This article lists the practices listed in UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in Germany.
Understand
The country has four practices listed on the "representative list of intangible cultural heritage "From UNESCO and one in the"register of best practices for safeguarding culture ».
No practice is repeated on the "emergency backup list ».
Lists
Representative list
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The idea and practice of common interests organized in cooperatives | 2016 | social practices, rituals and festive events | A cooperative is an association of volunteers providing social, cultural or economic services to community members to improve living standards, overcome common problems and foster positive change. Based on the principle of subsidiarity which places personal responsibility above State action, cooperatives contribute to community practice, through common values and interests, to implement innovative solutions to societal problems. , job creation and assistance for the elderly to urban revitalization and renewable energy projects. Anyone can participate, with members also having the ability to buy shares and participate in decisions. The system offers low interest loans to farmers, artisans and entrepreneurs. Today, around a quarter of the German population belongs to a cooperative. In addition to artisans and farmers, cooperatives include 90% of bakers and butchers and 75% of retailers. Some cooperatives have also been specially created to allow students to gain experience. Knowledge and know-how are transmitted by cooperatives, universities, the German Cooperative and Raiffeisen Confederation, the Akademie Deutscher Genossenschaften, the German associations Hermann-Schulze-Delitzsch and Friedrich-Wilhelm-Raiffeisen. |  |
| Falconry, a living human heritage Note Germany shares this practice withSaudi Arabia, the'Austria, the Belgium, the United Arab Emirates, the'Spain, the France, the Hungary, the'Italy, the Kazakhstan, the Morocco, the Mongolia, the Pakistan, the Portugal, the Qatar, the Syria, the South Korea and the Czechia. | 2016 | social practices, rituals and festive events | Originally used as a source of food, falconry is now more linked to the protection of nature, cultural heritage and the social engagement of communities. Following their own traditions and ethical principles, falconers train, train and fly birds of prey (falconids, but also eagles and accipitridae) by developing a bond with them and becoming their main source of protection. Found in many countries around the world, practice may vary, for example, in the type of equipment used, but the methods remain the same. Considering themselves as a group, falconers can travel for weeks to hunt, telling each other their day in the evening. They see falconry as a link to the past, especially as it is one of the last links with the natural environment and the traditional culture of the community. Knowledge and skills are passed on from generation to generation through mentoring, family learning, or training in clubs and schools. In some countries, a national exam must be passed to become a falconer. Meetings and festivals allow communities to share their knowledge, raise awareness and promote diversity. |  |
| The making of organs and their music | 2017 | * Performing Arts * knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe * know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Organ building and their music have shaped the musical landscape and instrument making in Germany for centuries. The country has many traditions related to this art. The making of organs and their music are closely linked: each instrument is unique because it is entirely created for the architectural space in which it will be used. The highly specialized knowledge and skills relating to the practice of this element have been developed by the artisans, composers and musicians who have collaborated throughout history. Specialized knowledge and skills, mainly transmitted informally, are important markers of collective identity. Transcultural by nature, organ music is a universal language that promotes understanding between religions. Although primarily associated with religious services, concerts and modern cultural events, it is also performed at festivities that help strengthen the identity of communities. In Germany, there are 400 medium-sized craft establishments, which guarantee the viability and transmission of the element, as well as some larger family workshops. Knowledge and skills related to the element are transmitted through a direct teacher-to-student relationship. It is complemented by training in vocational schools and universities. Apprentices gain practical experience in organ building workshops and theoretical knowledge in vocational schools. Efforts to safeguard the element also include teaching at universities and music academies, lectures and media presentations. | .jpg/150px-Rysum_Orgel_(3).jpg) |
| Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, printing of reserves by the board and dyeing with indigo in Europe | 2018 | know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, which literally translates to "reserve blue print" or "reserve blue dye", refers to the practice of applying a stain resistant paste to a fabric before applying it. top it off with indigo dye. The tough paste prevents dye from penetrating the design, allowing it to remain white or undyed after dyeing. To apply the designs to the fabric, practitioners use hand-crafted planks that sometimes date back 300 years, depicting regionally inspired, generic or Christian designs. The representation of local flora and fauna is closely linked to the local culture of the regions. Traditional indigo dyeing is not limited to printing: the textile chain also involves the preparation of raw materials, their spinning, weaving, finishing, printing and dyeing. Nowadays, the practice mainly concerns small family workshops run by the second to the seventh generation of printers. Each family workshop relies on the cooperation of various family members who participate in each stage of production regardless of their gender. Traditional knowledge is still based on journals (family property) dating back to the 19th century, and is transmitted through observation and practice. The actors have a strong emotional connection with their products and the element conveys a sense of pride linked to the long family tradition. |  |
Register of Best Safeguarding Practices
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Craft techniques and customary practices of cathedral workshops, or Bauhütten, in Europe, know-how, transmission, development of knowledge, innovation | 2020 | * Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe * Social practices, rituals and festive events * Know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Operation in workshops, or Bauhüttenwesen, appeared in the Middle Ages on the construction sites of European cathedrals. Today as then, these workshops welcome different trades working in close collaboration. In German, the term Bauhüttenwesen refers on the one hand to the organization of a network of workshops involved in the construction or restoration of a building, and on the other hand to the workshop itself, as a workplace. Since the end of the Middle Ages, these workshops have formed a supra-regional network that extends beyond national borders. These workshops safeguard the traditional customs and rituals associated with different professions, as well as a wealth of knowledge passed down from generation to generation, both orally and in writing. Confronted with the progressive shortage of technical skills and the increasing mechanization associated with a policy of cost optimization, the workshops created or re-established in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have become institutions dedicated to preservation, transmission and development. traditional techniques and know-how. Their commitment to safeguarding and promoting living heritage, which is reflected in awareness-raising, information and communication measures and in close cooperation with actors from the political world, the Church, and monument conservation. , business and research, can be seen as an example to be adapted and implemented in other contexts around the world. The workshops, by their organization and their training system for in situ practice, can also serve as models for all types of buildings to be constructed and maintained. |  |
Emergency backup list
Germany does not have a practice on the emergency safeguard list.
