Phrasebook Danish - Sprachführer Dänisch

General information

Danish heard like Swedish and Norwegian to the group of Scandinavian languages ​​within the Germanic languages. In Denmark it is the official language for about 5.2 million Danes, in Greenland the second official language next to Greenlandic for 56,000 Greenlanders and in the Faroe Islands the second official language next to Faroese for 47,700 Faroese. It is also the lingua franca in Iceland for 285,000 Icelanders and officially the minority language for the Danish minority in southern Schleswig in northern Germany (there mostly in the variant of southern Schleswig-Danish). The Scandinavian spoken in Skåne, which was formerly part of Denmark, is also classified as both an East Danish and a South Swedish dialect. There are special letters in Danish Æ - æ, Ø - ø and Å - åappended to the alphabet in this order. The letter ß do not exist in Danish and the letters c, q, w, x and z only occur in foreign words.

In general, it is quite easy to read Danish texts. Speaking Danish is not too difficult either; Mistakes, especially in pronunciation, are forgiven. It is more difficult to understand Danes when they speak. There are innumerable dialects. The high-level language is called rigsdansk (Reichdänisch) inscribed.

The Danes tend to swallow almost all consonants. This is especially true for final consonants (as in the German "hammer"). A completely foreign sound is the very soft, Danish one d.

In Denmark, you use your name. There is also a you-form, but at most the queen is addressed with it. The everyday language usage is reproduced in the translations (see below).

pronunciation

Vowels

a
The short 'a' sounds like in German, in open syllables it is more similar to the ä.
Examples: dag (day) is a closed syllable and da-ge (days) is an open syllable.
e
The short 'e' sounds like the short German 'ä'. It is almost voiceless in secondary syllables, like the second 'e' in the word 'roll'.
i
The short 'i' sounds like the German weak adjacent syllable -e.
O
Like the German 'o'.
u
Like the German 'u'.
æ
Like the German 'ä'.
O
Like the German 'ö'.
å
Is spoken more openly than the German 'o', the German 'Nord'.

Consonants

The Danes swallow a lot of consonants. All consonants are pronounced as soft as butter with the exception of the "s", which is always pronounced sharply.

b
like in German.
c
as in German, but only in foreign words.
d
at the beginning of sentences and syllables as in German, otherwise as soft as butter: the tongue hits the top of the throat with this exotic sound between the teeth and the roof of the mouth. That sounds like something in between an L and the English "th". The classic tongue twister is "rødgrød med fløde" - red fruit jelly with cream.
f
like in German.
G
like in German.
H
as in German, before j and v mute.
j
like in German.
k
like in German.
l
like in German.
m
like in German.
n
like in German.
p
like in German.
q
as in German, but only occurring in foreign words.
r
like in German.
s
as in German, but not buzzed, but sharp as in "Biss".
t
like in German.
v
like the German v in "Vase", like the German W.
w
as in German, but only occurring in foreign words.
x
as in German, only in foreign words, is replaced by "ks" in Danish, e.g. "ekstra".
y
like the German Ü.
z
like in German.

Character combinations

Idioms

Basics

Good day.
God dag. (Goddah)
Hello. (informal)
Hey. (Hey) or
Dav. (Dau)
How are you?
Hvordan har De / you det. (Woddän ha die / du de)
Good thank you.
Jeg har det godt, tak. (Jei ha de god, tack)
What's your name / is your name?
Hvad hedder De / you? (Wa hether the / you - on the "th" note the note on the Danish "d" above)
My name is ______ .
Jeg hedder _____ (Jei hether _____)
Nice to have met you.
Det har været deijligt, at møde Dem / dig. (De ha defends deili at möthe demm / dei)
You're welcome.
Værsgo. (Warmly)
Thanks.
Tak. (Tack)
Here you go.
Værsgo. (Warmly)
Yes.
Yes. (Yeah - a short "ä")
No.
Nej. (No )
Sorry.
Undskyld (Onskull)
Goodbye
Farvel! (Farwell)
Bye (informal)
Hey-hey! (Hey-hey)
I don't (hardly) speak Danish.
Jeg taler ikke [godt] dansk (Jei valleys ige [god] densk)
Do you speak German?
Taler De / du tysk? (Valleys the / you tüsk)
Does anyone here speak German?
He the nogen her the taler tysk? (He the non her of the valleys tüsk)
Help!
Hjælp! (Jälp)
Attention!
Required! (Forrsigti)
Good Morning.
God tomorrow! (Gomorn)
Good evening.
God aften! (Goaftn)
Good night.
God nat! (Gonatt)
Sleep well.
Sov godt! (Sou god)
I do not understand that.
Det forstår jed ikke. (De forstohr jei harrow )
Where is the toilet?
Before he toilets? (Worr he is fine)

Problems

Leave me in peace.
Lad mig være i fred. (Lä mei would be i freth - note the pronunciation of the "d", see above)
Do not touch me!
Rør mig ikke! (Röä mei harrow)
I'm calling the police.
Jeg ringer efter politiet. (Every wrestler's efth politics)
Police!
Politics! (Politi - stress on the final syllable)
Stop the thief!
Stop tyven! (Stop tüvn)
I need help.
Jeg har brug for hjælp. (Jei ha bru for jälp)
This is an emergency.
Det er et nødstilfælde. (De err et nöstillfaele)
I'm lost.
Jeg er faret vild (Jei he fart wil)
I lost my bag.
Jeg harbors min taske. (Jei ha miste min täske)
I lost my wallet.
Jeg harbors min pung. (Jei ha miste min pung)
I'm sick.
Jeg he syg. (Yes he sweet)
I'm injured.
Anything he comes to the skade. (Anyway he came skating)
I need a doctor.
Jeg har brug for en læge. (Jei ha brug for en läje)
Can I use your telephone?
Må jed låne din phone? (Moh jei pay off your phone)

numbers

Basic numbers

As you listen, note that the numbers 2, 12 and 20 (to, tolv and tyve) are pronounced similarly so that they can be confused.

0
zero (zero)
1
en, et (een, eet)
2
to (to)
3
tre (tre)
4
fire (four)
5
fem (fem)
6
sec (ßeks)
7
syv (ßju)
8
otte (odde)
9
ni (ni)
10
ti (ti)
11
elleve (elwe )
12
tolv (Great)
13
kick (pedal)
14
fjorten (fjortn)
15
distant (femmtn)
16
seksten (eat)
17
sytten (ßüttn)
18
atten (ättn)
19
nitten (nittn)
20
tyve (do)
21
enogtyve (eenotü)
22
toogtyve (tootu)
23
treogtyve (treotü)
30
tredive (tralve)
40
fyrre (forr)
50
halvtreds (halltress)
60
tres (tress)
70
halvfjerds (hallfjers)
80
firs (firrs)
90
halvfems (halfemms)
100
et hundrede (eet hunner)
200
to hundrede (to hunner)
300
tre hundrede (tre hunner)
1000
et tusind (eet do it)
2000
to do (to do)
1,000,000
en million (een mijohn)
1,000,000,000
en billion (een mijard)
1,000,000,000,000
en billion (een bijohn)
half
halvdelen (hälldeeln)
Fewer
mindre (minnre)
More
mere (sea)

Ordinal numbers

1.
første (fosts)
2.
to the (ännen)
3.
tredie (tredje)
4.
fjerde (fjärde)
5.
femte (femming)
6.
sjette (everybody)
7.
syvende (ßjunde)
8.
ottende (oddnde)
9.
niende (niende)
10.
tiende (doings)
11.
ellevte (eleventh)
12.
tolvte (romped)
13.
stepping (stepping)
14.
fjortende (fjoätnde)
15.
femtende (femmtende)
16.
seeping (eating)
17.
syttende (pouring)
18.
attende (atten)
19.
nodding (nodding)
20.
tyvende (doing)
21.
enogtyvende (eenotüende)
22.
toogtyvende (tootüende)
23.
treogtyvende (faithless)
24.
fireogtyvende (four-dozen)
25.
femogtyvende (feminine)
26.
seksogtyvende (esseksotüende)
27.
syvogtyvende (ßjuotüende)
28.
otteogtyvende (odorous)
29.
niogtyvende (ineffective)
30.
tredivte (met)
31.
enogtredivte (eenotrafte)
40.
fyrretyvende (förrtüende)
50.
halvtredsindstyvende (resilient)
60.
tresindstyvende (Tressintüende)
70.
halvfjerdsindstyvende (hällfjersintüende)
80.
firsindstyvende (firssintüende)
90.
halvfemsindstyvende (hällfemmsintüende)
100.
hundrede (hunnerde)

time

now
nu (nuh)
later
senere (ßener)
before
tidligere (tilligere)
(the morning
tomorrow (morn)
afternoon
eftermiddag (efftämiddä)
Eve
aften (juices)
night
nat (nätt)
today
i dag (idä)
yesterday
i går (igohr)
tomorrow
i tomorrow (imorn)
this week
denne uge (denne u-e)
last week
sidste uge (ßßte u-e)
next week
next uge (wet u-e)

Time

an hour
klokken et (klock eet)
two o'clock
klokken to (to)
noon
middag (middä)
thirteen o'clock
kick klokken (tickle)
fourteen O `clock
klokken fjorten (klocken fjottn)
midnight
midnat (midnätt)

Duration

_____ minute (s)
______ minute (ter) (minute (s))
_____ hour (s)
______ time (r) (profit (r))
_____ day (s)
_____ dag (e) (dä (dä-e))
_____ week (s)
_____ uge (r) (u-e (clock))
_____ month (s)
_____ måned (er) (mohneth (he))
_____ year (s)
år (ear)

Days

Sunday
søndag (ßönndä)
Monday
mandag (mändä)
Tuesday
tirsdag (tießdä)
Wednesday
onsdag (onsdä)
Thursday
torsdag (torsdä)
Friday
fredag ​​(fredä)
Saturday
lørdag (lörrdä)

Months

January
january (january)
February
february (February)
March
marts (mahts)
April
April (appril)
May
maj (my)
June
june (June)
July
July (July)
August
august (August)
September
september (September)
October
october (October)
November
november (nowember)
December
december (December)

Notation for date and time

Colours

black
sort (ßoät)
White
hvid (with - note the note on "d", see above)
Gray
grå (groh)
red
rød (red)
blue
blå (bloh)
yellow
gul (guhl)
green
green (green)
orange
orange (orange)
purple
purple (purple)
brown
brun (bruhn)

traffic

bus and train

Line _____ (Train, bus, etc.)
line________ (linje)
How much does a ticket to _____ cost?
Hvad koster en billet til _____? (Wäth costä en bijett til ____ )
A ticket to _____, please.
En billet til _______, tak. (Een bijett til ______, tack. )
Where is this train / bus going?
Hvorhen kører dette tog / denne bus? (Worrhenn körä dette toh / denne buss)
Where is the train / bus to _____?
Hvor he toget / bussen til _____? (Worr er toe / bussen til ____?)
Does this train / bus stop in _____?
Holder toget / bussen i _____? (Hollä toe / bussen i ______?)
When does the train / bus to_____ leave?
Hvornår kører toget / bussen to _____? (Worrnohr körä toe / bussen til ____?)
When does this train / bus arrive in _____?
Hvornår er toget / bussen i _____? (Worrnohr he toe / bussen i ______?)

direction

How do I get ... ?
Hvordan kommer jeg til ... (Woddän come jei til ...)
...to the train station?
... stations? (stäßjonen)
...to the bus stop?
... route stations? (rutebielstaßjonen)
...to the airport?
lufthavnen? (air hunts)
... to the city center?
... center? (center)
... to the youth hostel?
... vandrehjem? (vandrejemm)
...to the hotel?
..._____hotel? (hotel)
... to the German / Austrian / Swiss consulate?
... tysk / østrigsk / switzerland consulate? (tüsk / östriesk / schweizisk consulate)
Where are there many ...
Before the shortage ... (Was he the shortage)
... hotels?
... hoteller? (hoteller)
... restaurants?
... restauranter? (restorant)
... bars?
...? (bars)
...Tourist Attractions?
... seværdigheder? (sewärdihether)
Could you show me that on the map?
Can you see if you can? (Can the wieße mei poh korted)
road
vej (know - and not like the english way)
To the left
Til venstre (til ifstre)
To the right
Til højre (til heure)
Left
venstre (ifstre)
right
højre (hay)
straight
lige ud (liuth)
consequences
episode (följe)
after_____
efter _____ (efftä ____)
before the _____
for _____ (for ____)
north
north (norn)
south
syd (süth)
east
øst (uhst)
west
vest (west)
above
ovenfor (ouenforr)
below
nedenfor (nethnforr)

taxi

Taxi!
Taxa! (daily)
How much does it cost after _____?
Hvor meget koster det til _____? (Worr mall kostä de til ____?)
Please take me there.
Vær så venlig at køre mig derhen. (Would ßoh vennli at köer mei derrhenn)

accommodation

Do you have a free single room / double room?
Har De et ledigt enkeltværelse / dobbeltværelse? ()
How much does a room cost for one / two people?
Hvor meget koster et værelse til en person / to personer? ()
Has it in the room ...
Har værelset ... ()
...a toilet?
... et toilet? ()
...a shower?
... et brusebad? ()
...a telephone?
... a phone? ()
... a TV?
... et fjernsyn? ()
Can I see the room?
Må jed få værelset at se? ()
Have you got any room left?
Har de også et ... værelse? ()
... bigger ...
... større ... ()
... quieter ...
... roligere .. ()
... cheaper ...
... cheaper ... ()
...other...
... cheaper ... ()
Ok I'll take it.
OK, every day det. ()
I want to stay _____ night (s).
Jeg vil like to blive _____ en nat / natter. ()
Can you recommend me?
Kan De Anbefale mig ... ()
... a good hotel ...
... et godt hotel? ()
... a motel ...
... et motel? ()
... a holiday home ...
... et sommerhus? ()
Do you have a safe?
Har De en boks? ()
... a locker?
... en boks? ()
Is breakfast / dinner included?
He includes Morgenmad / Natmad? ()
What time is breakfast / dinner?
Hvornår er morgenmad / natmad? ()
Will you wake me up at _____, please?
Jeg vil like to vækkes klokken _____. ()
Please finish the calculation.
Vil de være venlig at gøre min regning finished. ()

money

Do you accept euros?
Do you accept euro? (Acceptance teacher you öuro)
Do you accept Swiss Francs?
Do you accept Swiss franc? (Acceptance teacher you swiss franchise?)
Do you accept credit cards?
Do you accept kort? (Acceptance teacher du kort)
Can you change money for me?
Can you veksle penge for mig? (Can you weksle penge for mei)
Where can I change money?
Hvor kan jeg veksle penge? (Worr can jei weksle penge)
Can you change traveler checks for me?
Can you veksle travelerchecks for me? (Can you weksle travelerchecks for mei)
Where can I change traveler checks?
Hvor kan jeg veksle travelerchecks? (Worr can jei weksle travelerchecks )
What is the rate?
Hvordan he currency rates? (Woddänn he wätlutäkursn)
Where is there an ATM?
Do you have an ATM? (Worr err a bank machine?)
Can I pay with this credit card?
Can any betale med dette credit card? (Kan jei betäle meth dette credit)

eat

A table for one / two people, please.
Et board for en person, tak. / Et board for to personer, tak. (Eet bor for een person, tack / eet bor for to personer, tack)
Could I have the menu?
Kan jeg har spisekortet? (I can ha ßpisekortet)
Can i see the kitchen
Kan jeg se køkkenet? (Can jei ße köckene)
Is there a house specialty?
Hvad er husens specialitæt? (Wäth he husens specialty)
Is there a local specialty?
Is he the en local specialty? (Err who has a local specialty)
I'm vegetarian.
Anyway, he's vegetarian. (Yes, he really does)
I do not eat pork.
Jeg spiser ikke nogen svinekød. (Jei ßpiser egge nohn ßwienekö)
I don't eat beef.
Jeg spiser ikke nogen oksekød. (Jei ßpiser egge nohn ocksekö )
I only eat kosher food.
Jeg spiser kun kosher mad. (Jei ßpiser kun kosher mäth)
Can you cook it low fat?
Can you lave fat? (Can you läwe fettfätti mäth)
Menu of the day
Dagens ret (Däjens save)
à la carte
a la carte (a la kart)
breakfast
morning mad (mornmäth)
Having lunch
frokost (happy food)
to the coffee (in the afternoon)
til kaffen / eftermiddags (till käffen / efftermiddäs)
dinner
middag (Middä) - No typo. The Danes have lunch in the evening.
I would like _____.
Jeg vil like ha ____ (Jei wants to ha ____)
I want table service _____.
Jeg vil like har tjening _____ (Jei wants to ha tjening)
chicken
kylling (külling)
Beef
okse (okse)
fish
fisk (fisk)
ham
skink (ßkinke)
sausage
pølse (pöllse)
cheese
east (uss)
Eggs
æg (Äg)
salad
salad (ßälät )
(fresh vegetables
(friske) grøntsager (friske grönntsäer)
(fresh fruits
(friske) frugter (friske earlier)
loaf
brød (bröth)
toast
toast (toast)
Pasta
pasta (pästä)
rice
ris (ries)
Beans
bønner (bönner)
Could I have a glass of _____?
Kan jed har en glas ____ (I can have it ____)
Could I have a bowl _____?
Kan jeg har en skål ____ (Can you have cabbage ____)
Could I have a bottle of _____?
Kan jeg har en flaske ____ (Can jei ha en fläske ____)
coffee
coffee (käffe)
tea
the (tea)
juice
juice (dschuhs)
Sparkling water)
Dansk vand (med kulsyre) (danish wänn (meth kuhlsühre)
water
vand (wänn)
beer
øl (oil)
Red wine / white wine
rødvin / hvidvin (röthwien / wiethwien)
Could I have some _____?
Kan jed har nogle ____ (Can jei ha nohle ____)
salt
salt (säll)
pepper
peber (pehbä)
butter
smør (ßmöä)
Sorry waiter? (Get the waiter's attention)
Those! (tjener)
I'm done.
Anything he ferdige. (Jei he ferdije.)
It was great.
Det var udmærket. (De was uthmärketh)
Please clear the table.
Vær så venlig at rydde op bordet. (Would ßoh ifli at rüdde opp bore)
I would like to pay.
Jeg vil like to betale. (Jei would like to pray)

Bars

Do you serve alcohol?
Giver det alcohol? (Greed de alcohol)
Is there a table service?
He det tjening? (Err derr tjening )
One beer / two beers please
En øl / to øl, tack. (One oil / to oil, tack)
A glass of red / white wine, please.
En glas rødvin / hvidvin, tack. (Een glaß röthwien / wiethwien, tack)
One glass, please.
En glas, tak. (Een glaß, tack)
A bottle, please.
En flaske, tak. (Een fläske, tack)
whiskey
whiskey (whiskey)
Vodka
vodka (vodka)
rum
Rome (romm)
water
vand (wänn)
soda
soda (soä)
Tonic water
tonic water (tonic water)
orange juice
appelsin juice (äppelßinn dschuhs)
Coke
Coke (Coke)
Do you have any snacks?
Har you slik? (You slick)
One more, please.
En gang til, tak. (Een go till, tack)
Another round please.
En ny round, tak. (Een nü runne, tack)
When do you close?
Hvornår lukker you? (Worrnohr lucker you)

shop

Do you have this in my size?
Are you min størrelse? (Ha you mien stubborn)
How much is it?
Hvad does it cost? (Wäth kostä deh)
This is too expensive.
det he for dyrt. (Deh err for duch)
Do you want to take _____?
Vil you days ____ (Do you want days ____)
expensive
dyr (you)
cheap
cheap (billi)
offer
tilbud (tillbu)
Clearance sale
udsalg (üsäll)
I can not afford that.
Jeg kan ikke tillade mig det. (Jei can egge tilläthe mei deh)
I do not want it.
Jeg vil det ikke. (Jei wants de harrow)
You are cheating on me.
You snyder mig. (You snoot me)
I am not interested in it
Det interesserer mig ikke. (Deh intressehrä my harrow)
Ok I'll take it.
Ok, every day det. (Okay, every day)
Can i have a bag
Kan jeg har en pose? (Can jei ha een pohse)
Do you have oversizes?
Do you overstørrelse? (You are very stubborn)
I need...
Jeg bruger ... (Jei bruer ...)
...Toothpaste.
tandpasta (tännpästä)
...a toothbrush.
tandbørste (wickedest)
... tampons.
tampons (tampons)
...Soap.
sæbe (would be)
...Shampoo.
shampoo (shampoo)
...Painkiller.
smertemiddel (ßmertemithel )
...Laxative.
afføringsmiddel (äfföringsmithel)
... something against diarrhea.
noget mod diarré (nohl moth diareh)
... a razor.
barbermaskine (barbehrmäskine)
...an umbrella.
paraply (paraplüh)
...Suncream.
solkrem (ßopkrem)
...a postcard.
et postcard (eet postcard )
... postage stamps.
frimærker (friemärker)
... batteries.
battarian (batairians)
... writing paper.
script paper (skriwepapehr)
...a pen.
pen (pen)
... German books.
tyske bøger (tühske böjer)
... German magazines.
tyske magaziner (tüske magasenger)
... German newspapers.
tyske aviser (tühske awieser)
... a German dictionary.
en tysk ordbog (een tühsk ohrboh)

Drive

Can I rent a car?
Kan jeg leje en bil? (Anything can be done)
Can I get insurance?
Can any for a forsikring? (Can always be forrsickring)
STOP
stop (ßop)
one way street
saved (Eensrette)
Give way
Respect forkørselsret. (Reßpecktehr vorkörselsrett)
No parking
Parkering forbudt. (parkehring forrbuht)
Top speed
maksimalhastighed (mäximälhästiheth)
Gas station
fuel station (tänkasstäßjon)
petrol
petrol (petrol) - in Denmark always with octane number. Super equivalent to 98 octane.
diesel
diesel (diesel)

Authorities

I did nothing wrong.
Jeg har ikke gjort nogen forkert. (Jei ha egge nohn gjorrt vorkehrt)
That was a misunderstanding.
Det var en fejltagelse. (Dee was a filing)
Where are you taking me
Hvorhen du mig? (Worrhenn you bring me)
Am i arrested?
Does he hold up any blev? (Err jei ble-u anhollt)
I am a German / Austrian / Swiss citizen.
Anything he tysk / østrigsk / schweizersk statsborger. (Jer er tühsk / östrisk / schweizersk ßäzborger)
I want to speak to the German / Austrian / Swiss embassy.
Jeg vil like tale med tysk / østrigsk / schweizersk ambassade. (Jei would like to tale meth tühsk / östrisk / schweizersk ämmbässäthe)
I want to speak to the German / Austrian / Swiss consulate.
Jeg vil like tale med tysk / østrigsk / schweizersk Konsulat. (Jei would like to meet at the meth tühsk / östrisk / schweizersk consulate)()
I want to speak to a lawyer.
Jeg vil like tale med en advokat. (Jei would like to use tale meth een ädvokät)
Can't I just pay a fine?
Kan jeg ikke betale en bod? (Can any harrow bet both)

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