Turkish phrasebook - Turka frazlibro

Turkish phrasebook

La Turkish (Turkish: Türkçe) is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages ​​and is the official language of Türkçe Turkish Republic and the co - official language of Cyprus, but is spoken and useful only in Northern Cyprus. It is also a recognized minority language in Kosovo, Northern Macedonia, and Romania. Its closest living relatives are other Turkic languages ​​that are spoken in southwest, central, and northern Asia; and to some degree is spoken in southwestern Europe (the Balkan Peninsula). Outside of Turkey itself, having knowledge of Turkish is helpful in neighboring countries, especially in the Balkan countries of Kosovo, Northern Macedonia, and Bulagario where there are significant Turkish communities, and to some degree in Azerbaijan, where Turkish is also somewhat intelligible with Azerbaijani. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Germany, which has a large Turkish immigrant community. Although the people who are zealots of Central Asia speak Turkic languages, the similarities between Kazakh and Turkish (for example) are only rudimentary.

Pronounced

Pronunciation of Turkish seems difficult to non-native speakers, as many of the words are very long and look like tongue-twisters. But with a little practice, the pronunciation becomes easier. The spelling of Turkish is as phonetic as Esperanto, so as soon as you know the pronunciation of each letter, reading should not be a problem, because all words are pronounced exactly as they are written. However, Turkish has some vowel sounds that are not known in many other languages, so they can be difficult to learn.

Vowels

The harmony of vowels

Turkish has a rare feature that is called vocal harmony, which means that the vowels (a, e, i, ı, o, ö, u, ü) can never be found next to each other in the same word, except for a few foreign words, mostly from Arabic.

The Turkish vowels are

  • A - short sound, like a en apud
  • E - short sound, like e en you are
  • İ - how i en inter
  • I - the short "schwa" (ə) vowel. This sound does not exist in Esperanto. It sounds between "a" and "e"
  • O - how o en eye
  • Ö - this sound does not exist in Esperanto. It is pronounced as "ö" from German. Its pronunciation should be like a lip-rounded "e"
  • U - short sound like u en city
  • Ü - does not exist in Esperanto. It is pronounced as "ü" from German. Its pronunciation should be like a lip-rounded "i"

Also remember that, lowercase the two letters İ and I looks different. The lowercase form of İ is i, and the lowercase form of I is ı.

Consonants

  • B - how good
  • C - how ĝ en correct
  • Ç - how approx en because
  • D - how doctor
  • F - how to do
  • G - how glove
  • Ğ - silent letter, which means to lengthen the previous vowel
  • H - how horo
  • J - how ĵ en thing
  • K - how color
  • L - how limo
  • M - how hand
  • N - how name
  • P - how porti
  • A - this sound does not exist in Esperanto. It is a difficult consonant in Turkish. It sounds between "d" and "t" in Esperanto
  • S - how sun
  • Ş - how ŝ en to like
  • T - how whole
  • V - approximately between "v" and "ŭ" in Esperanto
  • Y - how j en year
  • Z - how z en care

Common diphthongs

List of sentences

Basic

Usual inscriptions

AÇIK
Open
KAPALI
Closed
GİRİŞ
Entrance
ÇIKIŞ
Exit
İTİNİZ
Push
ÇEKİNİZ
Shoot
TUVALET / WC
I need it
BAY
(Por) vira
BAYAN
(For) woman
DİKKAT
Be careful
YASAK / YASAKTIR
Prohibited
Hello. (Formal)
Merhaba. (mer ha ba)
Hello. (Informal)
Selam. (sel am)
How are you (Formal / plural)
Nasılsınız? (na sal san az)
How are you (Informal / singular)
Nasılsın? (and sal san)
How are you (A very informal, linguistic contraction of "Ne haber?", Literally "What's new?")
Do you have any? (na ber)
I'm fine, thank you.
İyiyim, teşekkürler. (i ji jim, te shek ur ler)
What's your name? (Formal)
Adınız nedir? (ad an az ne dir)
My name is ______.
Adım ______. (Ad am ______.) Benim adım ______. (Ben im ad am ______.)
I'm glad to meet you!
Memnun oldum. (even now than while)
Please.
Lütfen. (lut fen) (you do not have to use this word to be correct; it is used for emphasis as a plea or command)
Thank you.
Teşekkür ederim. (te ček ur e der im)
Thank you.
Bir şey değil. (bir shee of jil)
Yes.
Evet. (and vet)
No.
Hayır. (ha jar)
Forgive me. (get attention / correct)
Bakar mısınız? (ba kar ma sa naz)
Forgive me. (apologize)
Afedersiniz. (af fer der sin niz)
I'm sorry.
Özür dilerim. (the zur of the rims)
I'm sorry.
Sorry. (by donation)
Goodbye. (formal / plural, used by the person leaving)
Hoşçakalın. (hoš cha kalan)
Until. (informal / singular, used by the person leaving)
Hoşçakal. (hoŝ cha kal)
Goodbye. (used by the remaining people)
Güle güle. (gule gule)
I don't speak Turkish well.
[İyi] Türkçe konuşamıyorum. ([i ji] turk-at conusha-me-jur-um)
Do you speak Esperanto / English? (formal / plural)
[Esperanto / İngilizce] biliyor musunuz? ([esperanto / in gliz ĝe] bi li jor mu su nuz)
Is there anyone here who speaks Esperanto / English?
Burada [Esperanto / İngilizce] konuşan birisi var mı? (bur-a-da [esperanto / in gliz ĝe] ko nu chang bi ri se wurm)
Help!
Yardım! (jar dam)
Good morning.
Günaydın. (gun aj dan)
Good day. (frequent greeting throughout the day)
İyi günler. (i ji gun ler)
Good evening.
İyi akşamlar. (i ji ak cham lar)
Good night.
İyi geceler. (i ji ge ĝej ler)
I don't understand.
Anlamıyorum (an-la-ma-jur-um), Anlamadım (an la ma dam)
Where is the toilet?
Tuvalet nerede? (you will let ner e de)

Problems

Leave me.
()
Don't touch me.
()
I'll call the police.
()
Police!
()
Stop! Thief!
()
I need your help.
()
There is an emergency / crisis situation.
()
I'm lost.
()
I lost my suitcase.
()
I lost my wallet.
()
I'm sick.
()
I was hurt.
()
I need a doctor.
()
May I use your phone?
()

Numbers

1
()
2
()
3
()
4
()
5
()
6
()
7
()
8
()
9
()
10
()
11
()
12
()
13
()
14
()
15
()
16
()
17
()
18
()
19
()
20
()
21
()
22
()
23
()
30
()
40
()
50
()
60
()
70
()
80
()
90
()
100
()
200
()
300
()
1,000
()
2,000
()
1,000,000
()
1,000,000,000
()
1,000,000,000,000
()
line / number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
_____ ( _____)
half
()
less
()
more
()

Time

now
()
later
()
before
()
soon
()
morning
()
forenoon
()
afternoon
()
evening
()
night
()

Clock time

at one o'clock in the morning
()
at two o'clock in the morning
()
noon
()
at one o'clock in the afternoon
()
at two o'clock in the afternoon
()
midnight
()

Duration

_____ minute (s)
_____ (_____ )
_____ hour (s)
_____ (_____ )
_____ day (s)
_____ (_____ )
_____ week (s)
_____ (_____ )
_____ month (s)
_____ (_____ )
_____ year (s)
_____ (_____ )

Days

today
()
yesterday
()
the day before yesterday
()
tomorrow
()
the day after tomorrow
()
this week
()
last week
()
next week
()
Monday
()
Tuesday
()
Wednesday
()
Thursday
()
Friday
()
Saturday
()
Sunday
()

Months

January
()
February
()
March
()
April
()
May
()
June
()
July
()
August
()
September
()
October
()
November
()
December
()

Write time and date

<! - Donu ekzemplojn kiel skribi horloĝajn tempojn kaj datojn. ->

Colors

black
()
white
()
gray
()
red
()
blue
()
yellow
()
green
()
orange
()
purple
()
brunette
()

Transport

Bus and train

How much is a ticket to _____?
_____ ( _____)
I would like a ticket to _____.
_____ ( _____)
Where is this train / bus going?
()
Where is the train / bus to _____?
_____ ( _____)
Will this train / bus stop in / at _____?
_____ ( _____)
When will the train / bus leave for _____?
_____ ( _____)
When will this train / bus arrive at _____?
_____ ( _____)

Directions

How can I reach ______?
_____ ( _____)
... the train station?
()
... the bus station / stop?
()
... the airport?
()
... downtown?
()
... the youth hostel?
()
... the hotel ______?
_____ ( _____)
... the _____ consulate?
_____ ( _____)
Where are many _____?
_____ ( _____)
... hotels?
()
... restaurants
()
... bars
()
... sights
()
Can you show me on the map?
()
layer
()
Turn left.
()
Turn right.
()
on the left
()
right
()
straight ahead
()
to the ______
_____ ( _____)
beyond the ______
_____ ( _____)
before the ______
_____ ( _____)
Look at the ______.
_____( _____)
crossroads
()
north
()
south
()
east
()
the west
()

Taxi

Taxi!
()
Please drive me to ______.
_____ ( _____)
How much does a trip to ______ cost?
_____ ( _____)
Please drive me there.
()

Accommodation

Do you have a room available?
()
How much is a room for one person / two people?
()
Is the room with _____?
_____ ( _____)
... litotuko?
()
... bathroom?
()
... phone?
()
... television?
()
Can I see the room first?
()
Do you have any _____
_____ ( _____)
... quieter?
()
... more extensive?
()
... cleaner?
()
... cheaper?
()
Okay, I take it.
()
I will stay for _____ night (s).
_____ ( _____)
Can you suggest me another hotel?
()
Do you have _____
_____ ( _____)
... safe?
()
... a key?
()
Does the price include breakfast / dinner?
()
When is breakfast / dinner?
()
Please clean my room.
()
Could you wake me up at _____?
_____ ( _____)
I want to get out of the hotel.
()

Money

Can I use US / Australian / Canadian dollars?
()
Can I use the euro?
()
Can I use Japanese yen?
()
Can I use a British pound?
()
Can I use a Swiss / African / Pacific franc?
()
Can I use a dinar?
()
Can I use a credit card?
()
Can you change my money?
()
Where can I change my money?
()
Can you change my traveler's check?
()
Where can my traveler's check be exchanged?
()
What is the exchange rate?
()
Where is an ATM?
()

Eating

A table for one person / two people, please.
()
I ask for the menu.
()
Can I look in the kitchen?
()
Can you recommend me?
()
Do you have a local specialty?
()
I am a vegetarian.
()
I'm vegan.
()
I only eat kosher.
()
I don’t eat _____.
()
... meat.
()
... fish.
()
... sea animals.
()
... an egg.
()
... dairy.
()
... gluten.
()
... wheat.
()
... nuts.
()
... peanuts.
()
... soy.
()
Please do not use oil / butter / grease.
()
common meal
()
food according to the card
()
breakfast
()
lunch
()
snack
()
dinner
()
_____, please
... _____ ()
Food containing _____, please.
()
chicken / n
()
beef / n
()
fish / n
()
ham / n
()
sausage / n
()
cheese / n
()
ovo / n
()
salty / n
()
(raw) vegetable
()
(raw) fruit
()
pano / n
()
toasto / n
()
noodle / n
()
rice / n
()
fazeolo / n
()
I ask for one glass of _____.
_____ ( _____)
I ask for one cup of _____.
_____ ( _____)
I ask for one bottle of _____.
_____ ( _____)
coffee
()
teo
()
juice
()
water
()
tap water
()
sparkling water
()
free water
()
beer
()
red / white wine
()
I ask for some _____.
_____ ( _____)
salt
()
pepper
()
Excuse me, waiter?
()
I finished eating.
()
It was delicious.
()
Please take the plates away.
()
I want to pay. / The bill, please.
()

Drinking

Do you serve alcohol?
()
Do you serve a table?
()
Beer / Two beers, please.
()
One glass of red / white wine, please.
()
One pitcher, please.
()
One bottle, please.
()
_____ and _____, please.
()
whiskey / n
()
vodka / n
()
rumo / n
()
water / n
()
mineral water / n
()
sodakvo / n
()
tonic water / n
()
orange juice
()
kolao / n
()
Do you have bar snacks?
()
One more, please.
()
One more row, please.
()
When is closing time?
()
Cheers!
()

Purchase

Do you have this one in my size?
()
How much does it cost?
()
It's too expensive.
()
Do you accept _____?
()
expensive
()
cheap
()
I can't pay the cost.
()
I don't want it.
()
You are defrauding me.
()
I'm not interested.
()
All right, I'll buy it.
()
I ask for a bag?
()
Can you send it (abroad)?
()
I need _____.
()
... toothpaste / n.
()
... dentbroso / n.
()
... tampons.
()
... sapo / n.
()
... shampoo.
()
... medication for pain.
()
... medicine for colds.
()
... medicine for the stomach.
()
... razilo / n.
()
... umbrella.
()
... sunscreen / oil.
()
... postcard.
()
... stamp.
()
... batteries.
()
... writing paper / n.
()
... pen / n.
()
... book / s in the _____ language.
()
... newspaper in the _____ language.
()
... newspaper in the _____ language.
()
..._____- Esperanto dictionary.
()

Driving

I want to rent a car.
()
Can I get insurance?
()
stop (sign)
()
one-way street
()
slowly
()
do not park
()
speed limit
()
gas station
()
petrol
()
diesel
()

Authority

I did nothing wrong.
()
That was a misunderstanding.
()
Where are you taking me?
()
Am I under arrest?
()
I am a citizen of _____.
_____ ( _____)
I want to talk to the _____ embassy / consulate.
_____ ( _____)
I want to consult a lawyer.
()
Will I just pay a fine now?
()

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