 | |
| capital | Lisbon |
| currency | Euro (€) |
| population | 10,084,245 (estimated as of July 2002) |
| Power Systems | 230V/50Hz (European plug) |
| country code | 351 |
| Time zone | UTC |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Emergency call | 112 |
| Driving direction | right |
| Edit on Wikidata | |
Portuguese Republic（Portuguese: República Portuguesa), commonly known asPortugalorPortugal(Portuguese: Portugal, known as Francois in the Ming Dynasty of China, and Macau has a translation of the Republic of Portugal), is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe, and its international code is PT. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south, and Spain to the north and east; Cape Roca, west of the capital Lisbon, is the westernmost point of the European continent. In addition to the mainland of Europe, the Azov and Madeira Islands in the Atlantic are also Portuguese territories. In the 16th century, it was a colonial empire that influenced the world and an important maritime power. It played a huge role in the era of great navigation. Before the transfer of sovereignty in 1999, Macau was ruled by Portugal from 1553 to 1999.
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history
Portugal has been inhabited by peoples since prehistoric times. In the first millennium BC, the Phoenicians and Carthaginians came to Portugal, where they met the Celts who crossed the Pyrenees and entered the Iberian Peninsula. nationality. In the following centuries, the peninsula was ruled by the Romans, Suviers, and Visigoths; however, the history of Portugal can be said to have started only from the Muslim invasion in 711. During the regaining movement, Portugal became an independent Christian kingdom in 1139. In the 15th and 16th centuries, he was a pioneer in the Age of Geographic Discovery and established the first empire spanning the globe, from South Africa to Africa and to the Far East. The collapse of the empire in the 19th century and Brazil's independence in 1822 dealt a severe blow to Portuguese power and prestige. After the revolution that ended the monarchy in 1910, Portugal went through a series of days of military domination and dictatorship, and finally held democratic elections in 1975. The enactment of the new constitution in 1976 and the membership of the European Economic Community in 1986 ensured that the country maintains an advanced democratic system. The biggest fallacy against Portugal is that it is an outpost on the European frontier. This argument comes from the words of American journalist Richard Harding Davis. He said, “Portugal is a high mountain with a white observation deck on it. The signal flag floats at the top of the observation deck. There seems to be a person living on it. He lives in a long row of yellow houses with red roofs, and the flock of sheep keeps balance on the mountainside like acrobats." However, with its rich history and culture, as well as being one of the most globalized countries in the world, Portugal's status is far more than that.
geography
Today Portugal occupies part of the Iberian Peninsula in Europe and two islands in the Atlantic Ocean: Madeira and the Azores. Although its territory is not vast, its topography is very diverse, from lowlands along the coast to rolling plains to the Estrela Mountains, which are located in the south with an altitude of up to 6,500 feet. The Azov Islands are located 1019 miles west of Lisbon, straddling the Mid-Atlantic Ridge; Madeira is 605 miles southwest of Lisbon. There are three rivers originating in the Meseta Plateau in central Spain, and then flowing through Portugal into the Atlantic Ocean; they are the Douluo River in the north, the Targas River in the center, and the Guadiana River which flows along the southeast border.
Because humans have lived in this area for thousands of years, there is little living space for primitive animals and plants. The most famous plants are several different pine and oak trees. There are mammals and birds common in the Iberian Peninsula in Portugal. But on the other hand, the waters of Portugal have the most abundant biological species in the world, with thousands of different species of fish, including several species of sardines, tuna and mackerel.
climate
Portugal’s climate is of Mediterranean type. Although the temperature on the mountain is low, it is already one of the warmest countries in Europe. The average annual rainfall varies from place to place, such as 118 inches in the northern mountains, and less than 12 inches in the Douluo River Basin. The climate on the archipelago is a temperate oceanic climate, but compared to the Azovs, Madeira is drier.
festival
- New Year（Ano Novo), January 1
- Carnival（Carnaval), February 28
- Easter（Páscoa), on the first Sunday after the full moon every year
- Free day（Dia da Liberdade), April 25
- Labor day（Dia do Trabalhador), May 1
- Portugal Day, Cameos Day and Portuguese Overseas Chinese Day（Dia de Camões, Portugal e das Comunidades Portuguesas, Also calledNational Day), June 10
- Feast of Saint Anthony, June 13th only applies toLisbon
- Assumption of Mary（Assunção de Nossa Senhora), August 15
- Feast of Saint John the Baptist, June 24, only applicable toPorto
- Republic Day（Dia da República), October 5
- All Saints' Day（Dia de Todos-os-Santos), November 1
- Restoration of Independence Day（Dia da Restauração), December 1
- Feast of the Immaculate Conception（Imaculada Conceição), December 8
- Christmas Eve（Noite de Natal), December 24
- Christmas（Natal), December 25
area
| Northern Portugal The historical area considered to be the birthplace of the nation, including the second largest cityBodo. The region is famous for its wines, with stepped grape cultivation on the steep slopes of the Douluo Valley. And in the remote mountainous areaMogadorThere are prehistoric archaeological sites in the surrounding area. |
| Central Portugal Including one of the oldest universities in EuropeCoimbraOf the pilgrimage siteFatima, And the Estrela Mountains, the highest peak in mainland Portugal. The main wine producing areas are Bairrada and Dão. The area also includes Portugal’s longest local river Mondego, the coast of Extremadura, and aVilla Formoso(Vilar Formoso) The road into Spain and the rest of Europe. . |
| Lisbon Region TagusThe estuary and the surrounding Atlantic coast are densely populated areas, not only the capital and the largest cityLisbon, Including other famous sightseeing spotsSintra、Cascais. And can be accessed from the west side of the cityApril 25th BridgeOr 12 kilometers on the east sideVasco da Gama BridgeTo the south coastMontijo、Barreiro、Setuba、PalmelaAnd the beach resort of Tróia. |
| Alentejo This place is also known as the "outside the Tagus" area. It is relatively sparsely populated. It is the warmest and flattest area in Portugal. The capital is listed as a World Cultural Heritage.Evora. Most areas are rural areas with a slow pace of life, with large farms spread across rolling prairies, cork oak forests, and olive groves. In addition, there are some archaeological sites of Celtic Iberian and Lusitanian culture. |
| Algarve South of Portugal with sun and sand. In the 15th century, Prince Enrique was in the most southwestern corner of EuropeSagresThe establishment of the world's first maritime school, observatory, library, port and shipyard laid the foundation for Portugal to become a maritime hegemon in the future. |
| Azores Located in the Atlantic Ocean, 1,300 kilometers away from the mainland of Portugal, the volcanic archipelago, of which the island of PicoPico MountainIt is the highest mountain in Portugal. The main industry here is tourism, followed by plantation, dairy farming, animal husbandry and fishery. |
| Madeira Subtropical archipelago, composed of two densely populated islands-MadeirawithPorto Santo, And two other sparsely populated islands. |
city
- Lisbon: The largest city in Portugal.
Other destinations
arrival
aviation
railway
Private car
bus
The time and price of cars can be checked on the website of Rede-Expressos, a common local car company in Portugalhttp://www.rede-expressos.pt/
Passenger ship
Travel around
Language
The official language of Portugal is Portuguese, but the popularity of English is very high in Portugal. And most young people can speak Spanish.