Chlisselbourg - Wikivoyage, the free collaborative travel and tourism guide - Chlisselbourg — Wikivoyage, le guide de voyage et de tourisme collaboratif gratuit

Chlisselburg ​((ru)Шлиссельбург)
Information
Country	Russia
Area	16 km²
Population	14 763 hab. (2017)
Density	922,69 inhab./km²
Postal code	187320
Spindle	UTC 03:00
Location
59 ° 56 ′ 56 ″ N 31 ° 2 ′ 13 ″ E
Official site
edit

Chlisselburg is a city ofLeningrad oblast in Russia. Located on the shores of Lake Lagoda on the left bank of the Neva River from which it is the outlet. The city is a possibility for a day trip to escape the hustle and bustle of Saint PETERSBOURG. The "island of nuts" ((ru)Ореховый остров), on which we find the fortress "Orechek" is the main tourist attraction.

Understand

Located on the mainland, opposite the fortress island of Orechek, the city was founded in 1702 by Peter the Great. It has historic buildings, including several 18th century churches.^e century. Perhaps the most remarkable monument is the Old Ladoga Canal, work on which began in 1719 at the behest of Peter I and was completed under the direction of Marshal Burckhardt Christoph von Münnich twelve years later. The canal stretches for 104 versts (111 km); its granite locks date from 1836.

During World War II, the city - but not the fortress - was taken by the Wehrmacht. The reconquest of Schlüsselburg by Soviet forces in 1943 reopened access to Leningrad besieged. Between 1944 and 1992, the name of the city was Russified in Petrokrepost (literally "the fortress of Peter"). Chlisselbourg regained its old name in 1992.

To go

By bus

There is a bus every 15 to 20 min Between 6 h and 23 h 30 from the metro station  (in)Ulitsa Dybenko /(ru)Улица Дыбенко Take bus 575 and get off at the terminus in Chlisselburg. The journey costs 70 RUB (~0,77 € - course of 04/27/2021) (~ 0.85 Fr. - price of 04/27/2021) (~ C $ 1.16 - class on 04/27/2021) (~ $ 0.93 - class on 04/27/2021) (~ 506.96 F CFA - price of 04/27/2021) and takes around 1 h .

• 59.94431.03261 Bus station  – Bus 575 terminus. (last update May 2016)

By train

On the right bank of the Neva river opposite is the "Petrokrepost" train station. Commuter trains depart from the Finland station in St. Petersburg. The journey takes about 1 h.

• 59.961331.02872 Petrokrepost Station ((ru)Петрокрепость)  (last update May 2016)

By car

Chlisselburg can be easily reached by road from MurmanskM18E105. Leave the Murmansk road just after the bridge over the Neva turn right, then go under the bridge and continue north. Chlisselbourg is at 3 km.

Circulate

To see

The island

59.95382831.0391591 Orechek Fortress ((ru)Крепость "Орешек") на Ореховом острове,   7 812 498-06-79, 7 812 498-05-11 May 1 to October 31: Mon.- Sun. : 11 h - 18 h.  200 RUB (~2,21 € - course of 04/27/2021) (~ 2.44 Fr. - price of 04/27/2021) (~ C $ 3.31 - class on 04/27/2021) (~ $ 2.67 - class on 04/27/2021) (~ 1 448.45 F CFA - price of 04/27/2021). –  (last update March 2018)

The fortress, which predated the city by several centuries, was first a wooden fort named Orechek (or Orekhov), built in 1323 by Grand Prince Yuri of Moscow (in his capacity as Prince of Novgorod), in the name of the Republic of Novgorod. It defended the approaches to Novgorod in the north and access to the Baltic Sea. The fortress is located on Orekhovets Island, the name of which refers to the word " nuts " in Swedish, Finnish (Pähkinäsaari, literally "Isle of Nuts") and Russian.

After a series of conflicts, a peace treaty was signed in Orechek, August 12, 1323, between Sweden, the great prince Yuri and the republic of Novgorod. The Treaty of Nöteborg was the first border agreement between Eastern and Western Christendom, which crosses present-day Finland. A modern stone monument, erected north of Saint John's Church, in the fortress, commemorates this treaty.

Two and a half decades later, King Magnus Eriksson briefly attacked and captured the fortress during his crusade in the region in 1348–1352. It was largely devastated when the Novgorodians retook the fortress in 1351. It was rebuilt in stone in 1352 by Archbishop Vassili Kalika (1330-1352), who, according to the First Chronicle of Novgorod, had been sent by the Novgorodians after several Russian and Lithuanian princes ignored the city's requests to help them rebuild and defend the fort. The remains of the 1352 enclosure were unearthed in 1969 and can be seen just north of St. John's Church in the center of the present fortress.

The Swedes seized the fortress in 1611, during the War of Ingria. In the Swedish Empire, the fortress was known as Nöteborg ("Fortress of the nuts"), in Swedish or Pähkinälinna in Finnish. It became the center of the northern county Ingrien Nöteborg (slottslän). Nöteborg in Swedish (in Russian Нотеборг) is the contraction of Nötten ("Nuts") and Borg ("City"), which means "walled city".

Under Peter the Great, during the Northern War, the fortress was taken by the Russians by means of an amphibious attack (1702). It then received its current name of Chlisselbourg, transcription of Schlüsselburg, which means "Key fortress" in German, with reference to the perception of the fortress by Peter the Great, as the "Key to Ingria".

During the days of Imperial Russia, the fortress was an infamous political prison. Among his best-known prisoners were Wilhelm Küchelbecker, Bakunin, Ivan Kaliaev and, for thirty-eight years, Walerian Łukasiński. Ivan VI of Russia was assassinated there in 1764 and Lenin's brother, Alexander Ulyanov, hanged in 1887.

Of its ten towers, the fortress retains only six (five Russians and one Swedish). The remains of an interior church have been transformed into a monument in memory of the defenders of the fortress, which has hosted a rock concert every year since 2003. There is also a museum of political prisons of the Russian Empire as well as a small collection of cannons from the Second World War.

In the city

• 59.94417931.0320192 Church of the Annunciation (Благовещенский собор)  – 1764 The church was built on the site of a wooden church built in 1728. The current baroque stone church was built in 1764 and the tower was added to it in 1778. In 1864 the church received the statute of cathedral, and in the years 1877-1882 was rebuilt on the basis of a project of the architect Karpov. In 1935 the cathedral was closed but, oddly enough, operated during the Great Patriotic War. Today the building is being renovated. (last update May 2016)

• 59.943931.0316973 St. Nicholas Church ((ru)Никольская церковь)  – This 1770 church was restored in 1990. (last update May 2016)
• 59.94433531.0326744 Kazan Chapel ((ru)Казанская часовня)  – Built between 1845 and 1847 and designed by architect Ershov on the site of an old wooden chapel. (last update May 2016)
• 59.94416831.0301085 Chain bridge ((ru)Цепной мост)  – These are the remains of a suspension bridge using chains instead of cables. (last update May 2016)
• 59.94465231.0337796 Petrovsky Bridge (Петровский мост)  – 1826-1832 This bridge is located near the Cathedral of the Annunciation and was built to span the now overgrown Ladoga Canal. When it was built, the bridge had two bascule spans of 8.5 meters each. The bridge offers a magnificent view of the locks of the Ladoga canal, built in 1730. On the banks of the canal is an imposing anchor from the time of Peter the Great, recovered from the bottom of the Neva in Chlisselburg. (last update May 2016)

Do

To buy

Eat

• 59.941831.03471 Café-stolovaya Appetit (Кафе-Столовая "Аппетит") д.1, Затонная ул.,   7 8 981 833 44 55  9 h - 20 h. – Canteen, decent and inexpensive food. (last update jul. 2016)

Have a drink / Go out

Housing

• 59.9404431.046471 Гостиница "Петровская" Староладожский канал, 1,   7 81362 76-238 (last update May 2016)

• 59.946531.03522 Мини отель "Starhouse Club" ,   7 921 964-33-11, fax : 7 81362 745-33, e-mail : [email protected] (last update March 2018)

Communicate

• 59.9434631.035681 Post Office 1 Maya ul., 4,   7 813 627-41-30  Mon.- Fri. : 8 h - 14 h and15 h - 20 h, sat. : 8 h - 14 h and15 h - 18 h. (last update May 2016)

Manage the day-to-day

Around