Druzno - shallow delta lake overgrowing on Żuławy Wiślane. The lake is located in Poland, in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in Elbląg district, in Elbląg commune. Is a part The Vistula Lagoon cut off with alluvia.
Information
The area of the lake ranges from 1147.5 to 1790.1 ha (depending on blowing winds and ambient temperature), dimensions approx. 9.7 × 2 km, average depth 1.2 m, maximum depth 2.5 m. Average water volume in the tank 17 352 000 m³. Height 0.1 m above sea level The lake ranks 27th in the classification of the largest Polish lakes.
Geographical coordinates of the beginning of the nature trail in the reserve: 54 ° 03′54 ″ N, 19 ° 27′05 ″ E
Centuries ago, Druzno was part of a sea bay located 0.3 m above sea level. With time, it took the form of an elongated lake lying on the north-south axis. 1/3 of its length, at the mouth of the Elszka River, there is a narrowing that divides Druzno into two vast reservoirs. Its specificity is that it changes its level. Even by a whole meter. It is caused by winds blowing in autumn and winter, as well as summer, intensive evaporation and seepage of water into depressive areas.
An extension fairway runs through Druzno The Elbląg Canal.
On the basis of the lake water purity tests carried out in 2003, it was classified as out of class waters.
Several small watercourses flow into the lake, including: Balewka, Brzeźnica, Burzanka, Dzierzgoń, Elszka, Kowalewka, Marwicka, Młynówka, Tina (one branch in the lower course), and Wąska.
The uniqueness of the lake on a national scale
It is a unique place in the scale of the country, and perhaps the whole of Europe (sometimes referred to as the "Polish Amazon").
Lake Druzno does not resemble most of the lakes in Poland. The vast majority of the lake's surface is covered nymfeids, i.e. plants with floating leaves: water lilies, water lily and also very rare mushroom (it is the northernmost position of this plant in Europe, a plant under strict species protection in Poland). The beauty of the mushroom is best admired from afar. During flowering, it turns the lake from green to yellow.
Nature Reserve
The lake and the surrounding areas form a floristic one reserve "Lake Drużno" (although the reserve was named after Lake Druzno, its name contains an incorrect version of the name of the lake - Team).
It is a breeding ground for water and marsh birds, mainly ducks, grebes, gulls and terns, also small ones passerine birds. Additionally, the area of the reserve coincides with the Natura 2000 sites, Druzno Lake (PLH280028) (Special Area of Habitat Protection) and, with a larger area, Druzno Lake (PLB280013) (Special Bird Protection Area). In 2002, due to the richness of plants and biodiversity, it was included in the international form of protection and entered into the Ramsar list.
The reserve is practically closed to tourists. However, there are two ways to admire this phenomenal place.
- A cruise along the Elbląg Canal, which runs through the middle of the lake. At this point, it should be emphasized that you can only move on the canal, outside it the presence of tourists is illegal, which for unwise travelers - due to frequent river police patrols - may end with a fine.
- Educational trail and observation tower in the southern part of the reserve. This is by far the best place for bird watching on the lake.
Emporium Truso
In the 9th century by this lake, in the vicinity of today Janów there was a Prussian emporium (emporion, in ancient times a city square where goods imported by sea were stored) of the Baltic trade - Truso.Wulfstan tells that he went from Haede (Haithabu, Hedeby), that he came to Truso in seven days and nights, that the ship went all the way under full sails (...) And the Vistula flows out of the land of the Slavs and flows into the Estonian Lagoon, and this Lagoon Estonian is at least fifteen miles wide. From the east, the river Ilfing (Elbląg) flows into the Estonian Lagoon - from this lake (Druzno) on whose shore Truso stands. This is a fragment of the message of Wulfstan, the envoy of the English king Alfred the Great, who around 890 made a sea voyage between the Danish Hedeby and the estuary Vistula the great emporium of Truso. He left behind this one and only message, written personally by the English king outlining the geography of Europe and a legend that was to be an unsolved mystery forever.
However, the Elbląg archaeologist, Dr. Marek Jagodziński, in 1982 discovered Truso on the eastern shore of Lake Druzno near Janów, cutting off the centuries-long discussion of whether it really existed and where it was located.
Today it is already known that it was a huge, for those times, extremely important craft, trade and port emporium on the route connecting Scandinavia and the Baltic countries with southern Europe and the Arab countries. And they were created and inhabited by ... Vikings. This is evidenced by Thor's hammers found in large numbers, Valkyrie heads, clasps, Scandinavian jewelry, features of buildings and boats. The enormity of the treasures that have been found so far - scales, weights, coins (Arabic, Danish waters, English pence) - is already impressive, and according to Marek Jagodziński, it is a part of what is waiting to be mined on the bank of Druzno.
Availability for anglers
Lake Druzno is accessible to anglers, although with numerous restrictions (e.g. only artificial lures are allowed, significant limits and protective dimensions apply, e.g. you can take a maximum of 2 pikes not smaller than 50 cm and not larger than 80 cm). The District of the Polish Angling Association in Elbląg has been the leaseholder and legal user of this unique fishing vessel on a global scale for 30 years. This, next to Pasłęka with the Pierzchal dam reservoir, is the second nature reserve in the possession of PZW. This is a breakthrough in the authorities' thinking about the level of organized fishing, not only in Elbląg.
http://ptasieogrody.pl/wiki/Rezerwat_Jezioro_Drużno
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