

Quickly

Bystra

Numbers

1

один (adin)

2

два (dva)

3

three (three)

4

четыре (tchetyre)

5

пять (pjät)

6

шесть (shest)

7

семь (sjem)

8

восемь (vosim)

9

девять (dje-vit)

10

десять (dje-sit)

11

одиннадцать (adin-nadsat)

12

двенадцать (dvi-nadsat)

13

trinity (tri-nadsat)

14

четырнадцать (tchetyr-nadsat)

15

пятнадцать (pit-nadsat)

16

шестнадцать (shest-nadsat)

17

simulate (sim-nadsat)

18

восемнадцать (vasim-nadsat)

19

девятнадцать (god-nadsat)

20

двадцать (dva-dsat)

21

двадцать один (dvadsat adin)

2X

двадцать X (dvadsat X)

30

trit (tri-dsat)

40

сорок (Sorak)

50

пятьдесят (pjät-desjat)

60

шестьдесят (shes-desjat)

70

семьдесят (sem-desjat)

80

восеьмдесят (vosem-desjat)

90

девяносто (devja-nosta)

100

сто (sto)

200

двести (dve-sti)

300

trio (tri-sta)

400

четыреста (tchetyre-sta)

500

пятьсот (pjät-sot)

600

шестьсот (shes-sot)

700

семьсот (sem-sot)

800

восемьсот (vasem-sot)

900

девятьсот (devjat-sot)

1000

тысяча (tysächa)

2000

две тысячи (dve tysächi)

1,000,000

million (million)

1,000,000,000

miliard (billion)

1,000,000,000,000

trillion (trillion)

number _____ (train, bus, etc.)

number (nomer)

half

половина (polovina)

less

меньше (menshe)

more

больше (bolshe)

Time

now

сейчас (sejshas)

later

pot (Patom)

before

раньше (ranshe)

morning

утро (Utro / Utra)

afternoon

послеполуденное время

evening

вечер (VETŠER)

night

ночь (NOTŠ)

Time

The 24-hour clock is hardly used in Russia.

at one o'clock at night

час ночи (Chas notsi)

eight o'clock in the morning

восемь часов утра (vosjem chasov utra)

at two o'clock in the day

два часа дня (dva Chasa дня)

at six in the evening

шесть часов вечера (shest chasov vechera)

midday

полдень (Polden)

at 1 p.m.

час (Chas)

at 2 p.m.

два часа (dva Chasa)

midnight

полночь (polnoch)

Duration

In Russian, reading words affect the inflection of words. With the reading word one the basic form is used, with the reading words 2-4 a different place form and from the reading word 5 onwards the plural of this place form (genitive). Below, first the basic form, then the inflections with the words 2 (dva, dve) and five (Pjat). Even the basic form works!

_____ minutes

минута (mi-nuta); две минуты (two minutes); пять минут (Pjat minut)

_____ hours

час (Chas); два часа (dva chisa); пять часов (Pjat chisov)

_____ days

день (den); два дня (dva dnja); пять дней (Pjat dnej)

_____ weeks

неделя (ne-delja); две недели (dve ne-deli); пять неделей (Pjat ne-delej)

_____ month / month

месяц (mesjats); два месяца (dva mesjatsa); пять месяцев (Pjat mesjatsev)

_____ year / year

год (god); два года (dva goda); пять лет (Pjat LET)

Days

today

сегодня (sevodnja)

yesterday

вчера (VTŠERA)

tomorrow

завтра (zavtra)

this week

на этой неделе (na etoj nedele)

last week

на прошлой неделе (na proshlaj nedele)

next week

на следующей неделе (na sledushej nedele)

Monday

понедельник (panidelnik)

Tuesday

вторник (ftornik)

Wednesday

среда (sreda)

Thursday

chetverg

Friday

пятница (pjätnitsa)

Saturday

суббота (subota)

Sunday

воскресенье (vaskrisenje)

Months

January

январь (janvar)

February

февраль (fevral)

March

март (Mart)

April

апрель (Aprel)

May

май (maj)

June

июнь (ijun)

July

июль (ijul)

August

August (Avgust)

September

сентябрь (sentäbr)

October

октябрь (oktäbr)

November

ноябрь (najäbr)

December

декабрь (dekabr)

Colors

black

чëрный (tchornyj)

white

белый (Belyj)

gray

cерый (seryj)

red

красный (Krasnyj)

blue

синий (sinij)

yellow

жëлтый (zholtyj)

green

green (blue-jony)

Orange

оранжeвый (o-ranzhevyj)

violet

фиолетовый (fio-letovyj)

brown

коричневый (karichnevyj)

pink

розовый (rozovyj)

Transport

Place names

America

America

Canada

Canada

Denmark

Denmark

Estonia

Эстония

Finland

Финляндия (Finland)

France

France (France)

Germany

Германия

Japan

Япония

Norway

Norway

Russia

Russia

Spain

Испания

Swedish

.Веция

U.S.

Соединённые Штаты Америки

Copenhagen

Copenhagen

London

London

Paris

Paris

Peter

Saint Petersburg

Stockholm

Стокгольм

Bus and train

How much does the ticket cost _____?

Does the school have a ticket?

One ticket _____, please.

один билет, пожалуйста

Where does this train / bus go?

What is the idea of ​​†‹вЂ‹ поезд / автобус?

Where is the _____ train / bus?

Где ____ поезд / автобус?

Does this train / bus stop at _____?

Останавливается этот поезд / автобус в _____?

When does the _____ train / bus leave?

Is it ____ поезд / автобус отправляется?

When does this train / bus arrive _____?

Do you want to buy / buy?

Instructions

How do I get _____ ?

как дoeхaть дo genetiivi (Kak da-jehat da ...)

... to the train station?

вокзала (vagzala)

... to the bus station?

автобусной станции (avtobusnaj stantsii)

... to the airport?

aeroport (aeroporta)

... downtown?

center (center)

... a hostel?

Молодежных хостелей (Maladozhnyh hostels)

... to a _____ hotel?

gastritis (gastinitsy)

... US / Canadian / Australian / British Consulate?

Where is a lot ...

Do you want to spend time ...? (Gde mozhna na-iti mnoga ...)

... hotels?

gostinits

... restaurants?

restaurant (restaurant)

... bars?

баров (barov)

... attractions?

достопримечательностей (dostoprimechatelnostei)

Can you show on the map?

Do you want to buy a card? (Can you view the map?)

Street

Street (ulitsa)

Turn left.

поверните налево (pavernite na-leva)

Turn right.

поверните направо (pavernite na-prava)

left

левый (record)

right

правый (pravyj)

on the left

влево (vleva)

right

вправо (vprava)

ahead

дальшe (dalshe)

per _____

к ____ (k) (dative)

_____ is over

mima (genitive)

before _____

прежде (prezhde) (genitive)

Beware of _____.

предосторожности

intersection

перекресток (eg street intersection), узел

north

sever

South

юг

east

восток (Vostok)

west

запад

rise

downhill

Taxi

Taxi!

Taxi! (Taxi!)

_____, thank you.

___, пожалуйста. (pazhalusta)

How much does it cost to go _____

Сколько стоит до ...? (Skolko stoit da ...? Genetiivi)

There, thank you.

Давайте туда, пожалуйста. (Davajte tu-da, pazhalusta.)

Accommodation

Do you have any vacancies?

Do you want to have a number?

How much would there be room for one / two people?

Is there a number of items for the entire school / for the second time?

Does the room come with ...

Будет ли в комнате?

... sheets?

простыни

...bathroom?

ванная

...phone?

телефон

...TV?

Телевизор

Can I see the room first?

Могу ли я сначала посмотреть номер?

Do you have anything quieter?

Do you want to go to work?

... bigger?

больше

... cleaner?

чище

...cheaper?

дешевле

I'll take it.

Я возьму его.

I will stay _____ nights.

Я буду ночевать _____ ночей.

Can you suggest another hotel?

Do you want to get a job?

Do you have a safety box?

Do you want to know the history of Greece?

... safety boxes?

сейф?

Is breakfast / dinner included in the price?

Входит завтрак / ужин в цену?

What time is breakfast / dinner?

Во сколько завтрак / ужин?

Please clean my room.

Please contact us for more information.

Can you wake me up at _____?

Вы можете разбудить меня в ____?

I'd like to log out.

If you are interested in the number / value.

Monetary

Do you accept euros?

Do you want to eat? (are you praying evra?)

Do you accept American dollars?

Do you want to make amateurs?

Can I pay with credit card?

Я могу заплатить кредитной картой?

Can you exchange money?

Do you want to spend time? (U vas mozhna paminjat dengi?)

Where can I exchange money?

Do you want to go to work? (Gde and Magu mention dengi?)

Can you exchange traveler's checks?

How much do you think about the Czech Republic?

Where can I exchange traveler's checks?

Do you want to go to the Czech Republic?

What is the exchange rate?

Какой обменный курс? (Kakoj abmenni kurs?)

Where is

Где

Eating

Table for one / two please.

Стол для одного / двух, спасибо.

Menu, please?

Можно меню?

Can I see the kitchen?

Можно посмотреть на кухню?

Do you have local specialties?

Do you want to have a special science?

I am vegetarian.

Я вегетарианец / вегетарианка.

I don't eat pork.

I do not have a gift.

I don't eat beef.

Я не ем говядину.

Can you make it light?

meal of the day

бизнес-ланч

a la carte

порционные

breakfast

завтрак (zaftrak)

lunch

обед

supper

ужин

May I have _____.

Можно ____

May I have something with _____.

Можно ____ с ____ (instrumental)?

chicken

курица (criminal)

beef

говядина

reindeer

олень

fish

рыба (riba)

salmon

форель, лосось

herring

сельдь

Baltic herring

селедка

ham

ветчина

sausage

колбаса

cheese

сыр (sir)

lay eggs

яйца

salad

salad (salad)

sausage sandwich

бутерброд с колбасой

cheese sandwich

бутерброд с сыром

bread

хлеб (hleb)

toast

Тост

noodles

лапша

rice

rice (Rice)

beans

фасоль

May I have a glass _____?

Можно стакан ___

May I have a cup of _____?

Можно чашечку ___

May I have a bottle of _____?

Можно бутылку ___

coffee

coffee (coffee)

tea

чаю (chaju); in basic form чай (chaj)

juice

сока (soka)

mineral water

минеральной воды (mineral Voj); in basic form минеральная вода (mineralnaja Vada)

water

воды (vady); in basic form вода (Vada)

The waiter always asks if the customer wants water still (без газа, bez Gaza "gas-free") or bubbling (с газом, z gazom "gas-free").

beer

piva (piva); in basic form пиво (piva)

red / white wine

красного / белого вина (krasnava / belava vina); in basic form красное / белое вино (Krasnoe / Beloe vino)

NOTE. Words need to be bent if you are asking for a certain amount of product, e.g. glass juice. If you simply ask for juice, there is no need to bend the word. Thus, when requesting or ordering something, one can also say only Можно (mozhno) in the basic form of the product, as below.

May I have _____?

Можно ____?

salt

соль

pepper

перец

butter

масло

Excuse me, waitress?

Извините, oфициант?

I'm ready.

Я готов / готова.

Delicious.

Вкусно.

Can you clear the table?

Do you want to go to the store?

Check please.

Счет, пожалуйста.

Waiters are commonly referred to as girls (девушка, devushka) or young gentlemen (молодой человек, maladoj chilavek) by the official waitress word (официант, официантка; [male] waitress, [female] waitress).

Bars

Do you sell alcohol?

Are you an alcoholic?

Do you have table service?

Do you want to go to the store?

One beer / two beers please.

Одно пиво / два пива, пожалуйста.

Glass of red / white wine please.

Бокал красного / белого вина, пожалуйста.

One pint please.

Одна кружка, пожалуйста.

One bottle please.

Одна бутылка, пожалуйста.

_____-_____, thank you.

____-____, persuaded.

whiskey

виски

vodka

водки

rum

roma

water

воды

soda water

содовой

tonic water

тоника

orange juice

апельсинового сока

cola

колы

Do you have snacks?

Do you know what to do?

One more, please.

Еще один / одну, пожалуйста.

Second round, please.

Повторите, пожалуйста.

What time do you close?

Вакокое время вы закрываетесь?

Shopping

Do you have this in my size?

Are you going to get a big picture?

How much does this cost?

Does the school go to work?

It is too expensive.

Это слишком дорого.

How about _____?

What is _____?

expensive

дорогой

cheap

дешевый

I can't afford it.

If you do not want to change it.

I don't want that.

Я не хочу его.

You're cheating on me.

They will be sold.

I'm not interested.

Мне это не ентересно

Good, I'll take it.

Хорошо, я беру это.

Can I have a plastic bag?

Do you want to have a pillow?

Do you also send goods (abroad)

Do you want to go to the store?

I need...

Нне нужна.

... toothpaste.

зубная паста

... toothbrush.

зубная щетка

... tampons.

tampons

... soap.

мыло

... shampoo.

шампунь

... painkiller.

болеутоляющие средства

... a flu medicine.

лекарства от гриппа

... stomach medicine.

лекарства от желудка

... razor blade.

Лезвие бритвы

... umbrella.

зонтик

... sunscreen.

крем от загара

... postcard.

Открытка

... stamps.

почтовая марка

... batteries.

батарейки

... stationery.

бумага для письма

... a pen.

авторучка

... books in Finnish.

книги на финском языке

... Finnish language magazines.

журналы на финском языке

... a Finnish-language newspaper.

газеты на финском языке

... English-Finnish dictionary.

английско-финский словарь

Driving

I would like to rent a car.

Я бы хотел арендовать машину.

Can I get insurance?

Могу я получить страховку?

stop

стоп

one-way

односторонний

give way / 'triangle'

уступить дорогу / "треугольник"

no parking

остановка запрещена

speed limit

ограничение скорости

gas station

заправочная станция

petrol

бензин

Diesel

дизель

Bureaucracy

I have not done anything wrong.

Я ничего плохого не делал (а) (Ja nitšego plohogo ne delal (a)

It was a misunderstanding.

Where are you spending me?

How are you going? (Kuda vi menja vedete)

Am I under arrest?

Я орестован? (And orestovan?)

I am a Finnish citizen.

Я гражданин Финляндиии. (Ja grazdanin 'Finljandii)

I want to talk about Finland / EU

with the embassy:

I want to talk to a lawyer.

Can I just pay the fines now?

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