 Carmel Church | ||
| Olinda | ||
| State | Pernambuco | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 389.494 (2015) | |
| height | 16 m | |
| Tourist info web | www.olinda.pe.gov.br | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Olinda is a city in the state Pernambuco in Northeast Brazil. It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982. Numerous churches and monasteries adorn the old town
background
The Portuguese navigator arrived on April 22nd, 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral the coast of Bahia. With that the colonial era of Brazil begins. The Portuguese established hereditary ones in 1534 Capitanerias: each of the captains was assigned a specific area that they were allowed to colonize at their own expense. The captain of Pernambuco was Duarte Coelhowho founded the city of Olinda in 1537. When he first saw the area of today's Olinda from the sea, he is said to have exclaimed: "Oh linda situacão para construir uma vila (What a beautiful place to build a city)". The name of the city is derived from this. Olinda owed its boom to the export of rosewood ("pau-brazil"), which was used in dyeing plants in Europe. After the supply of rosewood was exhausted, Duarte Coelho introduced the cultivation of sugar cane. In the period between 1530 and 1630, many sugar cane plantations were established in Pernambuco. During this time the trade in African slaves who worked on the sugar cane plant began. The Jesuits, Franciscans, Benedictines and Carmelites built monasteries in the city as early as the 16th century. Until 1580 the Portuguese produced the sugar and the Dutch took over the distribution in Europe. In 1580 the Portuguese King Henry I died without an heir to the throne. He appointed the Spanish King Philip II in his will. Portugal and Spain were subsequently ruled in personal union. As a result, Holland lost its monopoly on the sugar trade. In 1621 the Dutch West India Company was founded, in 1630 the Dutch conquered Olinda and ruled Pernambuco until 1654, from 1637 to 1644 Johann-Moritz of Nassau Governor General. The Dutch founded the city of Recife and destroyed Olinda, which could not regain its old importance after the end of Dutch rule. In 1982 the historic center of Olinda was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
getting there
Map of Olinda
By plane
The nearest airport is Recife, approx. 20 km south of Olinda.
By train
By bus
There are many bus connections between Recife and Olinda. The buses are not comfortable, but they are relatively safe. Most of the buses to the historic center of Olinda have their terminus in Rio Doce at the north end of town Boa Viagem there is a direct bus Piedade – Rio Doce (No. 910) with stops in the Av. Conselheiro Aguar, the first main street parallel to the boulevard on the beach.
From Center of Recife The best way to get there is to take the Pricesa Isabel - Rio Doce bus. In both cases, it is best to get off at the post office (Correio) in Olinda.
In the street
Recife and Olinda are connected by highways. Olinda is well marked on road signs. By Boa Viagem if you follow Av. Boa Viagem head north to its end, turn left, drive about 6 km on the Av. Agamemnon Magalhaes to the conference center, turn right and come to the historic center of Olinda Center of Recife driving north on Av. Cruz Cabuga or Av. Olinda and follow the road signs towards Olinda. A taxi from Boa Viagem in Recife to Olinda costs between R $ 30 and R $ 40.
By boat
mobility
Tourist Attractions
Churches and monasteries
Igreja da Sé (Cathedral)
Sao Bento Monastery
- 1 Convento de Sao Francisco (Franciscan Monastery) and Igreja de Nossa Senhoras das Neves (Church of Our Lady of the Snow) (Convento de Sao Francisco), Rua de Sao Francisco, 280, Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 0517, 55 81 3493 0313.
The monastery was built in 1577 and was the first Franciscan monastery in Brazil.Open: daily 9:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m., 2:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m., church services Wed 5:00 p.m., Sat 12:00 p.m., Sun 8:00 a.m.
- Igreja de Boa Hora (Church of the Good Times). One of the smallest churches in Olinda. A simple prayer house was built here in 1750. Good time is a paraphrase for death. The church was likely a place of mourning for the dead.
- Igreja da Conceicao (Church of the Conception). Tel.: 55 81 3429 3108. The church was built in the 16th century and abandoned during the Dutch period. For centuries it was a home for poor women. Today it is a monastery of the Irmas Dorotéas. This order lives very cautiously, the sisters are not allowed to have any contact with the outside world. The monastery can only be visited by appointment.
- Igreja da Misericordia (Church of Mercy), Alto da Misericórdia. Church and hospital were founded in 1540. The hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia (Holy House of Mercy) was the first hospital in Brazil. Access is usually via the Ladeira de Misericórdia (Head of Mercy with cobblestones from the colonial times on the steepest hill of Olinda. In the church is the second most beautiful altar of Olinda (after the Sao Bento monastery).
- 2 Igreja da Sé (Cathedral) (Sé de Olinda), Alto da Sé.The cathedral was built in 1535. Since 1676 it has been the cathedral of the Diocese of Olinda and Recife. The pillars of the church were made from stone from the reefs. It is believed that some of the pillars are still the original pillars from the 16th century.
- Igreja de Sao Joao (St. John's Church)
- Igreja de Sao Pedro (Church of Saint Peter). The church was built in the 2nd half of the 18th century. In the corner next to the church is a house that is believed to be Olinda's oldest house. The street level has been raised several times and the people of Olinda now refer to this house as the house you go in by the door and come out of the windows.
- Igreja do Amparo. The church was founded by young musicians around 1550 and rebuilt in 1644 after being destroyed by the Dutch. One of the side altars is dedicated to Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of musicians. Today the Olinda restoration workshops are located on the first floor.
- 3 Igreja Nossa Senhora do Carmo, Oraca do Carmo. The first Carmelite monastery in Brazil. Construction began in 1580 and was consecrated in 1620. The main altar consists of three niches, in the middle Saint Anthony and next to it the founders of the Carmelite Order, Saints Elias and Eliseus. The church was closed to visitors in 2006 due to urgent restoration work. The square in front of the church is also known as Praca da Abolicao (Liberation Square). Here is a statue of Princess Isabella, who played a major role in the liberation of the slaves.
- Igreja do Rosário (Rosary Church). The church was built in the 2nd half of the 17th century. It is one of the first churches in Brazil to be built by a brotherhood of black slaves. The black slaves were not allowed to practice their religion or convert to the Catholic faith. Groups of "Afrodescendentes" gathered near the churches and organized a festival called "Congos" to maintain their original African beliefs. Over time, they adopted elements of the Catholic Church and adapted them to their original religion. In Bahia, this process of religious syncretism gave rise to new religions, such as Umbanda and Candomblé. In Pernambuco, free slaves were allowed to found brotherhoods and build churches. The church was restored in 1988, and in the course of the work, paintings were found that imitated the gold and jewels on the altars of the richer churches.
- Igreja dos Milagres (Church of Miracles), Praca de Milagres.
- 4 Mosteiro de Sao Bento (Monastery of Saint Benedict) (Igreja e Mosteiro de São Bento), Rua Sao Bento.The monastery was founded by the Benedictine monks in the 16th century and rebuilt in 1761. The church is the only one in Olinda with a "mezzanino". In colonial times, the rich people took part in mass on the "mezzanino", the free men in the church and the slaves in front of the church. The main age of the church is particularly richly decorated and was exhibited in the Guggenheim Museum in New York in 2003. In the building next to the church, the first law faculty in Brazil was established in 1828. It was moved to Recife in 1854.
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- Igreja e Mosteiro de Nossa Senhora do Monte
Buildings
- Observatório (Observatory), Alto da Sé. The observatory was founded in 1860 by the French astronomer Emmanuel Liais justified. He discovered a new comet that he named "Olinda". In 1970 the telescope was brought to the Torre Malakoff in Recife. The location of the observatory on the Alto da Sé allows a wide view of the Recife and Olinda area.
- Palacio dos Governadores (Governors Palace). The 17th century building was the seat of the governor of Olinda for a long time and is now the seat of the mayor.
- Ruinas do Senado (Ruins of the Senate). Brazil was a Portuguese colony until 1822 and an empire from 1822 to 1899. In 1899 the republic was proclaimed. Tried as early as 1710 Bernardo Viera de Melloto proclaim the independence of Brazil and to establish a Republic of Brazil. The inscription on the wall of the Ruinas do Senado reads: "Here on November 10, 1710, Bernardo Viera de Mello spoke out loud for the formation of a republic among us". The piece of wall that was to be the future Senate is still there. After the expulsion of the Dutch, the Olinda landed people saw the sugar cane plantations fall into decline, while the Recife traders, who they disparagingly called “Mascates”, became richer and increasingly influential. In the "War des Mascates" between Olinda and Recife from 1710 to 1712, Bernardo Viera de Mello was governor of Pernambuco. He should fight Olinda. But switched sides, was arrested and died in prison in Portugal. In Olinda he is revered as a hero.
Museums
- Casa des Bonecos Gigantes (House of the Giant Dolls). The giant dolls have been an integral part of the Olinda Carnival for the past 70 years. The most important of these dolls, the Homem da Meia-Noite (Midnight Man) announces the beginning of the carnival on Friday. A highlight of the carnival is the meeting of the giant dolls on the last day. The puppets come into town from all sides, walk down the streets accompanied by Frevo chapels and meet at certain points. Most of the dolls are made from Silvio Botelho, the father of the dolls. They are up to 3 meters 60 high and weigh up to 50 kilos. They are usually made at the request of individual districts or companies, it takes about 1 week to work on them and a doll costs around R $ 2,800,000. Silvio Botalho's shop is on Rua do Amparo.
- 5 Museu Mamulengo, Rua Treze de Maio. Tel.: 55 81 3429 6214. Open: Tue - Fri 11 a.m. - 5 p.m.Price: Entry R§ 2.00.
- Museu de Arte Contempoarana (Museum of Contemporary Art). The building was designed by Portuguese architects in 1722 and for a long time served as a church prison, where people suspected of conspiracy against the Catholic Church were imprisoned. The windows are barred and have a stone border. There is no door on the first floor, blacks, creoles and witches were held prisoner here. A ladder leads directly to the second floor, where the whites were held prisoner. The building was declared a Brazilian National Heritage in 1966. The permanent exhibition features works by famous Brazilian artists such as Candido Portinari, Hilton das Gravuras and Vicente Monteiro.
- Museu de Arte Sacra (Museum of Church Art), Alto da Sé. The building was erected in 1676. It served as the Senate of Olinda and as the bishopric. The Museu de Arte Sacra (Museum of Church Art) has been housed here since 1974. The oldest exhibits date from the 16th century, many are donations from the Archbishops of Olinda and Recife. Among the modern objects, a series of 18 paintings of the Passion of Christ, created by various Pernambuco artists, is noteworthy.
- Museo Regional (Regional Museum), Rua do Amparo. The museum is located in a colonial house that was built around 1745. It was the home of the Bishop of Olinda. The roof has three layers of tiles, which is a sign of financial stability. The building consists of three large salons and a bedroom. The furnishings consist of furniture from the Brazilian colonial era, ecclesiastical art objects from the 16th and 17th centuries, Chinese and French porcelain.
Streets and squares
- Rua Sao Bento. The street is still paved with stones from the 16th and 17th centuries. The different colors of the stones result from the fact that the stones come from different areas and were laid at different times. The three houses Eira, Beira and Triberira differ in the roofs: rich people had a roof with three layers of brick, the middle class two and the poorer only one layer of brick.
- 6 Alto da Sé (Lookout point). Alto da Sé, the highest point in the old town of Olinda. Here Duarte Coelho is said to have uttered the exclamation "Oh linda sitauacao.", From which the city owes its name. From there you also have a nice view of the city.
activities
beaches
Olinda has 7 beaches with a total length of 11 kilometers. Some beaches are not suitable for swimming.
- Praia da Ponta D'el Chifre. 2.4 kilometers.
- Praia dos Milagres. 600 meters.
- Praia do Carmo. 1 kilometer.
- Praia do Farol. 350 meters.
- Praia do Bairro Novo. 2.7 kilometers.
- Praia de Casa Caida. 3.2 kilometers.
- Praia de Rio Doce. 1 kilometer.
Diving
- Seagate Mergulhos E Aventura, Olinda. Tel.: 55 81 3426 1687, Fax: 55 81 3494 3216, Email: [email protected].
miscellaneous
- 1 Mirabilandia (amusement park), Av. Prof. Andrade Bezerra, 1285 - Salgadinho, Olinda. Tel.: 55 81 3366-2000.
shop
Markets
- Mercado da Ribeira. Slaves were traded here for centuries. Slavery was introduced in Brazil in the 16th century and was not abolished until 1888. The white house was the home of the slaves (senzala). The slaves were then brought into the courtyard and displayed. The negotiations took place in the adjoining rooms. Today there are numerous shops with handicrafts here.
- Mercado Eufrasio Barbosa, Varadouro, at the entrance to the historic center. The building was a biscuit and candy factory and opened in 1865. In 1979 the building was bought by the city of Olinda. Today there is a market and a theater here.
kitchen
Cheap
medium
Upscale
- Officina DP Sabor. Considered the best local restaurant in Recife and Olinda. The specialties include Camarao ao molho de coco (shrimps in coconut sauce), Camarao con erbes nordestinas (shrimps with herbs from the region), Camarao ao creme de gigembre (shrimps with ginger sauce), Camarao au creme de maracuja (shrimps with passion fruit cream ), Cabrito a cacadora (hunter-style goat) or Charque á mode do chef (sun-dried beef with manioc and pumpkin puree and herbs).
nightlife
accommodation
- 1 Albergue de Olinda, Rua do Sol, 233 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 1592, Fax: 55 81 3439 1913, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 2 Albergue Sítio do Carmo, Rua Justino Gonçalves, 75 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 2567, 55 81 9206 4473, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 3 Casarão do Fortim, Rua do Sol, 151 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3439 7124, Fax: 55 81 3326 9572, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 4 Hotel Pousada Sao Francisco, Rua do Sol, 127 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 2109, Fax: 55 81 3429 1418, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 5 Hotel 7 Colinas, Ladeira de São Francisco, 307 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3493 7766, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 6 Pousada Baobá, Rua do Sol, 147 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 0459, 55 81 3423 0826, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 7 Pousada Casa de Chica, Rua 27 de Janeiro, 43 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 1698, 55 81 99633337, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 8 Pousada dos Quatro Cantos, Rua Prudente de Moraes, 441 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 0220, Fax: 55 81 3429.1845, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 9 Pousada Marin dos Caetés, Av. Sigismundo Gonçalves, 732 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3429 1532, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
- 10 Pousada D’Olinda, Rua Prudente de Moraes, 178 - Carmo. Tel.: 55 81 3494.2559, Fax: 55 81 3494.2559, Email: [email protected]. In the historic old town.
Learn
- Faculdade de Olinda (FOCCA)
- Fundação de Ensino Superior de Olinda (FUNESO)
- Faculdade de Ciências Humanas de Olinda (FACHO)
- Faculdade Santa Emília (FASE)
- Faculdade Pernambucana (FAPE)
Work
security
In Olinda there is a police contact point especially for tourists who 1 CIATur-Companhia Independente de Apoio ao Turista, Rua Dr. Justino Goncalves 85, 53020-040 Olinda (Carmo). Tel.: 55 81 3181 1718, Email: [email protected].
health
Practical advice
- 2 Informações Turísticas (Casa do Turista), R. Prudente de Morais, 472 - Carmo, Olinda. Tel.: 55 81 3305-1060.twitter url used
trips
literature
Web links
- http://www.olinda.pe.gov.br - Official website of Olinda
- Brasiltourisoi (Portuguese)
- Olinda Prefecture (Portuguese)
- Recife Guide (English)
