Hradec Králové Region

Hradec Králové Region

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Capital city	Hradec Králové

Currency	the Czech crown
Surface	4758
Population	547 903
Tongue	Czech

Hradec Králové Region - an administrative unit Czech. It covers an area of 4 758 km² and is inhabited by 547 903 inhabitants. It borders with the Pardubice country, Central Bohemia, the Liberec country and the Dolnośląskie Voivodeship (in Poland). Its territory is part of the territorial district of East Bohemia.

Characteristic

Geography

The Hradec Králové Region, which is part of the East Bohemian Region, is located in Northern Bohemia. It borders in the north and east with the Dolnośląskie Voivodeship, in the south with the Pardubice country, and in the west with the countries of Liberec and Central Bohemia. Its total area is 4 758 km².

The territory of the Hradec Králové region lies entirely within the Bohemian Massif, which is a physical and geographic province in Central Europe. It is an upland-mountain region, which in the area of the above-mentioned country is made up of: Western and Central Sudetes and the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. The highest point is Śnieżka, which is also the highest peak in the Czech Republic. The main river flowing through this region of the Czech Republic is the Elbe.

Climate

The climatic conditions are typical of the temperate zone, with frequent influences from air masses from the Atlantic Ocean. Masses of warm tropical continental-type tropical air flow over the country from the south. It is quite warm in the summer, and the inhabitants pass through the winter without any major frosts. The sum of rainfall, excluding mountain areas, is relatively low and amounts to about 500-700 mm a year.

History

The first traces of human presence in the Hradec Králové region come from prehistory. The people of the local area represented a wide variety of archaeological cultures and lived mainly in the Elbe valley. From the 10th century, the country was part of the Czech state, and its capital - Hradec Králové was the seat of the principality, in which there was a castle, and then a fortress belonging to the Přemyslids. The development of monasteries was of great importance for the economic and cultural development, of which the most influential was the Benedictine monastery in Broumov, a town on the border of Bohemia, the Kłodzko region and Silesia.

In the 15th century, the Hradec Králové region became the center of the Hussite movement in Bohemia, and in the years 1423-1424, their commander, Jan Žižka, was based here. In the 16th century, Hradec Kralove became the capital. After the Hussite wars ended, the region played an important role in the union of the East-Bohemian regions and the Hradec Králové administrative region - Circulus Reginohradecensis, which functioned until 1862. It was ruled by two, and from 1751 only one, commissioner.

The successful development of the country and its inhabitants was stopped during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), during which it was almost completely destroyed. After its completion, its slow reconstruction took place, and Hradec Kralove became one of the main centers of counter-reformation in the Czech Republic. Here, in 1636, the Jesuit College was established, and in 1664, the Hradek Diocese of the Catholic Church was founded, being a suffragan of the Prague Archdiocese. This process was completed in the 18th century, but the region was still inhabited by many Protestants. The growing obligations of the peasants to the nobility led to numerous rebellions, the largest of which took place in 1775.

The turn of the 18th and 19th centuries brought a certain economic stabilization. Manufactories were established in Potštejn and Trutnov. The exploitation of iron and other ores, including silver, in the Giant Mountains and glass production in the Orlické Mountains, and the development of hard coal mining in the vicinity of Žacléř and Jestřebí.

As a result of the defeat of the Habsburgs in the Silesian wars and the takeover of Silesia and the Kłodzko County by Prussia, the Hradecki Land became a border region. As a result, it led to the expansion of the fortress in Hradec and the construction of a new fortress in Josefov. In 1866, the Prussian-Austrian warfare took place in this area. At that time, Hradec Kralove was one of the main centers of the Czech National Revival. The industrial revolution that took place in the Austrian Empire in the nineteenth century led to the transformation of the region and the transformation from a land dominated by agriculture in its economy to the development of modern industry. New factories were built. In 1857, the first railway line was built. Most cities continued to expand and develop demographically. At the beginning of the 20th century, the capital of the region began to transform into a local metropolis.

After the end of World War I, the Hradec Králové Region became one of the constituent parts of the newly created state - Czechoslovakia. The threat from the Third Reich in the 1930s influenced the development of border fortifications, which have been preserved intact to our times.

After 1945 and the defeat of Germany in World War II, the communists took power in Czechoslovakia, who completely liquidated private property. From 1960, the area of the present country was included in a new administrative unit - the East Bohemian region. In 1990, the self-government of this region was restored. As a result of the administrative reform of the Czech Republic in 2000, the present Hradec Králové Region was created.

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This website uses content from the website: Hradec Králové Region published on Wikitravel; authors: w editing history; Copyright: under license CC-BY-SA 1.0

Hradec Králové Region - Kraj hradecki

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