German phrasebook - 德语会话手册

German-speaking area. Dark orange: mother tongue; light orange: middle school language or unofficial; orange side: German minority

German(Deutsch) is a language belonging to the West Germanic branch of the Germanic family of Indo-European languages. The formation of the common German standard language can be traced back to Martin Luther's Bible translation. German is the mother tongue spoken by more than 100 million people. It was initially used in Germany, Austria, northern Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, South Tyrol, Italy, a small part of Belgium, part of Poland, and part of Alsace in France. In addition, in the colonies of these countries, for example, Namibia has a large population of German-speaking people. In some countries in Eastern Europe, there are still a small number of German-speaking minorities.

German alphabet

In addition to the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, German has four other letters:

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZÄÖÜ(ẞ)
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzäöüß

Pronunciation guide

The pronunciation of German is not uniform. The following are mainly the standard German used in Germany.

stress

The accents of German words are not very regular. In most casesstemofsyllableAccented (such as'Spra-che, language), but sometimesPrefixPrefix) (Like'Aus-spra-che, pronounced) orsuffixSuffix) (Such as Bä-cke-'rei, bakery) is accented. If a word is composed of multiple words, then the first component of the word will be accented.foreign wordThe accent of is generally emphasized according to the word in its original language. The accented syllables are generally pronounced louder. If the syllable isLong toneIf this is the case, this syllable is often deliberately prolonged.

tone

German sentences have a falling tone, a rising tone and a flat tone. The falling tone is generally used in affirmative sentences. The rising tone is generally used in question sentences. Leveling is generally used inMain clausewithAdverbbetween.

Vowel (vowel)

Standard German has 8 vowel (vowel) letters and 15 vowel phonemes:[aː][a][iː][ɪ][oː][ɔ][uː][ʊ][eː][ɛ][øː][œ][yː][ʏ]with[ɛː][ɛː]There is no short tone.

consonant

Standard German has 25 consonant phonemes.

 BilabialLabialdentalAlveolarRetrogingival soundHard palatalVelarUvulaGlottis
Stopp  b t  d  k  g ʔ¹
Affricate p͡ft͡st͡ʃ  d͡ʒ    
fricative f  vs  zʃ  Ʒçxχ  ʁh
nasalm n  ŋ  
Near tone ʋl j   
vibrato  r   ʀ 

List of Conversational Terms

Basic terms

Common signs

open
Offen, Geöffnet
closure
Geschlossen
Entrance
Eingang
Export
Ausgang
push
Drücken
pull
Ziehen
toilet
WC, Toilette(n)
male
Herren, Männer
Female
Damen, Frauen
No Entry
Kein Eingang
Hello.
Guten Tag. (GOO-ten tahk
Hi.
Hallo. (Hallo
Are you OK? (formal)
Wie geht es Ihnen? (Vee gate s eenen?
How are you? (Informal)
Wie geht's? (vee GATES?
fine thanks.
Gut, danke. (goot, DAN-keh
What is your name? (formal)
Wie heißen Sie? (vee HIGH-sun zee?
What is your name? (Informal)
Wie heißt du? (vee HIGHST doo?
my name is______.
Ich heiße ______. (eesh HIGH-suh _____.
happy to see you.
Freut mich. (
Please.
Bitte. (BEE-tuh
thanks.
Danke. (DAN-kuh
You're welcome.
Bitte schön! (BEE-tuh shurn
Yes.
Ja. (yah
no.
Nein. (nine
Excuse me. (Get attention
Entschuldigen Sie. (ent-SHOOL-dee-gun zee
excuse me. /Excuse me. (ask for forgiveness
Entschuldigung. (ent-SHOOL-dee-goong
sorry.
Tut mir leid. (toot meer lite
goodbye.
Auf wiedersehen. (owf VEE-dur-zane
goodbye. (Informal
Tschüss. (CHUS
I don't speak German. [Not well said].
Ich kann nicht [so gut] deutsch sprechen. (eesh kahn nikht [zo goot] doytsh shprekhen
Do you speak Chinese?
Sprechen Sie Chinesisch? ( ?
Does anyone here speak Chinese?
Gibt es jemand, der Chinesisch sprechen kann? ( ?
Help!
Hilfe! (HEEL-fuh
Beware!
Vorsicht! ( !
Good morning.
Guten Morgen. (GOO-tun MOR-gun
good evening.
Guten Abend. (GOO-tun AH-bunt
Good night.
Gute Nacht. (GOO-tuh nakht
I do not understand.
Ich verstehe das nicht. (eesh fur-SHTAY-uh dahs nikht
Where is the toilet?
Wo ist die Toilette? (voh eest dee twah-LET-uh

problem

Do not bother me.
Bitte nicht stören. ( .
Do not touch me!
Nicht berühren! ( !
I am going to the police.
Ich rufe die Polizei. ( .
police!
Polizei! ( !
stop! There is a thief!
Halt! Dieb! ( ! !
I need your help.
Ich brauche deine Hilfe. ( .
It's an emergency.
Es ist Notfall. ( .
I'm lost.
Ich bin verloren. ( .
My bag is lost.
Ich habe meine Tasche verloren. ( .
I lost my wallet.
Ich habe meinen Geldbeutel verloren. ( .
I feel uncomfortable.
Ich bin krank. ( .
I'm injured.
Ich bin verletzt. ( .
I need a doctor.
Ich brauche einen Arzt. ( .
Can I borrow your phone?
Darf ich dein Handy benutzen? ( ?

number

0
null (
1
eins (
2
zwei (
3
drei (
4
vier (
5
fünf (
6
sechs (
7
sieben (
8
acht (
9
neun (
10
zehn (
11
elf (
12
zwölf (
13
dreizehn (
14
vierzehn (
15
fünfzehn (
16
sechzehn (
17
siebzehn (
18
achzehn (
19
neunzehn (
20
zwanzig (
21
einundzwanzig (
22
zweiundzwanzig (
23
dreiundzwanzig (
30
dreißig (
40
vierzig (
50
fünfzig (
60
sechzig (
70
siebzig (
80
achtzig (
90
neunzig (
100
(ein)hundert (
200
zweihundert (
300
dreihundert (
1,000
(ein)tausend (
2,000
zweitausend (
1,000,000
eine Million (
1,000,000,000
eine Milliarde (
1,000,000,000,000
eine Billion (
Line/Number_____ (train, subway, bus, etc.)
Nummer/Linie _____ (
half
halb (
less
weniger (
More
mehr (

Ordinal

Written by adding a dot after the number

1.
erster (ayr-stayr)
2.
zweiter (tsvigh-tayr)
3.
dritter (dri-tayr)
4.
vierter (feer-tayr)
5.
fünfter (fuunf-tayr)
20.
zwanzigster (TSVAHN-tsikhs-tayr)
100.
(ein)hundertster ([ighn]-HOON-dert-stayr)
101.
(ein)hunderterster ([ighn]-HOON-dert-ayr-stayr)

time

now
jetzt
Later
danach, später, hinterher
Before
bevor
Morning/morning
Morgen/ Vormittag
afternoon
Nachmittag
evening
Abend
night(Before going to bed
Nacht

Clock time

1 o'clock in the morning
2 o'clock in the morning
noon
Mittag
1 pm
(Nachmittag 1 Uhr
2pm
(2 Uhr Nachmittag
midnight
Mitternacht

period

_____Minute
(Minute
_____Hour
Stunde
_____sky
Tag
_____week
Woche
_____moon
Monate
_____year
(Jahr

day

Nowadays
jetzt
yesterday
gestern
tomorrow
morgen
This week
dieser Woche
Last week
letzte Woche
next week
nächste Woche
Sunday
Sonntag
Monday
Montag
Tuesday
Dienstag
Wednesday
Mittwoch
Thursday
Donnerstag
Friday
Freitag
Saturday
Samstag

moon

January
Januar
February
Februar
March
März
April
April
May
Mai
June
Juni
July
Juli
August
August
September
September
October
Oktober
November
November
December
Dezember

Write time and date

colour

black
schwarz
White
weiß
Ash
grau
Red
rot
Blue
blau
yellow
gelb
green
grün
Orange
orange
purple
violett
Brown
braun

transportation

Passenger car and train

How much is a ticket to _____?
(Wieviel kostet eine Karte?
A ticket to ..., please.
(Geben Sie mir eine Karte, bitte!
Where does this train/bus go?
Wohin fährt der Zug/Bus?
Where is the train/bus to _____?
(Wo ist der Zug/Bus nach_____?
Does this train/bus stop at _____?
()
What time does the train/bus to _____ leave?
(Wann fährt der Zug/Bus ab?
When can this train/bus arrive at _____?
(Wann fährt der Zug/Bus an?)

position

How do I get to _____?
(Wie kann ich nach _____________?
...train station?
(Bahnhof
...bus station?
(Busbahnhof
...Airport?
Flughafen
...city center?
(Stadtzentrum
...Youth Hotel?
Jungendsherberg
..._____hostel?
Hotel
...Macau/Taiwan/Hong Kong/Singapore/Chinese Embassy/Office?
Where are there more...
...hostel?
Hotel
...Restaurant?
(Restaurant
...bar?
Bar
...Sightseeing spots?
Sehenswürdigkeit
Can you show me on the map?
Können Sie dort mir auf der Karte zeigen?
Street
(Straße
Turn left.
links abbiegen
Turn right.
(Rechts abbiegen
Left
(Links
right
rechts
straight
(Geradeaus
near_____
(Neben
go through_____
(Durch
Before _____
vor
Please note_____.
crossroads
kreuzung
North
Norden
South
Süd
East
Osten
West
Westen
Uphill
Bergauf
downhill
Bergab

taxi

taxi!
Taxi!
Please take me to _____.
(Bringen Sie mir nach_____, bitte!
How much is it to _____?
Wieviel kostet?
Please take me there.
Bringen Sie mir dort, bitte!

stay

Do you have any rooms available?
Haben Sie ein Zimmer?
How much is a single/double room?
The room has...
...The sheets?
...To the toilet?
...Phone?
...TV?
Can I take a look at the room first?
Is there a quieter room?
...Bigger...
...Cleaner...
...cheaper...
Okay, I want this room.
I stay _____ night.
Can you recommend another hotel?
Do you have a safe?
...A locker?
Does it include breakfast/dinner?
What time is breakfast/dinner?
Please clean up the room.
Can you wake me up at _____?
I want to check out.

currency

Can MOP/HKD/Renminbi/Singapore Dollar/New Taiwan Dollar be used?
Can USD/EUR/GBP be used?
Can RMB be used?
Can I use a credit card?
Can you exchange foreign currency for me?
Where can I exchange foreign currency?
Can you exchange traveler's checks for me?
Where can I redeem traveler’s cheques?
What's the exchange rate?
Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)?

Dining

One-person/two-person table, thank you.
Can I see the menu?
Can I go into the kitchen and have a look?
Do you have any signature dishes?
Do you have any local specialties?
I am a vegetarian.
I don't eat pork.
I don't eat beef.
I only eat kosher food.
Can you make it lighter? (Require less vegetable oil/butter/lard
Fixed price package
Order according to the menu
breakfast
Lunch
afternoon tea
dinner
I want_____.
I want dishes with _____.
Chicken/chicken
beef
fish
Ham
sausage
cheese
egg
salad
(fresh vegetables
(fresh fruits
bread
Toast
Noodle
rice
beans
Can you give me a glass _____?
Can you give me a glass of _____?
Can you give me a bottle of _____?
coffee
Tea
juice
(Bubbles) water
(Normal) water
beer
Red/white wine
Can you give me some _____?
Salt
Black pepper
butter
Is there water? (Get the attention of the waiter
I'm finished.
Really delicious.
Please clean up these plates.
Pay the bill.

bar

Do you sell alcohol?
Is there a bar service?
A glass of beer or two, please.
Please have a glass of red/white wine.
Please have a pint.
Please have a bottle.
Please come _____(Spirits)add_____ (Cocktail drink)。
whisky
Vodka
rum
water
wasser
soda water
Tonic Water
Orange juice
Cola(Soda
Do you have any snacks?
Please have another glass.
Please have another round.
When does business end?
cheers!
Prost

Shopping

Do you have the size I wear?
how much is this?
That's too expensive.
You can accept_____(price)?
expensive
Cheap
I can not afford it.
I don't want it.
You are deceiving me.
I'm not interested in.
Okay, I bought it.
Can you give me a bag?
Do you deliver goods (to overseas)?
I need to...
...toothpaste.
...A toothbrush.
...Tampons.
...Soap.
...shampoo.
...painkiller. (Such as aspirin or ibuprofen
...Cold medicine.
...Gastrointestinal medicine.
... (
...The razor.
...An umbrella.
...Sunscreen.
...A postcard.
...stamp.
...Battery.
...stationery.
...A pen.
...Chinese book.
...Chinese magazine.
...A Chinese newspaper.
...A Chinese dictionary.

drive

I want to rent a car.
Can I get insurance?
stop(Road sign
one way lane
Yield
No Parking
Speed ​​limit
Gas station
gasoline
diesel fuel

authorities

Most police officers in Germany, Austria and Switzerland speak English. Even if you have some functions in Germany, you may still have to stick to English just in case you make a mistake.

I did nothing bad.
Ich habe nichts getan. (eesh HAH-buh nikhts guh-TAHN
That is a misunderstanding.
Das war ein Missverständnis. (dahs vahr ighn MEES-fayr-shtand-nees
Where are you taking me?
Wohin bringen Sie mich? (VOH-hin BRING-uhn zee meekh?
Am I arrested?
Bin ich verhaftet? (been eekh fayr-HAHF-tut?
I am a citizen of Macau/Taiwan/Hong Kong/Singapore/China.
Ich bin Macao/Taiwan/Hongkong/Singapur/China Staatsbürger. (eekh been Ma-cao/Tai-wan/Hong-kong/Sing-a-pur/Chi-na SHTAHTS-buur-gurr
I want to contact Macau/Taiwan/Hong Kong/Singapore/Chinese Embassy/Office.
Ich will mit Macao/Taiwan/Hongkong/Singapur/China Sprechen/Büro. (eekh veel meet dayr/dame Ma-cao/Tai-wan/Hong-kong/Sing-a-pur/Chi-na SHPREKH-uhn/Buu-ro
I want to talk to a lawyer.
Ich will mit einem Anwalt sprechen. (eekh veel meet IGH-nem AHN-vahlt SHPREKH-uhn
Can I just pay the fine now?
Kann ich jetzt einfach eine Strafe zahlen? (kahn eekh yetst IGHN-fakh igh-nuh SHTRAH-fe TSAH-len?
Notice: To be sure, trying to bribe officials will get you into real trouble.
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