Solomon Islands - 所罗门群岛

Solomon IslandsIs an island country in the South Pacific, located inAustralianortheast,Papua New GuineaDongfang is a member of the British Commonwealth. There are more than 990 islands with a total land area of ​​28,450 square kilometers. The capital of Solomon IslandsHoniara, Is the location of the turning point of the Second World War in the Pacific. Solomon Islands is one of the least developed countries (underdeveloped countries) in the world, with a human development index of 0.610.

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history

The Melanesians first came to settle in the Solomon Islands. Since the middle of the 16th century,EuropeanDiscover the Solomon Islands one after another. In 1568,SpainNautical explorer Alvaro de Mendania came here and saw the local indigenous people wearing gold ornaments. He thought that he had found the vault of King Solomon's great wealth, so he named it the Solomon Islands. For the next two centuries, the Solomon Islands lost contact with the outside world. In 1767,UKNavigator Philip Carteret rediscovered the Solomon Islands. In 1768,FranceExplorer Louis Antoine Bougainville discovered the northern islands of the Solomon Islands.

On June 22, 1975, the British Solomon Islands was renamed the Solomon Islands. Autonomy was implemented on January 2, 1976. In June 1976, a general election for the Legislative Council was held. Independence on July 7, 1978 becameCommonwealthMember states.

On April 15, 2006, the Solomon Islands held parliamentary elections. The new parliament elected former Deputy Prime Minister Snyder Rini as Prime Minister of the Government. However, the opposition believed that the election was fraudulent, and some indigenous people also accused Snyder Rini of usingTaipeiandBeijingThe funds were bribed parliamentarians to buy votes. Both the Government of the Republic of China and the Government of the People's Republic of China denied this. On April 18, hundreds of demonstrators staged protests and riots in the parliament building, the Prime Minister’s Office and the downtown business district in the capital Honiara. There were many incidents of smashing and looting on the street. Most Chinese shops were It was burned down, and the Chinese nationals were also subjected to severe violent attacks. On April 20, Rini was secretly sworn in. On the same day,AustraliaSend 180 soldiers and federal police to the Solomon Islands to help maintain law and order. From April 22 to 24, the Beijing government dispatched four chartered flights to the Solomon Islands to evacuate 312 Chinese nationals trapped in the riots.Papua New GuineaofMoresbyHong Kong and forwarded back to China. On April 26, Prime Minister Rini announced his resignation in the Parliament Building.

On May 4, the Solomon Islands Parliament elected Menasi Sogavare as the Prime Minister of the new government.

On December 13, 2007, the Solomon Islands Parliament voted 25 to 22 to pass a no-confidence case against Prime Minister Menasi Sogvarre. Sogwary became the first prime minister of this South Pacific island nation to step down due to a vote of no confidence in the parliament since its independence in 1978. At the parliament meeting that day, a former minister of the Sogwary cabinet put forward a motion of no confidence in Sogwarye on the grounds that the prime minister had seriously damaged the diplomatic relations of the Solomon Islands, and it was passed.

The Solomon Islands Parliament elected Derek Sikua as the prime minister of this South Pacific island nation on December 20, to succeed Menasi Sogvaré who stepped down due to a vote of no confidence in the parliament. The party supporting Sikua won 32 affirmative votes out of 47 votes in the parliament that day. Sikua was 48 years old, Ph.D., and former Minister of Education and Human Resources Development.

geography

Location and scope

The Solomon Islands is a vast island country located to the east of Papua New Guinea, bordering the Solomon Sea to the west and the Coral Sea to the southwest. It consists of multiple islands: Choiseul, Shortland Islands, New Zealand New Georgia Islands, Santa Isabel, Russell Islands, Florida Keys, Malaita, Guadalcanal, Sikaiana , Maramasike, Ulawa, Uki, Makira, Santa Ana, Rennel, Bellona and Santa Cruz Islands). The distance between the westernmost and easternmost islands is approximately 1,500 kilometers. In particular, the Santa Cruz Islands, located north of Vanuatu, are more than 200 kilometers away from other islands.

Island genesis

Most of the islands are volcanic islands. Volcanoes with different levels of activity are located on some of the larger islands, while many smaller islands are just small atolls covered by sand and palm trees.

Climate and terrain

The highest peak in the whole country, Popomanacio Mountain, at an altitude of 2,330 meters, is located on Guadalcanal Island.

The equatorial ocean air mass prevails all year round, and the climate is equatorial rainy. The average annual precipitation is around 3000 mm.

Ecology

The Solomon Islands consists of two distinct terrestrial ecological regions. Most of the islands, along with the Bougainville and Buka islands belonging to Papua New Guinea, belong to the Solomon Islands rainforest ecoregion; the Santa Cruz Islands are the main group east of Solomon. The nearby Vanuatu Islands belong to the Vanuatu Rainforest Ecological Zone. These two ecological regions, together with the neighboring New Caledonia, Bismarck Islands, New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand, belong to the scope of the Australasia continental ecological region.

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