 | |
| capital | Astana |
| currency | Tenge (KZT) |
| population | 16,402,861 (as of July 2009) |
| Power Systems | 220V/50Hz, European plug |
| country code | 7 |
| Time zone | UTC 5 to UTC 6 |
| Language | Kazakh (Official and common language) 64.4%, Russian (Official language) 95% (2001 est.) |
| Emergency call | 112, 101 (fire department), 102 (police agency), 103 (emergency medical service) |
| Driving direction | right |
| Edit on Wikidata | |
Republic of Kazakhstan（Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы / Qazaqstan Respwblïkası), abbreviatedKazakhstan, The name of the country is taken from its largest ethnic group, the Kazakh tribe, which spans Asia and Europe, mainly in the northern part of Central Asia, and part of its territory is in Europe. The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, which was one of the republics of the Soviet Union before independence, declared independence on December 16, 1991, and became a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States. It has been a member of the Turkic Parliament since 2009 and became a Shanghai Cooperation on June 15, 2001. Organize member states. The original capital was located in Almaty and moved to Astana in 1997. Kazakhstan is also a country that straddles Central Asia.
learn
Kazakhstan borders Russia to the north and west, Xinjiang to the southeast, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and other countries to the south. Kazakhstan is the second largest economy in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Its comprehensive national strength is second only to Russia, and it is a middle-to-high-income country. Possessing abundant natural resources and a strong industrial foundation; it is one of the world’s major food exporters; Kazakhstan has become a globally developing emerging economy and one of the fastest growing countries in the world; it is gradually becoming a regional power . Kazakhstan is continuously participating in and strengthening the integration of Eastern Europe with Russia and Belarus.
In the Turkic-Uighur language, "Kazakh" means: independent, a free spirit (independent; a free spirit), and it also implies the unique culture of the Eurasian nomads. "Stan" (-stan) refers to "homeland", land, and settlement, so according to this, "Kazakh" refers to the settlement of "Kazakhs". Now "Kazakhs" usually refer to the Kazakhs in the People's Republic of China, Russia, Turkey, Uzbekistan and some other regions. The creation of the title "Kazakh" (Kazakh: қазақстандық; Russian: казахстанец) includes all citizens in Kazakhstan.
On February 6, 2014, when Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev met with representatives of the people, he suggested that the name of the country should be changed from "Stan" to "Yereh". In this way, the literal meaning of the country's name in Kazakh after the change is "the country of the Kazakh." This way he can better determine the status of a regional power.
From the 3rd century BC to the 1st century BC, society emerged in Kazakh territory.
Nomadic regimes such as Wusun, Kangju, Alan, Yueban, and Dawan appeared around AD.
From the 6th to 8th centuries AD, countries such as the Turkic Khanate, Tuqishi, and Geluolu were established.
From the 8th century to the 12th century, the west and southwest, the south and the southeast joined the Khazanian Khanate, the Ugusye Protectorate, the Kimak Khanate, and the Chincha League. During the period of the Qincha League, the Qincha language influenced Europe, the Arabian Peninsula and Egypt.
In the early 13th century, joined the Golden Horde with the Tatars.
In the 15th century, it separated from the Golden Horde and established the Kazakh Khanate.
At the beginning of the 16th century, the Kazakhs were divided into three khanates, Dayuzi, Zhongyuzi, and Xiaoyuzi.
In the 17th century, Central Asia emerged as a powerful nomadic country-the Mongolian Junggar Khanate. Under the invasion of the Junggar Khanate, Xiaoyuzi sent a mission in September 1730 to request Russia to accept its accession to Russia; in December 1735, Yuzi also joined Russia, and Dayuzi was annexed by the Junggar Khanate. But the Junggar Khanate died in the more powerful Qing Empire in 1757, and Dayuzi became a vassal of the Qing Empire.
In the 19th century, the Qing Empire declined after the Opium War, so Russia took the opportunity to seize the land of Dayuzi in 1864. So far, the entire territory of Kazakh was owned by Russia. [5]
Independence as the Autonomous Republic of Alash on December 13, 1917.
On August 26, 1920, the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was established as part of the Russian Federation.
On April 19, 1925, the Central Asian countries were demarcated by their nationalities and renamed the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
In 1936, it was named the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and became a republic of the Soviet Union.
On October 25, 1990, a declaration of sovereignty was issued.
On December 10, 1991, it was renamed the Republic of Kazakhstan.
On December 16, 1991, independence was declared. Joined the Commonwealth of Independent States on December 21 of the same year.
Holiday
- New Year(Жаңа жыл orНовый Год, January 1-2)
- International Women's Day (Халықаралық әйелдер күніorМеждународный женский день, March 8)
- Naurez Festival (Наурыз мейрамы, March 22)
- People's Unity Day of Kazakhstan (Қазақстан халқының бірлігі мерекесіorПраздник единства народа Казахстана, May 1)
- Victory Day (Жеңіс күніorДень Победы, May 9)
- Constitution Day (Қазақстан Республикасы Конституциясы күні, August 30)
- Republic Day (Республика күніorДень Республики, October 25)
- independence Day(Тәуелсіздік күніorДень независимости, December 16)
area
| Almaty There are Tianshan Mountains, historic towns, and ancient rock paintings in the local area |
| North Kazakhstan The seat of the national capital, where there are Russian minority and industrial cities |
| Muyunkum Ancient desert city,Silk roadMust pass |
| Altai Remote and beautiful mountain scenery |
| Caspian Basin Beautiful beaches with the Caspian Sea and a major oil industry town |
| Central Plateau Endless and sparsely populated grassland |
city
Other destinations
arrival
Aviation 
Kazakhstan has international flights connecting cities in different countries.
railway
The Kazakh railway has a history of more than 100 years. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Kazakh has a total length of 13,600 kilometers of railway. Kazakhstan has regular flights to specific countries, such as Turkmenistan, Iran, China, Russia, etc.
Private car
bus
Passenger ship 
The country andBakuwithAktauThere are cargo ship connections between them, so you can also hitchhike on board.
transportation
Language
KazakhwithRussian languageAll are the official languages of Kazakhstan. Two languages are also taught in local schools, so most Kazakhs understand both languages. In addition, many young people, government and airport personnel also speak English, so as long as they can speak one of the three languages mentioned above, there is no problem. However, if you do not speak Kazakh or Russian, it may be difficult to travel in backward areas.