Long March - 长征

This entry is aTravel route。
Long March roadmap

Long MarchFrom October 1934 to October 1936, the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army led by the Communist Party of China, the Red First Army (Central Red Army), the Red Second Army, the Fourth Red Army and the Red Twenty-Fifth Army started from the Central Soviet Area and the Southern Soviet Area. Transfer, finally arrived and gathered in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Soviet area. The Red Army traveled more than 20,000 li, also known as the 25,000 li Long March, during which it passed through 11 provinces, climbed over 18 mountains, crossed 24 rivers, walked over uninhabited grasslands, and over rolling snow-capped mountains. The journey is 25,000 miles.

Central Red Army

The first ferry crossing of the Long March of the Central Red Army in Yudu, Jiangxi

Prelude

In early October 1934, Bogu and other leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to abandon the Central Soviet Area and transfer the main force of the Central Red Army and the Central Organization of the Communist Party to western Hunan to join the Red Second and Sixth Army. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese Revolutionary Military Commission led the Red Army’s main Red Army Red One, Three, Five, Eight, and Ninth Army regiments and its direct-affiliated teams with a total of more than 86,000 people.Changting、NinghuaJiangxiRuijin、XingguoWaiting forYuduCounty assembly.

  • Shazhouba，addressJiangxi ProvinceRuijin City。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • The first mountain of the Long March-Yunshi Mountain，addressJiangxi ProvinceRuijin City。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • The departure place of the Long March of the Red Ninth Army-Guanshou Gong Ancestral Hall，addressFujian ProvinceChangting County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Phoenix Mountains，addressFujian ProvinceNinghua CountyFengshan Village, Huaitu Township。IntroductionFrom October 6th to 8th, 1934, the central Red Army stationed in Huaiyang and Aimen of Ninghua was ordered to concentrate on Phoenix Mountain in Huaitu, from Phoenix Mountain to Jiangxi Shicheng and Ruijin towards Yudu (up and down in Ninghua Caofang) The rear organs of the Red 9th Army in the area of ​​Cao and Talc are assembled in the direction of Yudu via Changting and Ruijin). (Update date: December 2016)

Set off

On the evening of October 17, 1934, the agencies directly under the Central Red Army and the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Army Regiments crossed Gongshui from Yudu County, Jiangxi Province, and took the first step in the Long March.

  • The former site of the departure place of the Long March of the Central Red Army，addressJiangxi ProvinceYudu County。IntroductionIncluding Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other agencies directly under the Central Government, the Long March Ferry, the Long March Ferry of the Central Red Army, the former site of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, the site of the First Army Corps of the Central Red Army, the site of the Fifth Army Corps of the Central Red Army, and the site of the Soviet Government in Southern Jiangxi Province. On the eve of the Long March, Mao Zedong’s former residence, the former site of the Jiangnan Provincial Party Committee, and the former site of the third-level cadre meeting of Gannan Province were eight places. (Update date: December 2016)

Break through the cordon

The National Army assembled a large number of troops on the only way for the Red Army to go to western Hunan to form four blockade lines. On the evening of October 21, the Central Red ArmyGan CountyQueen Mother Crossing toXinfeng CountyThe area broke through the first blockade of the National Revolutionary Army, and all crossed the Xinfeng River on the 25th. throughChongyiMarch to Hunan. From November 5th to 8th, the Red Army broke through GuangdongBenevolenceChengkou and HunanRuchengThe second cordon between. 13th to 15th, inChenxianGood land,Yizhang、LechangBetween breaking through the third blockade, and occupying Yizhang. On November 15, the Red Army continued to advance westward and capturedLinwu、Blue Mountain、DaoxianWaiting for places; on the 25th, the Red Army all crossed Xiaoshui. From November 25 to December 2, the Central Red ArmyXing'anGuanghuapu,StatewideFoot hill shop,GuanyangThe Xinxu area fought fiercely with the national army. After paying a great price, he crossed the Xiangjiang River between Xing'an and Quanzhou and succeeded in breaking through. The Red Army passed through Guangxi after breaking throughLong ShengLaoshan Boundary crosses Yuechengling and enters HunanaisleAfter the channel meeting on December 12, they gave up going north and headed west to Guizhou.

  • The Long March of the Central Red Army broke through the second blockade monument，addressRucheng CountyQingshi Village in Guankeng Village, Yao Nationality Township, Yanshou。 (Update date: October 2017)
  • The former site of the Central Red Army Headquarters in Rucheng County，addressRucheng CountyXiushui Village, Wenming Town。 (Update date: October 2017)
  • The Long March of the Central Red Army broke through the former site of the third blockade command-the Qingbai Hall of Kwong's Ancestral Hall，addressHunan ProvinceYizhang County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Site of the Battle of Xiangjiang，addressGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionXing'an County、Quanzhou County、Guanyang County。IntroductionThe main relics include the former site of the Dujiang Command Headquarters of the central government (Sanguantang, Xiajie, Jieshou Town, Xing'an County), and the former site of the Red Army Corps Xinxu Blockade Headquarters (Jiurutang, Binjiaqiao Village, Shuiche Township, Guanyang County) , Red Army Banner Building (the former site of the Red Army's refurbishment site, Qianjia Temple, Huajiang Township, Xing'an County), the former site of the Xinxu Blockade Battlefield Rescue Station (Jiang Family Ancestral Hall, Xinxian County Liwan Village, Guanyang County), and Fenghuangzui Ferry (Zhenzhou) ), Daping Ferry (Jeonzhou), Ermeitan Ancient Battlefield (Jeonzhou), etc. (Update date: December 2016)
  • Gongcheng Academy，addressHunan ProvinceTongdao County。IntroductionOn December 12, 1934, the Central Red Army held a temporary emergency meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in the channel, the "channel meeting". Gongcheng Academy is a memorial place for the passage meeting, not where the old meeting site is located. (Update date: December 2016)

Move to the Southwest

Liping Conference Site
Zunyi Conference Site

From December 12, 1934 to April 22, 1935, the Long March of the First Army of the Red Army passed through Guizhou, which lasted 4 months and 10 days.Liping、Jinping、Jianhe、Rongjiang, Tai Gong (nowTaijiang）、Zhenyuan、Shi Bing、Huang Ping、Weng'an、Kaiyang、Yu Qing、Zunyi、Tongzi, Donghuangdian (nowXishui）、Chishui、Renhuai、Meitan、Suiyang、Fenggang, Drumming New Field (todaySands）、Xi Feng、Compose、Guiyang、Guiding、Longli, Dingfan (nowHuishui), Changzhai, Guangshun (Changzhai and Guangshun later merged intoChangshun）、Anshun、Zhenning、Guanling、Ziyun、Zhenfeng、Anlong、Xingren、Xingyi, Dading (nowGenerous), Datuchang (nowNayon）、Bijie、Water city、Pan CountyWaiting for the county. The Long March of the Central Red Army entered and exited Yunnan twice and spent 28 days in Yunnan. go throughprestige、Zhenxiong、Qiaojia, Pingyi (nowFuyuan）、Qujing、Zhanyi、Ma Long、Songming、Xundian、Xuanwei、Huize、Dongchuan、Rich people、Kunming、Luquan、Wuding、YuanmouWaiting for 17 counties.

The Central Red Army captured Guizhou on December 14Liping, Arrived in early January 1935Zunyi, The Zunyi meeting was held in Zunyi from the 15th to the 17th. After that, he crossed Chishui four times at the junction of Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan. On January 29, the Central Red Army crossed Chishui from Guizhou Yuanhouchang (now Yuanhou) and Tucheng area. The central column entered Yunnan Province in early February.Weixin County, Convene the Tashi meeting. From February 18 to 21, the Central Red Army crossed Chishui from Taipingdu, Erlangtan and other places, re-entered Guizhou, attacked Loushan Pass, and then occupied Zunyi City. From March 16th to 17th, the Central Red Army re-entered southern Sichuan from Maotai and its nearby areas Sandu Chishui. After that, he moved eastward and returned to Guizhou. From March 21 to 22, the Central Red Army crossed Chishui four times from Erlangtan, Taipingdu and other places. Then, crossing the Wujiang River south, pretending to attack Guiyang, and taking advantage of the Yunnan army's reinforcement of Guiyang, went straight into Yunnan.

On April 23, the vanguard of the Red Army Corps entered YunnanFuyuan. Since then, the main force of the Central Red Army entered Yunnan into three routes. throughZhanyi、Qujing, April 27th captured by the Red ArmyMa Longcounty seat. The Red Ninth Army advancesXuanweicounty seat. On April 28, the Chinese Revolutionary Military Commission made its first deployment to cross the Jinsha River. On May 1, the Chinese Revolutionary Military Commission adjusted its deployment across the river for the third time. The Red Army rushed towards the Jinsha River in three routes: the Red Army Corps on the left seized Yuanmou Longjiedu; the Red Army Corps on the right seized Luquan Hongmendu; the cadre regiment of the middle road seized Luquan Jiaopingdu; the fifth legion regiment behind. On May 2nd, the pioneer troops of the Red Army Corps capturedWudingCounty seat, captured by the Red Ninth ArmyHuizecounty seat. On the night of May 2, the vanguard company of the cadre regiment arrived at the Jiaoping ferry. In the early morning of the next day, the Red Army occupied the Zhongwushan ferry across the river. After that, the main force of the cadre regiment arrived and occupied Tongan, the important town between Jiaopingdu and Huili. On May 3, the Red Army Corps occupied Yuanmou County. The Red Army Corps arrived at Luquan Hongmendu. On May 4, the Central Military Commission’s column and leading organs began to cross the river from Jiaoping. As of May 9, more than 30,000 members of the Central Red Army had crossed the Jinsha River from Luquan Jiaopingdu, Hongmendu, Luchedu and Dongchuan Shujudu. The Red Ninth Army, which was responsible for covering the main force of the Red Army, was forced to act independently because the ferry was blocked, and finally reunited with the main force of the Red Army in Xichang, Sichuan.

  • Liping Conference Site，addressGuizhou ProvinceLiping CountyErlangpo。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Zunyi Conference Site，addressGuizhou ProvinceZunyi City80 Ziyin Road, Old Town, Honghuagang District。IntroductionIn early January 1935, the Long March of the Central Red Army arrived in Zunyi. From the 15th to the 17th, the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting of the Politburo here, known as the Zunyi Meeting in history. The Zunyi Conference resolved the most pressing military issues of the Red Army at that time, summarized the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" war, and initially established Mao Zedong's military leadership position, which is extremely important in the history of the Communist Party of China. (Update date: December 2016)
  • Red Army Sidu Chishui Battle Site，addressGuizhou ProvinceZunyi CityofXishui County、Renhuai, Huichuan District and Luzhou City, Sichuan ProvinceGulin County。IntroductionTucheng Ferry (tucheng town in Xishui County, including the Qingfengpo Red Army battle site, Tucheng Dageng Mountain Gate, the site of the Tucheng meeting site, the site of the Red Army Headquarters at Shizigou, Tucheng Red Army First Army The former site of the Three Army Corps headquarters, the addresses of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, the addresses of Zhu De, the Red Army's open warehouse and salt office-Tucheng Salt, the site of the Tucheng Shipbuilding Trade Union, the site of the Chunyanggang wine cellar, the address of Liu Bocheng, the Tucheng Ferry (including the monument ), a total of twelve locations), Erlangtan Ferry (Xijiu Town, Xishui County, including Erlangtan Ferry and Erlang Temple, Erlang Beach Backwater Battle Site), Moutai Ferry (Moutai Town, Renhuai City, including Luban Red Army Martyrs Tomb, Red Army Battle site, Changgang Mao Zedong's residence, Red First Corps cadre meeting site, Red Army Hospital site, Meiziao Mao Zedong's residence, Liu Bocheng drew his gun and shot crows in seven locations), Loushanguan (Huichuan District, Zunyi City, including Dianjinshan at the pass) , Xiaojianshan battle site). The old site of Gulin (including Taipingdu Ferry, Erlangtan Ferry, Taiping Town Red Army Station, Erlang Red Army Street, Shuangsha Mao Zedong and the former site of the headquarters station, Yuhua Red Army Village, Guanwenyunzhuang Sidu Chishui Battle Site, Zhenlong Mountain Rush Battlefield site, Lingshang Red Army garrison site in Jinxing Township, Red Army garrison site of Zhengfeng Temple in Dongxin Township, and 11 Red Army garrison sites in Jialugou, Tucheng Township). (Update date: December 2016)
  • Tashi Conference Site，addressYunnan ProvinceWeixin County。IntroductionYunnan Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Unit 
  • The former site of the Central Red Army Headquarters in Dangui Village，addressYunnan ProvinceXundian Hui and Yi Autonomous CountyDangui Village, Kedu Town。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Jinsha River Jiaoping Ferry，addressLuquan Yi and Miao Autonomous CountyJiaoxi Township。 (Update date: October 2017)

West Sichuan Meeting

The Catholic Church of Moses Ancient Town, the residence of Mao Zedong
Luding Bridge

On May 9, 1935, the Red Army crossed the Jinsha River and entered SichuanWill manage, On the 12th, the Central Committee held an enlarged meeting of the Politburo at the Huili Suburban Iron Plant, and decided to join the Fourth Red Army to establish a base in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. Occupy on the 17thDechang. Arrived on the 18thXichang, Arrived in Lizhou Town on the 19th, and held the Lizhou Conference on the 21st. On the 20th, the vanguard forces capturedMianning. On the evening of the 24th, we went to the south bank of the Dadu River.asbestosAnshun field. On the 25th, the Central Red Army advance team forcibly crossed the Dadu River from Anshun Field. On the 29th, the fourth regiment of the Red Second Division occupiedLuding CountyLuding Bridge, the central government held a Moxi meeting in the ancient town of Moxi. On June 2, the central government arrived at Luding City. Then crossed the Erlang Mountain to the east and occupied it on the 7th.Tianquan. Turn to the north before Feixian Pass and break throughLushan—BaoxingLine of defense. On the 12th, the leading troops of the Central Red Army overcame Jiajin Mountain. On the 13th, the center reached Qiaoqi and crossed Jiajin Mountain the next day. On the 18th, the Central Red Army was in Maogong (todayXiaojin County) Dawei Town and the Fourth Red Army will join forces. After the central government rested in Fubian, it arrived at Lianghekou on the 24th and held a meeting from the 26th to the 28th. On the 27th, the pioneer troops of the Central Red Army climbed the second Daxue Mountain (Mengbi Mountain) and arrivedMalconZhuo Keji. Crossed the third snowy mountain (Yakxia Snow Mountain) on July 2. On the 6th, we climbed the fourth snow mountain (Changde Mountain). On the 7th, climbed the fifth snowy mountain (Dagushan). August 7-14, afterSongpangrassland. The Shawo meeting was held on the 15th. On August 20, the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee held a Maoer Gai meeting. On August 26, the Baozai Campaign was launched to defeat the 49th Division of the Southern Hu Zong that blocked the Red Army's northward movement, opening the door to Gannan. September 9 in Brazil (this is theZoige County) Convene an emergency meeting of the Politburo and decide to lead the First and Third Army Corps to go north alone.

  • Moses Cathedral，addressLuding CountyAncient Town of Moses in the South。 (Update date: October 2017)
  • Luding Bridge，addressLuding County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Remains of the Long March of the Aba Red Army，addressSichuan ProvinceXiaojin County、Heishui County、Songpan County、Zoige County、Mao County、Hongyuan County。IntroductionA total of 9 locations, including Dawei Huishi Bridge (Xiaojin County), Xiaojin Catholic Church (Xiaojin County), Lianghekou Conference Site (Xiaojin County), Luhua Conference Site (Heishui County), and Maoergai Conference Site (Songpan County) ), Baozuo Battle Site (Zoergai County), Brazil Conference Site (Zoergai County), Eryuan Bridge (Mao County), Yakxia Mountain Red Army Martyrs Tomb (Hongyuan County) (Update date: December 2016)

North Shaanxi

On September 12, 1935, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee was in southern GansuDiebu CountyThe Russian community held an enlarged meeting and decided to reorganize the First and Third Army Corps and the Central Column into the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment of the Red Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants. On the 17th, the Red Army overcame the natural dangers of Lazikou. On the 18th, the vanguard advancesMin CountyHadapu (now aDangchang County), on the 21st, Mao Zedong led the central government to station in Hadapu, held a Hadapu meeting, and finally set the Shaanxi-Gansu base area as the destination. The Shaanxi-Gansu detachment went north on the 23rd and entered on the 24thZhang County, Arrived on the 25thTakeyamaYuanyang Town, crossed the Weihe River on the 26th and capturedLongxiForty lipu andTongweiBangluo Town. On the 27th, the main force arrived in Bangluo Town and held a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. The vanguard troops captured Tongwei County. On the 29th, the central government stationed in Tongwei County. Arrived in Tongweisizichuan on October 2nd. 3rd entryJingning. Arrive on the 5thLundXinglong Town, Shanjiaji (now in Ningxia)Sigi). Arrived at Zhang Yibao (now in Ningxia) on the 6thGuyuan). Over the 7thLiupanshan. Arrived in Baiyang City on the 8th (now NingxiaPengyangcounty seat). Arrived on the 10thZhenyuan. Arrived on the 11thHuan County. On the 16th, Xinglong Mountain on the border between Shaanxi and Gansu entered Papaya City in northern Shaanxi. On the 19th, the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment arrived in Wuqi Town, Baoan County (todayWu QiCounty seat), joined forces with the 15th Army of Northern Shaanxi. So far, the Long March of the Central Red Army is over.

On October 9, 1936, the First and Fourth Red Fronts joined forces in Huining, Gansu. On October 22, the First and Second Red Fronts joined forces in Jiangtaipu, Jingning County, Gansu (now part of Ningxia).Xiji County) Reunion.

  • Ruins of the Battle of Lazikou，addressDiebu CountyLazikou National Forest Park。 (Update date: October 2017)
  • Site of the Russian Conference，addressGansu provinceDiebu County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Hadapu Conference Site，addressGansu provinceDangchang County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Bangluo Town Conference Site，addressGansu provinceTongwei County。 (Update date: December 2016)
  • Wuqi Town Revolutionary Site，addressShaanxi ProvinceWuqi County。 (Update date: October 2017)
  • Huining Red Army's former site，addressGansu provinceHuining County。 (Update date: December 2016)

Red Second Front

  • The former site of the Long March of the Red Second and Sixth Army，addressHunan ProvinceSangzhi CountyLongyanyu, Liujiaping Baizu Township。IntroductionOn November 19, 1935, the Red Second and Sixth Corps set off for the Long March. (Update date: December 2016)
  • Former Site of the Long March Headquarters of the Red Second Army，addressHunan ProvinceXinhua County。 (Update date: December 2016)

Red Four Fronts

From March 28 to April 21, 1935, the Red Fourth Front Army abandoned the Sichuan-Shanxi base area, forcibly crossed the Jialing River, and advanced westward. In April, the Fourth Red Army capturedJianmenguan. On May 12th, the Red Ninth Army and the Red 30th Army marched westward from Beichuan; on the 15th, occupiedMao County; Conquer Zhangming on the 18th; Conquer on the 21stBeichuan. Then the Red Army first capturedLi County; Li Xiannian went west to Xiaojinchuan, captured Maogong, and greeted the Central Red Army. On June 13, the First Red Army and the Fourth Red Army joined forces in Dawei. On July 1, 1936, the Red Second and Fourth Front Army joined forces in Ganzi, Xikang. On October 9th, the Red First and Fourth Front Army joined forces in Huining, Gansu. On October 22, the Red First and Second Front Army joined forces in Jiangtaipu.

Red Twenty-Five Army

  • Departure of the Red Twenty-fifth Army Long March，addressHenan ProvinceLuoshan CountyHejiachong, Tiepu Township。 (Update date: December 2016)

See

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