Shanghai is a big city of China. Shanghai is one of four cities directly under the central government of this country. Area: 6,340.5 km2. According to China's 2010 census, Shanghai has a total population of 23,019,148 (of which the inner city is 20.6 million). In 2010, Shanghai's GDP was 1,687 billion yuan ($256.3 billion) with a GDP per capita of 76,000 yuan ($11,540). Shanghai is considered the economic capital of China.
Today, Shanghai has the busiest port in the world, more than Singapore and Rotterdam. Originally a remote fishing village, Shanghai became the most important city until the 20th Century, and a center of popular culture, political intrigue, and a gathering place for intellectuals in the world. period of the Republic of China. Shanghai was once the third largest financial center in the world, second only to New York City and London, and the largest commercial center of the Far East in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Mao Zedong has ruled China since 1949, Shanghai has entered a period of slow growth due to the high tax regime and the new government's exit from the capitalist economy. Thanks to the reform and opening up according to the market economy model initiated and led by Deng Xiaoping, especially since 1992, Shanghai has made spectacular breakthroughs in economic development and quickly surpassed through Shenzhen and Guangzhou - the earliest liberalized special zone city in the People's Republic of China to become China's economic locomotive. There are still many challenges for this city at the beginning of the 21st century such as mass migration and the gap between rich and poor. Yet despite those challenges, Shanghai's skyscrapers and vibrant urban life remain a symbol of China's economic miracle.
Areas
Shanghai Center (上海市区-Shanghai town district), or Puxi, downtown (市中心-city center), is the core area of Shanghai. This area includes the ancient Chinese city with hundreds of years of history, and the area of international settlement dating from the 1840s and until the 1930s.
Today the area is still a downtown. Multiple subway lines — 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10 — run through, and lines 12 and 13 will be put into use. Some lines run mainly in the suburbs—11 and 22—with only 1 stop in the center. Most of the tourist attractions and many hotels are also here.
The central area has 8 zones:
- Changning (长宁区; Chángníngqū) includes Hongqiao International Airport and Shanghai Zoo. Changning is very large, mainly a residential area, but in recent years, many commercial and entertainment centers have sprung up, especially the area around Zhongshan Park (Zhongshan?).
- Huangpu (黄浦区; Huángpǔqū) The traditional center of Shanghai, with People's Square, Bund, West Nanjing shopping street and many other attractions.
- This area includes Old Quarter, the area was the closed city of Shanghai before being modernized.
- Hongkou (虹口区; Hòkǒuqū) includes Lu Xun Park, the stadium.
- Jing'an (静安区; Jìngānqū) includes Jing'an Temple, an area that has been continuously inhabited since the 3rd century. The commercial district of West Nanjing Road extends from the center of Jing'an to People's Square.
- Putuo (普陀区; Pǔtuóqū) Mainly settlements..
- Xuhui (徐汇区; Xùhuìqū) The center of French Street, with 5 churches and other religious buildings, is now a shopping area with many high-rise buildings for settlement and commerce.
- Yangpu (杨浦区; Yángpǔqū) includes Fudan and Tongji University, including Gongqing Forest Park. For shoppers, Wujiaochang (五角场) is also located here.
- Zhabei (闸北区; Zháběiqū) Zhabei is the older part of Shanghai and is located near the Shanghai Railway Station. There is the large park Daning-Lingshi, to the north of the station, as well as the Shanghai circus house.
Introduce
Originally a remote fishing village, Shanghai became a most important city until the 20th Century, and a center of popular culture, political intrigue, and a gathering place for intellectuals in the world. period of the Republic of China. Shanghai was once the world's third-largest financial center, second only to New York City and London, and the largest commercial center in the Far East in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
History
Prior to the founding of the city of Shanghai, Shanghai was part of Songjiang County (松江縣), under the Suzhou (蘇州府) government. From the Song Dynasty (960-1279), Shanghai gradually became a busy port, surpassing its political role as a county seat. Today, Songjiang (淞江) is a district in the city of Shanghai.
A city wall was built in 1553 AD - the time is considered to be the beginning of the city of Shanghai. However, before the 19th century, Shanghai was not considered a major city in China. Therefore, compared to most other Chinese cities, there are very few typical ancient buildings in this city today. The few cultural sites that can be found in Shanghai today are very ancient and typical of the Three Kingdoms period due to its location in the historical and cultural center of Dongwu (222-280).
During the Qianlong Qing Dynasty, Shanghai became an important regional port of the Yangtze River and Huangpu River region. The city also became the main port of the nearby Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, although foreign trade during this period was prohibited by the imperial court. An important historical area of this period is the Wujie Chang (五角场) (present-day Yangpu district) - the foundation of the city center. Around the end of the Qianlong period, Shilupu (present-day Huangpu District) became the largest port in East Asia. The area of guild activity in Shanghai in the 1980s Shanghai's importance increased rapidly in the 1980s. 19th century as the city's strategic location at the mouth of the Yangtze River made it ideal for trade with the West. During the First Opium War in the early 19th century, British forces temporarily occupied Shanghai. The war ended in 1842 with the peace treaty of Nanjing with the result that franchised ports, including Shanghai, were open to trade. The Treaty of Bogue signed in 1843 and the Sino-American Treaty of Wangsia signed in 1844 made the West gain diplomatic privileges over China and officially existed until 1943 but essentially ceased to exist since then. late 1930s. From the 1920s to the late 30s of the 20th century, Shanghai was known as the crime city. Gangs seize power and run casinos and brothels.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom broke out in 1850 and in 1853 Shanghai was occupied by a triad called the Small Swords Society. The purges destroyed the countryside but did not touch Western settlements. Although Chinese were previously forbidden to live in foreign settlements, in 1854 new regulations allowed the Chinese to stay. Land prices increased significantly.
In 1854, the first annual meeting of the Shanghai City Council met, which was created to govern the foreign settlements. In 1863, the British settlement, located along the west bank of the Huangpu River to the south of the Suzhou tributary (Huangpu District), and the American settlement located on the west bank of the Huangpu River to the north of the tributary. Suzhou (Hankou District) merged to form the International Settlement. The French opted to move out of the Shanghai City Council and instead maintain the French Concession, located to the west of the International Settlement. This period saw a large number of emigrants from Europe and North America, who called themselves "Shanghighlanders".
The Qing Japanese War broke out in 1894-1895 with Japan gaining control of Korea under the Treaty of Shimonoseki, with it emerging as an additional power in Shanghai, and soon the Other great powers followed suit.
Climate
| Climate | T. One | T. Hai | T. Ba | T. Fourth | T. Year | T. Six | T. Seven | T. Eight | T. Nine | T. Ten | Eleven | Twelve |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High day (°C) | 8 | 9 | 13 | 19 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 31 | 27 | 23 | 17 | 11 |
| Low night (°C) | 1 | 2 | 6 | 11 | 16 | 21 | 25 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 9 | 3 |
| Christmas (mm) | 51 | 57 | 99 | 89 | 102 | 170 | 156 | 158 | 137 | 63 | 46 | 37 |
Humidity is high year-round and can exculpate temperature extremes | ||||||||||||
Shanghai's latitude is about the same as New Orleans, Brisbane, or Cairo, whose climate is classified as humid subtropical. Summer temperatures often get over 35 °C (95 °F) with very high humidity, which means you will sweat a lot and need to change clothes all the time. Thunderstorms also occur relatively frequently during the summer, so an umbrella should be brought (or purchased after arrival) just in case. There is some risk of hurricanes during the July-September season, but these are not common.
In contrast, during winter, temperatures rarely rise above 10 °C (50 °F) during the day, and often drop below 0 °C (32 °F) at night. Snowfall is rare, but the transport network can sometimes be disrupted in the event of a sudden snowstorm. Despite the fact that winter temperatures in Shanghai are not particularly low, the cold wind factor combined with high humidity can actually make it feel less comfortable than in some places much colder. which experiences frequent snowfall. Spring can have prolonged periods of cloudy, often rainy, weather, while autumn is generally mild to warm and sunny.
Arrive
By air
Shanghai is one of China's main tourist hubs so getting in/out is easy. Shanghai has two main airports, with Pudong being the main international gateway and Hongqiao serving mainly domestic flights. local but also a number of international destinations in Asia, so be sure to check a flight you leave from. Transfer between the two takes about 1 hour away by taxi. There is also a direct shuttle bus.
You can get between the two airports in almost two hours by metro. Both airports are on route two, the East-West route through downtown Shanghai, but at either end of it. You can reduce the time by taking the Maglev train (described in the next section) part of the way. You can do a tour with a few hours to spare and wish to get a quick look at Shanghai (and not too much luggage) can get off at East Nanjing Road and walk a few block to the Bund.
Both airports also have direct bus services to nearby major cities such as Hangzhou, Suzhou and Nanjing, although new rapid trains may be appropriate, especially from Hongqiao Airport in there is Hongqiao station quite nearby (a metro station or quite a long walk).
Domestic flight tickets are best booked in advance at one of the many travel agencies or online, but can also be purchased at the airport on the day of departure. Fares are usually cheap, but vary depending on the season, numbers over ¥400-1200 for Beijing-Shanghai. The low-cost carrier Spring Airlines is based out of Shanghai with routes to most of China's major tourist attractions, and regularly offers great discounts on tickets booked through its official website. [4] For budget travelers, it is usually cheaper to book a flight along a major transport route (Shanghai-Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenzhen, etc.) and section The rest travel by bus or train.
The city of Hangzhou, about a 45-minute train ride from Shanghai, should also be considered if having a hard time finding tickets to Pudong or Hongqiao. And if coming from Southeast Asia, since Air Asia has a cheap flight from Kuala Lumpur International to Hangzhou. See discount airlines in Asia.
Shanghai Pudong International Airport is 19 km from the city center, while Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is 13 km west of the city center.
By train/train
By car
By bus
By ship
Vehicles
Visit
- Minh Chau TV tower next to the Huangpu River. At a height of 263 meters is a circular courtyard. This is the place for visitors to enjoy the panoramic view of Shanghai
Play
Learn
When you want to learn Chinese in Shanghai, you can enroll in a university or language school.
Chinese schools in Shanghai:
- Mandarin House (美和汉语) Email address: [email protected]
- Chinese LTL Email address: [email protected], phone: 86 (0) 21 3368 0866
- Meizhi Mandarin Email address: [email protected], phone: 86 (0) 21 5230 0140
- Hutong School Shanghai Email address: [email protected], phone: 86 (0) 21 3428 0099