Mexico City - Cidade do México

THE Mexico City (in Spanish: Mexico City) is the capital of Mexico and the second largest city in America. Mexico City is the capital of Mexico. It is also one of the most important cities - economically and culturally - in Latin America and the world. With a total length of about 7,815 km², it is the second largest and most populous metropolitan area in the world after Tokyo. Locally called "Mexico", "Mexico City", "DF." and "Federal District".

Districts

The city is officially divided into 16 delegations which in turn are subdivided into colonies that, in all, there are 250. However, it is easier to think of the city in terms of district to make it easier for the visitor to get around. Many old cities like Coyocán, San Angel and Tlalpan have been merged with the urban area and each one of them still manages to preserve some of its original atmosphere.

• Historic Center - Where it all begins. The city's historic center is focused on the Zócalo or Plaza de la Constitución and extends in all directions for countless blocks with its longest point being the west of Alameda Central. The Zócalo is the largest square in Latin America and the second largest in the world only behind Red Square in Moscow.

• Paseo de la Reforma - one of the main avenues, where some tourist, commercial and entertainment points meet. It connects the historic city center with the areas of Chapultepec, Polanco, and Zona Rosa and is close to the Roma-Condesa Corridor.

• Chapultepec - Chapultepec is one of the largest urban parks in the world; its name means grasshopper hill and is home to the city's main zoo, many museums and an amusement park. Lomas is the richest district in the city near Chapultepec.

• Polanco - One of the chicest residential areas and one of the most expensive stores in the city. Full of embassies, refined restaurants, nightclubs and hotels.

• Del Valle - Luxurious middle-class, financial, commercial and cosmopolitan residential area in the south of the city, with several luxury restaurants, boutiques, luxury shopping centers, prestigious hotels, etc. Within its limits is the World Trade Center Mexico.

• Zona Rosa - Best known for tourism with the Reforma district because it houses the Paseo de la Reforma avenue, it is an important business and entertainment district. There is also a large gay presence in the place.

• Coyocán - A colonial city that was swallowed up by the city and became the new intellectual district.

• Condesa e Roma - Recently revitalized after decades of oblivion, it has several trendy restaurants, bistros, nightclubs, pubs and shops.

• Del Valle - middle class residences, business area and shopping in the south of the city.

• San Angel - Colonial neighborhood in the south of the city, famous for its architecture and trendy restaurants and clubs.

• Xochimilco - Area south of the city full of canals and flowers. It has been declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

• Santa Fe - Commercial and Financial District, a cosmopolitan area with luxurious shopping centers, the most important of which is Centro Santa Fe.

• Tlalpan and Pedregal - Luxurious residential area. It has an important area of ​​hospitals.

• Bosques de Las Lomas - The most exclusive residential area in Latin America. It also has a shopping area.

Understand

The Mexico City metropolitan area is one of the largest and most populous in the world, with an estimated population of about 20 million living in the region. It has an oval shape of approximately 60 by 40 km, built on the early bed of the Texcoco River and surrounded on three sides by high mountains and volcanoes such as Ajusco, Popacatepetl and Ixtlacihuatl. Mexico City itself (with an estimated population between 8 and 9 million) is located in the Federal District (or DF), an area administered by the federation (ie, not part of any Mexican state) and is the capital of Mexico. . The rest of the metropolitan area extends beyond the State of Mexico that surrounds the Federal District on three sides.

Mexico City is divided into 16 delegations which are subdivided into approximately 250 colonies. Knowing which colony you are going to is essential to getting around, almost all residents will know where a particular colony is (however, be careful as there are several colonies with duplicate or similar names). Like many very large cities, the structure is relatively decentralized, with many parts of the city having their own miniature center. However, the real central zones are the Centro, which was part of the old city, and the Zona Rosa, the new business and entertainment district.

The city is located at 2,200 meters above sea level. Some people are not used to places at this altitude and have difficulty breathing, however the symptoms disappear after a few minutes after arrival.

Nightlife is like every other aspect of the city: it's huge. There are a large number of nightclubs, bars, restaurants and cafes as well as variations and combinations of these to choose from. There is an incredible variety, from ultra-modern lounges in Santa Fe and Reforma to dance halls with decades of history in the Center and Rome. There are also some pubs in Tlalpan and Coyoacán and nightclubs in nsurgentes, Polanco, Condesa and Zona Rosa.

When you go out, check the date as well, as this is an important indicator of how full places will usually be and how long you may have to wait before entering. Salaries are usually paid twice a month, on the 30th or 31st and the 14th or 15th. On those days or just after and when most Mexicans go out, especially if the payday falls on a weekend. In more expensive places people can go to Acapulco and travel during the summer or long holidays.

History

Mexico City's origins date back to 1325 when the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan was founded and then destroyed in 1521 by the Spanish conqueror Hernando Cortez. The city served as the capital of the Viceroyalty of New Spain until its liberation in the War of Independence in 1810. The city became the capital of the Mexican Empire in 1821 and of the Mexican Republic in 1823 following the abdication of Agustin de Iturbide. During the war between the United States and Mexico in 1847 the city was invaded by the American army. In 1864 when France invaded Mexico and Emperor Ferdinand Maximilian of Habsburg, who ruled the country from Castillo de Chapultepec, ordered the construction of Avenida da Imperatriz (today Paseo de la Rerforma). Porfirio Díaz took power in 1876 and left an impressive mark on the city with many European-style buildings such as the Palacio de Bellas Artes and the Palacio Postal. Diaz was dethroned in 1910 by the Mexican Revolution and this marked a radical change in the city's architecture. The 20th century saw an uncontrollable growth of the city beyond the Historic Center with the arrival of thousands of immigrants from the rest of the country. In 1968 the city hosted the Olympic Games and built the Aztec Stadium, the Palacio de los Deportes, the Olympic stadium and other venues. In 1985, the city suffered an earthquake measuring 8.1 on the Richter scale that destroyed several buildings in the Historic Center, Colonia Roma and other older neighborhoods.

The city sits on a lake bed that was initially filled in by the Aztecs and later by the Spaniards, which perhaps explains the flooding that takes over the city when it rains, as well as its earthquakes. As well as the history of the city center, there are many points that hold a lot of history. There are a number of ancient churches and museums in the city.

People

With a population of more than 20 million inhabitants including the greater metropolitan area, you can expect to meet every type of person in Mexico City, in terms of racial, sexual, political and economic diversity. The citizens are mostly Criollo (people of Spanish descent) and Mestizo (people of mixed Spaniards and Amerindians). Amerindians make up less than 1% of the city's population, but they are one of the main groups that keep moving in the city in search of opportunities, unfortunately they are racially discriminated against by most of society and they only find poverty and end up living in the favelas.

As a large city, it is home to many communities of foreigners such as Cubans, Americans, Jews, Chinese, Lebanese and, more recently, Argentines and Koreans.

Curiosities

• The first peoples to cultivate tomatoes in the world were the Incas and Aztecs in the year 700 BC.
• Every Mexican in Mexico City produces more than 600 grams of garbage a day (unfortunately).
• The Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) is the oldest in Latin America: it was founded in 1551.
• Founded by the Aztecs 678 years ago, we can still see pre-Hispanic remains in the temples and monuments our ancestors built.
• Mexico City is the oldest capital on the American continent, founded in 1325; the first printing press and the first library were founded in the 16th century.
• Mexico City's Plaza Mayor, our Zócalo, is the first and largest in the Hispanic world.
• Chapultepec Castle was the first castle built on the American continent.
• UNESCO declared the Historic Center and the district of Xochimilco as World Heritage Sites.
• Mexico City is the city with the highest number of museums in the world, followed by New York, London and Toronto.
• The "Paseo de la Reforma" in the historic center of Mexico, with its new floors, lighting, gardens, restored buildings, deserves to be included in the tour itinerary.
• Mexico City hosted the 1968 Olympic Games and the World Cup finals in 1970 and 1986.
• The "Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe" is the most visited Catholic Sanctuary in the world, with 15 million pilgrims a year.
• The Trolebus, the city's tourist transport, is the only one that operates for this purpose in the big cities of the world.
• Mexico City is the country's most important tourist destination, with 7.9 million national tourists and 2.3 million foreigners staying in hotels a year. It also has 620 hotels of all categories.
• Barbacoa is a Mayan word that means indirect fire cooking, barbecue in English.
• More than 10 languages ​​are spoken on the streets of Mexico City alone, including Náhuatl, Otomí, Tlaxtalteca, Mixteco, Zapoteco and others.
• According to some studies the word Mariachi comes from the French, and means marriage.
• Mexico City, capital of all Mexicans, is today more than the sum of its physical appearance, its streets and monuments, buildings and houses: it is a city undergoing renovation and full of energy.

To arrive

By airplane

• In São Paulo, by Aeromexico or Mexicana, in addition to the TAM airline that also has direct flights. With connection there are several options.

Look

• Museo Casa de León Trotsky, Av. Río Churubusco, 410, Coyoacán, tel. 52-55 5658-8732
• Chapultepec Natural History Museum, Second Section of the Forest of Chapultepec s/nº, Delegation Miguel Hidalgo, tel. 52-55 5515-2222
• Frida Kahlo's house, C/ London 247, Coyoacan, tel. 52-55 5554-5999
• National Museum of Anthropology[1], Avenida Paseo de la Reforma and Calzada Gandhi s/nº, Chapultepec Polanco, from Tuesday to Saturday, from 9 am to 7 pm, admission $48.00 M.N.

With the

Economic

There are several restaurants on 5 de Maio street that serve typical Mexican meals at prices that are not too expensive (30-50 pesos).

sleep

The city has literally hundreds of accommodations in all price ranges. The price and quality of Mexico City Hotels will vary depending on the district you wish to stay. The Zona Rosa is a tourist paradise with a strong selection of mid-priced hotels, the Polanco district is where the most expensive hotels are located and the Historic Center is home to a number of cheap hotels and backpacker hostels. A wide range of accommodation can also be found along Paseo de la Reforma.

Economic

• Hostel Money, [2] - it's 2 blocks from the Zócalo and in the middle of the hammer market that starts early... so noisy
• Hotel Washington - 2 blocks from the Zócalo on av. May 5th, clean and far from the fair, with good rooms at 270 pesos/day - no breakfast

waste

• Embassy Suites by Hilton Mexico City - Renovation[3]

• , Paseo de la Reforma, 1, ☎(52) 555 1285000NOCC, email: [email protected]. It is located close to government and financial offices, making it the ideal hotel for both business and leisure travelers. Mexico City International Airport is located just 20 minutes away. 

Safety

Mexico City does not suffer much from the violence that affects more northern Mexico, especially on the border with the United States. There are robberies and robberies, as there are in the main metropolises of the world, but nothing that affects tourism. Be careful, but be sure to enjoy the city as much as possible.

Health

Since the early 1990s, Mexico has entered a transitional stage in terms of the health of its population and some indicators, such as mortality rates, are similar to those found in developed countries. Although all Mexicans can receive medical treatment from the state, 50.3 million Mexicans did not have health insurance in 2002. Efforts have been made to increase this number of people, and the current administration intends to complete a universal health system by 2011 .

Mexico's medical infrastructure is very good for the most part and can be excellent in major cities, but in rural areas and indigenous communities medical coverage is poor, forcing them to travel to the nearest urban area to receive specialist medical treatment.

State institutions such as the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and the Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers (ISSSTE) are the biggest contributors to health and social security. Private health services are also very important and account for 13% of all medical facilities in the country.

The cost of health care in private institutions and prescription drugs in Mexico is slightly cheaper than the average for its North American economic partners.

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