 Mausoleum and mosque for Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī | ||
| esch-Sheikh esch-Shādhilī الشيخ الشاذلي · Ḥumaithira · حميثرة | ||
| Governorate | Red Sea | |
|---|---|---|
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
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Esch-Sheikh esch-Shadhili, also Sheikh Shazly, Arabic:الشيخ الشاذلي, al-Sheikh al-Shādhilī, also known as Ḥumaithira, Ḥumaithara, حميثرة, Is a egyptian Village and a pilgrimage site in the Arabian desert. At this point the famous Sufi mystic and venerated saint Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī, founder of the Shādhilīya order, 656 AH/1258 AD on his pilgrimage to Mecca and was buried on the spot. A mausoleum was built over his grave and a large mosque next to it. Annually takes place in his honor Mūlid takes place before the Islamic Festival of Sacrifice.
background
location
Esch-Sheikh esch-Schādhilī is located in the Red Sea Mountains about 100 kilometers as the crow flies from Marsā ʿAlam (150 km by road) away. The village is outside the Wādī-el-Gimāl-Ḥamāṭa National Parks located near its southwest corner. The village has a primary and secondary school, a police station, an ambulance and a youth center. Around 2000 people live in the village, including many ʿAbābda Bedouin.
Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Shādhilī
The core of the village is the mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī, an influential Moroccan Islamic scholar and Sufi and founder of the Shādhilīya Sufi Brotherhood. It is the most popular of the North African brotherhoods and belongs to Sunni Islam.
Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī was born in Bani Yafra in northern Morocco, in the tribal area of the Ghumāra. The exact date of birth is not known. In various sources the years 571 AH/1176 AD, 583/1187 and 593 / 1196-1197. According to his statements, his lineage goes back to the Prophet Muḥammad via el--asan. He began studying religious studies in Fez and continued it from 615/1218 in Iraq under the guidance of the Sufi Sheikh Abū el-Fatḥ el-Wāsiṭī (d. 632/1234). He was advised to return to Morocco. He found with the hermit ʿAbd as-Salām ibn Maschīsh (559/1163 (?) - 626/1227) the teacher who ultimately converted him to Sufism. Abū el-Ḥasan spent several years with his teacher, who proposed to him after Ifrīqiya (Area that includes Tunisia, Eastern Algeria and Tripolitania). Abū el-Ḥasan settled in 626/1227 in the village of Shādhila between Tunis and Kairouan, from which his surname should be derived. He began teaching here at a religious school he founded, a Zāwiya, and his reputation quickly spread across the country. He moved to it probably around 1252 Alexandria. Here, too, his teaching success increased, and he also attracted students from distant areas of the Arab world. On his pilgrimage to Mecca over the Red Sea port ʿAidhāb(22 ° 20 ′ 10 ″ N.36 ° 28 '58 "E.) north of today's village of heutigenalāʾib, he died here in Ḥumaithira, and he was buried on site.
getting there
The journey can be from Marsā ʿAlam, Aswan or Raʾs Banās from.
In Marsā ʿAlam one uses the highway 212 Edfu-Marsā ʿAlam. The small village is 40 kilometers west of Marsā āAlam 1 Sīdī Sālim(25 ° 2 ′ 51 ″ N.34 ° 31 '49 "E), سيدي سالم, With the tomb of the saint on the north side of the road and the village on the south side. One branches off immediately to the west of the village 1 25 ° 2 ′ 51 ″ N.34 ° 31 '45 "E from the trunk road an asphalt road (طريق الشيخ سالم الشيخ شاذلي, Ṭarīq al-Sheikh Sālim al-Sheikh Shādhilī) to the south in the direction of Sheikh Shādhilī, which is reached after 105 kilometers.
You can also take the trunk road from the Nile Valley Aswan–Ḥalāʾib (طريق حلائب أسوان, Ṭarīq Ḥalāʾib Aswān) drive to Sheikh Shādhilī. From Red sea From here you can use the Sheikh Schadhili-Berenike highway from Raʾs Banās.
Coming from the west, one arrives at the junction at 2 24 ° 12 ′ 29 ″ N.34 ° 36 '46 "E. to the village.
mobility
When the Mūlid is not taking place, you can drive a vehicle almost to the sights.
Tourist Attractions
The mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī and the Great Mosque were rebuilt around 2013.
- 1 Mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Shādhilī(24 ° 12 ′ 3 ″ N.34 ° 38 '9 "E)
- 2 Great Mosque of Abu el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Shādhilī(24 ° 12 ′ 2 ″ N.34 ° 38 '10 "E)
- 3 Gebel Ḥumaithira (جبل حميثرة). The mountain is about 135 meters west of the mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī.(24 ° 12 ′ 3 ″ N.34 ° 38 '4 "E)
- In the west and south-west of the mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī and on the eastern edge of the village there are other tombs, including the 4 Sheikha Zakiya's burial mosque, مسجد الشيخة زكية.
activities
The Mūlid for Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Shādhilī takes place annually from the 1st of the Ḏū al-Ḥiǧǧa (July 10, 2021, June 30, 2022) to the festival of sacrifice, ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā, on the 10th of the Ḏū al-Ḥiǧǧa ( July 19, 2021, July 9, 2022). Every year around 1 million visitors, mystics from all over Egypt, mainly Upper Egypt, and Arab and Islamic countries, but also from Europe and overseas, arrive. Celebrations are also held on other Islamic holidays such as the birth of the Prophet Muhammad.
Such celebrations as the veneration of saints in general sometimes meet with criticism from Sunni Muslims.
shop
There are souvenir stalls in the south of the mausoleum of Abū el-Ḥasan ʿAlī esch-Schādhilī.
kitchen
You should bring your own food.
In no case should one forget to buy a mocha made by the ʿAbābda Bedouins,جبنة, Ǧabana, to drink. The coffee beans are roasted shortly beforehand in a tin can, the bad beans are sorted out, and later crushed. The handle of the can is made of twisted iron wire. Spices, including ginger, cardamom and cinnamon, are crushed in a mortar. Coffee and spices are then placed in a round-bottom flask, the actual gabana, and filled with water and brought to a boil in the embers of an open fire. The whole thing is served with a lot of sugar.[1] You can only get a comparable mocha from the residents of Lake Nasser.
accommodation
Accommodation during the festivities can be in houses or in tents. Registration is to the west of the mosque.
health
There is a small ambulance in the village.
Practical advice
- 1 police(24 ° 12 ′ 1 ″ N.34 ° 38 ′ 2 ″ E)
literature
- Abū el-Ḥasan esch-Shādhilī
- : al-Shādhilī. In:Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (Ed.): The Encyclopaedia of Islam: Second Edition; Vol. 9: San - Sze. Suffer: Brill, 1997, ISBN 978-90-04-10413-6 , Pp. 170-172.
- : The mystical teachings of al-Shadhili: including his life, prayers, letters, and followers. Albany: State Univ. of New York Press, 1993, ISBN 978-0-7914-1613-6 .
- : The Rise of al-Shādhilī (d. 656/1258). In:Journal of the American Oriental Society, ISSN0003-0279, Vol.91,4 (1971), Pp. 477-486, doi:10.2307/598444.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑Amr El Beleidy: Jabana: Patience in a cup of coffee, Egypt Independent of May 19, 2010.
