Italian travel dictionary - Italian matkasanakirja

Italy (Italiano) is the Romance language spoken mainly In Italy and Switzerland in the south. Its related languages ​​are French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian.

Understand

The Italian language does not use the letters j and k, nor the Scandinavian characters, except in connection with loan words. Loan words are usually inflexible. The letter h is never pronounced, but is an integral part of the written text.

Say it

The letter H is never pronounced in Italian, although it often appears in written text. It plays a significant role in the pronunciation of words. The "h" written in front of certain vowels means the so-called. "hard" pronunciation. However, if "h" does not appear in the text at that time, a "soft" phonetic pronunciation will follow. The Italian surname "Ghisoni" is pronounced "Gisooni". If the letter "h" were not in the name, it would be pronounced "Dzisooni".

Vowels

  • a[a]
  • é[e]
  • è[ɛ]1
  • i[i]
  • oh[o]
  • ò[ɔ]1
  • u[u]

1The distinction between e / ɛ and o / ɔ is made especially in the Tuscan region and in the official literary language, but elsewhere in the country the distribution of votes is not the same, they are not distinguished at all. The same is true for consonants [s] and [z].

Consonants

  • b[b]
  • c[k] or [t͡ʃ] (before e- or iletters)
  • ch[k] (before e- or iletters)
  • d[d]
  • f[f]
  • g[ɡ] or [d͡ʒ] (before e- or iletters)
  • gh[ɡ] (before e- or iletters)
  • gli[ʎ], [ʎː] (between vowels)
  • gn[ɲ], [ɲː] (between vowels)
  • l[l]
  • m[m]
  • of[of]
  • p[p]
  • Qu[kw]
  • r[r]
  • s[s], [s] or [z] between vowels
  • sc[sk], [ʃ] (before e- or iletters), [ʃː] (before e- or ibetween vowels)
  • sch[sk] (before e- or iletters)
  • t[t]
  • v[v]
  • z[t͡s] or [d͡z]

Emphasis

The emphasis is usually on the second to last syllable of the word.

Grammar

Nominit

Nouns

Italian nouns there are two genera, masculine and feminine. The genus of a word can be inferred somewhat from its last letter: -o-exposed words are usually masculine, and -a-exposed words feminine. Instead -e-finished nouns can be of either genus. Some meanings also affect the family of the word: for example, most countries are feminines and languages ​​masculine. Similarly, words to describe a male being or professional are usually masculine, and words to describe a female being or professional are feminines. The family of a word influences the choice of articles and pronouns in a unit, as well as the inflection of adjectives. The regular plural of the masculins is formed by replacing the suffix -o at the end -i and the terminal of feminines -a at the end -e. Terminal -e replaced by a suffix -i in both genera.

Articles

Eleven different articles are used in Italian, depending on the genus, chapter and pronunciation of the word, as follows:

Vague articles:

  • Masculine unit: and (uno if the word begins with an “impure” consonant2)
  • Feminine unit: and (un ’ if the word begins with a vowel)

Quantitative articles:

  • Masculine unit: il (lo before the impure consonant, l ' before the vowel)
  • Masculine plural: i (gli before the impure consonant or vowel)
  • Feminine unit: la (l ’ before the vowel)
  • Plural form of feminine: le

Adjectives

In Italy, adjectives bend according to their main word in family and chapter and are often behind their main word as in Romance languages ​​in general. Comparative forms of adjectives can be formed with both words più (more) that going (less). However, the shapes of several adjectives are irregular, such as meglio (better) and peggio (worse).

Reading words

The cardinal words in Italian are inflexible, except one, which acts as an article before the noun and thus bends according to the noun. The format is used in the calculation uno.

The word Milione (million) and the denominations of numbers greater than that are nouns in Italy and are plural in the plural. Thousand millewith an irregular plural Mila, changes its family in the plural, which is actually a singular form.

All read words are written together without spaces, e.g. quattromilacinquecentoquarantotto 4548.

Italian cardinal reading words:

  • 0 - 10: zero, uno, due, tre, quattro, Cinque, sei, Sette, otto, Nove, Dieci
  • 11 - 19 Undici, Dodici, Tredici, quattordici, quindici, sedici, diciassette, diciotto, diciannove
  • 20 - 29: Venti, ventuno, ventidue, ventitré, ventiquattro, venticinque, ventisei, ventisette, ventotto, ventinove
  • 30 - 90: Trenta, Quaranta, cinquanta, sessanta, settanta, ottanta, novanta
  • 100 - 1,000,000: Cento, mille, diecimila, centomila, and Milione

Sequential numbers are most often formed by taking out the last letter of the reading word and adding after it -esimo for masculine and -first for feminine. If a decimal number is associated with a number tre or sei, the last letter is not omitted. Sequences from one to ten have their own names. The plural of the sequence number 1000 is regular, unlike the cardinal number.

Italian ordinal words (masculine only):

  • 1 - 10: primo, secondo, Terzo, Quarto, Quinto, Sesto, Settimo, ottavo, nono, decimo
  • 11 - 19: undicesimo, dodicesimo, tredicesimo, quattordicesimo, quindicesimo, sedicesimo, diciassetesimo, diciottesimo, diciannovesimo
  • 20 - 29: ventesimo, ventunesimo, ventiduesimo, ventitreesimo, ventiquattresimo, venticinquesimo, ventiseiesimo, ventisettesimo, ventottesimo, ventinovesimo
  • 30 - 90: trentesimo, quarantesimo, cinquantesimo, sessantesimo, settantesimo, ottantesimo, novantesimo
  • 100 - 1 000 000: centesimo, millesimo, diecimillesimo, centomillesimo, milionesimo

Pronouns

Person pronouns

Person pronouns distinguish between masculine and feminine in the third person singular and plural.

1st person2nd person3rd person
UnitPluralSneezingTeasingMasculineFeminine
UnitPluralUnitPluralUnitPluralUnitPlural
NominativeionoiyoubutterLeiLorolui (Egli, Esso)Loro (Essi)Lei (ella, essa)Loro (essay)
AccusativemicitiviLaLelolilale
DativemicitiviLeLorogliLoroleLoro
PrepositionalwenoiyoubutterLeiLoroluiLoroLeiLoro

Notes:

  • Egli / ella and Esso / essa / Essi / esse are rare and nowadays belong mainly to the literary language.
Indefinite pronouns

Many indefinite pronouns have both a masculine and a feminine form.

Possessive pronouns

Possessive pronouns do not bend according to the owner but according to the family and number of the thing to be owned.

Verbit

Italian verb doctrine is very rich, as are other Romance languages. Kill classes are indicative, subjunctive, conditional and imperative, all of which except the imperative bend into numerous time forms: in the indicative eight, in the conjunctive four, in the conditional two, and in the imperative only one. In addition, verbs have nominal forms such as gerund, participles and infinitives.

The conditional expresses conditional doing, as in other languages. In the side sentence, the conjunctive, not the indicative imperfect, as in Swedish, English or French, and the conditional, as in Finnish, must be used.

Conjunctiva is often used, as the name implies, for conjunctions (such as che, it, perché, affine) and to express a presumption or suspicion, but only in a sub-sentence.

As in other related languages, there are active and passive in Italy. All time formats and modes can be used in both, although it is not always necessary.

Verbs are divided into three groups based on the suffix of the infinitive form; -are, -ere and -ire -verbs. The bending class affects e.g. for personality and tense inflection of the verb. Also, there are a few verbs like porre (set) and tradurre (translate), whose infinitive form is abnormal.

There are many irregular verbs in Italian, the vast majority of which belong to the second inflectional category.

Theorem

The basic Italian word order is SPO, or subject-predicate object: (Io) amo le notti (“I love nights”). Object pronouns are before the verb: You are ("I love you"). The VS variant is also common: Arriva Mario (“Mario arrives”).

Because the factor usually appears in the predicate of a sentence, the subject pronoun can often be omitted: (Io) ti amo ("I love you"). Unlike in Finland, the subject pronoun is also omitted in the third person: What ama (He loves me), È vero ("It is true").

Question sentences can be formed with question words or by changing the word order of the question sentence so that the verb is first, then the thing to be clarified, and then the subject: È di pelle questa Borsa? (“Is this bag leather?”). In modern colloquial language, however, a question sentence often differs from argument sentences only in ascending intonation.

Travel Glossary

When vacationing in Italy, it is important to remember courtesy. Only friends and acquaintances are beaten.

Rudiments

General signs

APERTO
Open
CHIUSO
Closed
ENTRATA
In
USCITA
Out
SPINGE
Push
TIRA
Pull
TOILET
toilet
UOMINI
Gentlemen
DONNE
Ladies
LOCATION
Denied
FUMAR SITE
No smoking
ASCENSORS
Elevator
ORARIO
Schedule
Good day! / Good morning!
Buongiorno! / Buon giorno! (Used until about 2 to 3 p.m., followed by the saying Good Evening!).
Hi!
Ciao! (For acquaintances, children).
Hey!
Salve! (Only among acquaintances, usually men say to men; often the way older men greet their acquaintances).
How are you?
Come sta? (while pretending), Come Stai? .
How's it going?
Come on?
Good thanks.
Bene, grazie.
Not bad.
Non male.
What is your name?
Come si chiama? (while teething), Come ti chiami? (When you sneeze; Don't sway the Italians, not even in the shops. The country's way is to tease.)
My name is ______ .
Mi chiamo ______.
I am _____.
Sono _____.
Nice to meet you.
Molto marketplace.
May I have it? ....
Mi fa ...., per favore?
Thank you.
Grazie.
Thank you, the same!
Grazie altrettanto!
No problem!
Di niente! ("Thanks for nothing!")
Thank you very much!
Si ringrazio molto!
You're welcome!
Figurati! (While teens) / Si figuri! (When teens)
No problem!
Non c'è di che!
You're welcome
Prego (When giving something or responding to another’s praise).
You're welcome
Per favore. (Can be used with each request, is a polite way, cf. the use of the English word please).
Yes
Si
No.
Well
Sorry (apology)
Scusi (when teens), Scusa (when you teens; Don't get you in Italy.)
Excuse me / did you allow?
Permesso! (When you walk next to another and ask the road, that is, the other person to be careful.)
Goodbye.
Arrivederci
See you again.
Ci vediamo.
bye
Ciao (Say this only to your good acquaintances or small children. The Italians are dating each other.)
I do not speak Italian.
Non parlo Italiano.
Do you speak Finnish?
Parla finlandese? (while teething)
Does anyone here speak Finnish?
What quality (qui) finlandese?
Help!
Aiuto!
Precautionary! / Attention!
Attension!
Good evening.
Buona sera. (Used after about 2pm to 3pm).
Have a nice evening!
Buona serata! (The departor says to those present.)
Good night.
Buona notte.
Have a nice trip!
Buon viaggio!
Have a happy holiday!
Buona Vacanza!
All the best.
Buon proseguimento.
I do not understand
Non lo Capisco.
How is it written?
Come si scrive?
How is it pronounced?
Come si pronuncia?
What is it called in Italian?
Come si dice in Italiano?
Would you say slower, please.
Più lentamente, per favore.
Where is?....
Dov'è ...?
Where are you / is he from?
Di dove è? (while teething).

Ills

Let me be at ease!
Mi lasci Solo / sola!
Do not touch!
Non mi tocchi!
I call the police.
Chiamo la polizia!
Police!
Polizia!
Stop! Thief!
Fermarsi! Un Ladro!
I need your help (teasing).
Ho bisogno del suo aiuto.
There is an emergency now.
C'è un'emergenza.
I'm lost.
Mi sono perso / persa.
My bag disappeared.
Ho perso la mia Borsa.
My wallet / Passini disappeared.
Ho perso il mio portafoglio / il mio passaporto.
I am sick
Sono malato / Malata.
I'm hurt.
Sono ferito / ferita.
I need a doctor.
Ho bisogno di un dottore.
Can I call?
Posso telephone?
Where is the hospital?
Dov'è and Ospedale?

Numbers

1
uno
2
due
3
tre
4
quattro
5
Cinque
6
sei
7
Sette
8
intake
9
Nove
10
Dieci
11
Undici
12
Dodici
13
Tredici
14
quattordici
15
quindici
16
sedici
17
diciassette
18
diciotto
19
diciannove
20
Venti
21
ventuno
22
ventidue
23
ventitre
24
ventiquattro
25
venticinque
26
ventisei
27
ventisette
28
ventotto
29
ventinove
30
Trenta
40
Quaranta
50
cinquanta
60
sessanta
70
settanta
80
ottanta
90
novanta
100
Cento
200
duecento
300
Trecento
1000
mille
2000
duemila
1,000,000
and Million
1,000,000,000
and billion
1,000,000,000,000
and billions
number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
il number ____
half
mezzo / mezza
less
going
more
più

Time

now
Adesso
later
più tardi
before
prima
morning
la mattina
midday
il Mezzogiorno
afternoon
il pomeriggio
evening
la sera
midnight
la mezzanotte
night
la notte

Time

at one in the morning
l'una
at two in the morning
le due
It's one o'clock.
È l'una.
It is two o'clock.
Sono le due.
midday
il Mezzogiorno
at 1 p.m.
le Tredici
at 2 p.m.
le quattordici
midnight
la mezzanotte

Duration

_____ minutes
un minuto - i minuti (plural)
_____ hours
un'ora - l'ore
_____ days
and giorno - i giorni
_____ weeks
una settimana - le settimane
_____ month / month
un mese - i mesi
_____ year / year
and anno - gli Anni

Days

today
oggi
yesterday
ieri
tomorrow
domani
the day after tomorrow
dopodomani
this week
questa settimana
last week
la settimana scorsa
next week
la settimana prossima
Sunday
Domenica
Monday
lunedì (the letter ì is pronounced long at the end: lunedii)
Tuesday
martedì
Wednesday
mercoledì
Thursday
giovedì
Friday
venerdì
Saturday
sabbath

Months

January
gennaio
February
febbraio
March
marzo
April
April
May
maggio
June
giugno
July
luglio
August
agosto
September
Settembre
October
ottobre
November
November
December
dicembre

Seasons

winter
l'inverno
spring
la Primavera
summer
l'estate
autumn
l'autunno

Colors

black
genius
white
Bianco
gray
Grigio
red
Rosso
sky blue
Celeste
dark blue
blu
blue
Azzurro
yellow
giallo
green
Verde
Orange
Arancia
violet
viola
brown
Bruno, Marrone
pink
rosa

Transport

Place names

America
America
Canada
Canada
Denmark
Danimarca
Iceland
Iceland
Estonia
Estonia
Lithuania
Lithuania
Latvia
Lettonia
Finland
Finland
France
French
Germany
Germania
Japan
Giappone
Norway
Norway
Russia
Russia
Spain
Spagna
Portugal
Portogallo
Italy
Italy
Swedish
Sweden
U.S.
Stati Uniti d'America
Copenhagen
Copenaghen
London
London
Paris
Parigi
Peter
San Pietroburgo
Stockholm
Stoccolma
Marseille
Marsiglia
Moscow
Mosca

Bus and train

How much does the ticket cost _____?
Quanto è il biglietto? Quanto costa il biglietto?
One ticket _____, please.
And biglietto ______ per favore.
Where does this train / bus go?
Dove va questo treno / autobus?
Where is the _____ train / bus?
Dov'è il treno / il autobus per _____?
Train / bus leaves from pier three.
The train / car part of the binary is.
Does this train / bus stop at _____?
Questo treno / bus farm a___?
When does the _____ train / bus leave?
Quando parte il treno / autobus per ______?
When does this train / bus arrive _____?
Quando Arriva questo treno / autobus a ____?

Instructions

How do I get _____ ?
Per andare a ______?
... to the train station?
... Ferrovia stadium?
... to the bus station?
... autostazione?
... to the airport?
... Aeroporto?
... downtown?
... center?
... a hostel?
... all'ostello della Gioventù?
... to a _____ hotel?
... all'Hotel _____ / all'albergo ____?
... to the Finnish consulate?
... all consulato di Finlandia?
Where is a lot ...
Dove ci sono molti ...
... hotels?
... alberghi / hotel?
... restaurants?
... ristoranti?
... bars?
...bar?
... attractions?
... Dove ci sono molte cose da vedere?
Can you show it on the map?
Do you want to eat a car?
Street
la Strada
Turn left.
Svolti / Giri a sinistra.
Turn right.
Svolti / Giri a destra.
left
sinistra
right
destra
ahead
Avanti
through, across, through, over, crack
attraverso
Go over the piazza and then ...
Attractions in the Piazza e poi ....
per _____
verso ___
past / after _____
dopo ____
before _____
prima del ___
Beware of _____.
Guarda il _____.
intersection
Incrocio
north
il nord
South
il sud
east
l'est
west
l'ovest
rise
in su
downhill
in giù
here
qui
there

Taxi

Taxi!
Taxi!
Would you take me_____, please.
Portatemi a ______, per favore.
How much does it cost to go _____
Quanto costa andare a _____?
There, thank you.
Portatemi lì, per favore.

Accommodation

I would like to book a room.
The front of the camera.
Do you have any vacancies?
Avete camere Libere?
How much would there be room for one / two people?
Quanto costa una camera singola / doppia?
Does the room come with ...
La camera ha ...
... sheets?
... lenzuola?
...bathroom? / ... shower?
... il Bagno? /...la doccia?
...phone?
... il phone?
...TV?
... la TV / .. la tivù?
Can I see the room first?
Posso prima vedere la camera?
Do you have anything quieter?
Avete una camera più silenziosa?
... bigger?
... più grande?
... cleaner?
... più pulita?
...cheaper?
... in economics?
I'll take it.
La prendo.
I will stay _____ nights.
Mi Fermo per _____ notte / notti.
Can you suggest another hotel?
Potete suggerirmi and altro hotel?
Do you have a safety box?
Avete una cassaforte Centrale?
... safety boxes?
Avete delle cassaforte nelle camere?
Is breakfast / dinner included in the price?
Is there a price / price?
What time is breakfast / dinner?
A che ora è la colazione / la cena?
Can you clean my room, please.
The camera is on the camera, per favore.
Can you wake me up at _____, please?
Potete svegliarmi under _____ ora, per favore?
I'd like to log out, please.
Voglio partire, per favore.
I wanted to pay.
Vorrei pagare, per favore.

Monetary

Do you accept euros?
Accettate the euro?
Do you accept American dollars?
Accettate dollars to America?
Can I pay with credit card?
Acceptate the credit card?
Can you exchange money?
Potete cambiare delle banconote per me?
Where can I exchange money?
Dove si puo cambiare delle banconote?
Can you exchange traveler's checks?
Potete cambiare and traveller's check per me?
Where can I exchange traveler's checks?
Dove si puo cambiare un traveller's check?
What is the exchange rate?
Quanto è il cambio?
Where is
Dov'è?

Y === Eating ===

Table for one / two please.
Una tavolo per uno / due per favore.
Menu, please?
What is the menu?
Can I see the kitchen?
What about La Cucina?
Do you have local specialties?
Is there a special local area?
I am vegetarian.
Sono Vegetariano.
I don't eat pork.
Non mangio il maiale
I don't eat beef.
Non mangio il Bovino.
Can you make it light?
Do you want the right, per favore?
meal of the day
il piatto del giorno
a la carte
à la carte
breakfast
la (prima) colazione
lunch
il pranzo
supper
la price
May I have _____.
Vorrei ____.
May I have something with _____.
Vorrei and piatto con _______?
chicken
il pollo
beef
la carne di Bovino
fish
il pesce
ham
il prosciutto
sausage
la salsiccia
cheese
the form
lay eggs
le uove
salad
l'insalata
fruit
la frutta
vegetables
le verdure
bread
il pane
toast
from the room
noodles
tagliolini
rice
il riso
beans
il fagioli
May I have a glass _____?
Posso avere and bichiere di _____?
May I have a cup of _____?
Posso avere una tazza di ____?
May I have a bottle of _____?
Posso avere una bottiglia di ____?
coffee
caffè
tea
you
juice
succo (fruit juice: succo di frutta)
soda, mineral, mineral water - carbonated / non-carbonated
Acqua Minerale Frizzante / naturale
water
Acqua
beer
Birra
red / white wine
vino Rosso / vino Bianco
May I have _____?
Posso avere ____?
salt
il sale
pepper
il Pepe
butter
the burro
Excuse me, waitress?
Scusi, cameriere?
I'm ready.
Sono pronto / pronta.
Delicious.
È squisito.
Can you clear the table?
Do you want to go to the store?
Check please.
For the time being.
Could I have the check please.
For example, per favore?

Bars

Do you sell alcohol?
Servite bevande alcoliche?
Do you have table service?
What is the service?
One beer / two beers please.
Una Birra / due birre, per favore.
Glass of red / white wine please.
And wine of Rosso / Bianco, per favore.
One pint please.
And boccale, per favore.
One bottle please.
Una bottiglia, per favore.
_____-_____, thank you.
Un ____ con ___, per favore.
whiskey
whiskey
vodka
vodka
rum
rum
water
Acqua
soda water
club soda
tonic water
Acqua tonica
orange juice
aranciata / succo di Arancia
cola
Coca cola
Do you have snacks?
C'è un bar con spuntini?
One more, please.
And altro, per favore.
Second round, please.
And altro giro, per favore.
What time do you close?
A che ore chiudete?

Shopping

Do you have this in my size?
Do you want to search for something?
How much does this / these cost?
Quanto costa / costano?
It is too expensive.
È troppo Caro.
How about _____?
Prendereste _______?
expensive
Caro
cheap
convenient / meno Caro
I can't afford it.
Non posso permettermelo./Cerco qualcosa di più economico.
I don't want that.
Not loose.
You're cheating on me.
We state the imbrogliando.
I'm not interested.
Not so interesting.
Good, I'll take it.
Va bene, lo prendo.
Can I have a plastic bag?
Posso avere una Busta?
Do you also send goods (abroad)
Potete spedirlo (all'estero)?
I need...
Bisogno di _____
... toothpaste.
... dentifricio.
... toothbrush.
... uno spazzolino.
... towel
... un'asciugamano.
... tampons.
... tampons.
... soap.
... sapone.
... shampoo.
...shampoo.
... painkiller.
... analgesico.
... a flu medicine.
... medicine per il raffreddore.
... stomach medicine.
... medicine per lo stomaco.
... razor blade.
... and rasoio.
... umbrella.
... and ombrello.
... sunscreen.
... crema Solare.
... postcard.
... una carta postale / una cartolina.
... stamps.
... francobolli.
... batteries.
... pile.
... stationery.
... carta.
... a pen.
... and Penna
... books in Finnish.
libri finlandesi
... Finnish language magazines.
riviste finlandesi
... a Finnish-language newspaper.
and Giornale finlandese
... Italian-Finnish dictionary.
and Dizionario Italiano-Suomiese.

Getting around by car

I would like to rent a car.
Vorrei noleggiare una macchina.
Can I get insurance?
Posso avere un'assicurazione?
stop
stop
one-way
Senso unico
right of way
precedent
no parking
place parcheggiare
speed limit
limite di velocità
gas station
service area
petrol
gasoline
Diesel
gasolio
I would like a full tank, thank you!
For the sake of milk, per favore!

Bureaucracy

What has happened?
Che cosa è successo?
I have not done anything wrong.
There is no fat in the male.
It was a misunderstanding.
È Stato and malinteso.
Where are you spending me?
Dove mi portate?
Am I under arrest?
Sono in arrestato / a?
I am a Finnish citizen.
Sono un cittadino / una cittadina Finlandiese.
I want to talk to the Finnish / EU embassy
For the final decision.
I want to talk to a lawyer.
For the purposes of this Regulation.
Can I just pay the fines now?
How long do you need to eat and melt Adesso?

Sports and leisure vocabulary

Team sports
Sport di Squadra
football
calcio
basketball
pallacanestro / basket
volleyball
pallavolo / volley
team handball
pallamano
rugby
rugby
floorball
Floorball
cricket
Cricket
hockey
hockey with ghiaccio
hockey
hockey su pista
futsal
calcio a 5 / calcetto
Individual species
Sport for individuals
athletics
Atletica leggera
swimming
Nuoto
Martial arts
close to marziali
downhill skiing
sci Alpino
skiing
sci Nordico
snowboarding
snowboarding
cycling
ciclismo
tennis
tennis
badminton
badminton
riding
ippica
boxing
pugilato
chess
scacchi
table football
calciobalilla
Where is the nearest
Dov'è _____ più vicino?
gym
la palestra
swimming pool
la piscina
stadium
lo Stadio
tennis court
l'impianto di tennis

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