This article lists the practices listed in UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in Hungary.
Understand
Hungary is a State Party to the Convention on Intangible Cultural Heritage which it ratified on .
The country has four practices listed on the "representative list of intangible cultural heritage From UNESCO.
Two practices are included on the "register of best practices for safeguarding culture »
No additional practice is repeated on the "emergency backup list ».
Lists
Representative list
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 The folk art of the Matyo, the embroidery of a traditional community | 2012 | know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Folk art from the Matyo Roman Catholic community in and around the town of Mezőkövesd, in the north-eastern Hungary, is characterized by floral patterns found in flat stitch embroidery and decorated objects. Matyo embroidery adorns the traditional costume of the region worn by locals in celebrations and performances of folk dances and songs. Floral designs have played a crucial role in strengthening the self-image and identity of the Matyo community, and are used in interior design, fashion and contemporary architecture, in addition to embroidery. Members of the community founded the Matyó Folk Art Association in 1991 to transmit the art of embroidery and organize numerous cultural events and shows. In its Borsóka Embroidery Circle, anyone can learn the art, techniques and designs of embroidery from seasoned masters. In his Folk Dance Ensemble, the members wear the finely embroidered traditional costume, thus contributing to its perpetuation. The nationwide popularity of Matyo embroidery has made it a form of secondary income that enables women to purchase the fine fabrics and supplies needed to make elaborate costumes. Most often performed as a collective activity, embroidery consolidates relationships between people and strengthens community cohesion, while allowing the development of individual artistic expression. |  |
| Falconry, a living human heritage Note Hungary shares this practice withGermany, the'Saudi Arabia, the'Austria, the Belgium, the United Arab Emirates, the'Spain, the France, the'Italy, the Kazakhstan, the Morocco, the Mongolia, the Pakistan, the Portugal, the Qatar, the Syria, the South Korea and the Czechia. | 2016 | social practices, rituals and festive events | Falconry is the traditional activity of conserving and training falcons and other raptors to catch game in their natural environment. Originally used as a means of obtaining food, falconry is identified today with the spirit of camaraderie and sharing more than with subsistence. It is mainly found along migration routes and corridors and is practiced by amateurs and professionals of all ages, men and women. Falconers develop a strong relationship and spiritual bond with their birds; strong involvement is needed to breed, train, train and fly falcons. Falconry is passed down as a cultural tradition through means as varied as mentoring, learning within the family, or more formal training in clubs. In hot countries, falconers take their children to the desert and teach them how to control the bird and build a trusting relationship with it. While falconers come from very diverse origins, they share common values, traditions and practices, including bird training methods and how to care for them, the equipment used and the emotional bond between the falconer and the bird. Falconry is the bedrock of a wider cultural heritage, which includes traditional costumes, food, songs, music, poetry and dances, all customs nurtured by the communities and clubs that practice it. |  |
| 2 | 2009 | * social customs, rites and festive events * knowledge and practices constituting part of traditional craftsmanship | The March of the Busó ((hu) Busójárás or (hr) Pohod bušara) is a popular festival that takes place in Mohács in southern Hungary, a six-day carnival marking the end of winter, are named after busó, people (traditionally men) in scary costumes wearing wooden masks and large woolen coats. The festival is a multi-faceted event, including a costume competition for children, an exhibition of the art of mask craftsmen and other craftsmen, the arrival of more than 500 busó in canoes on the Danube for a parade through the city accompanied by fantastic horse-drawn or motorized floats, the setting fire of a coffin symbolizing winter, a bonfire in the main town square as well as feasts and music throughout the city. city. Originally, the tradition was created by the Croatian minority of Mohács, but today it is an emblem of the entire city and a commemoration of great events in its history. Much more than a social event, Carnival is an expression of the city, a social group and the nation. It plays an important social role by giving everyone the opportunity to express themselves in the community. The artistic expressions belonging to the festivities are preserved by autonomous busó groups from all cultural backgrounds, many of whom pass on mask carving techniques and ritual celebrations to younger generations. | ,_2009.jpg/150px-Busójárás_(Mohács),_2009.jpg) |
| Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, printing of reserves by the board and dyeing with indigo in Europe | 2018 | know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, which literally translates to "reserve blue print" or "reserve blue dye", refers to the practice of applying a stain resistant paste to a fabric before applying it. top it off with indigo dye. The tough paste prevents dye from penetrating the design, allowing it to remain white or undyed after dyeing. To apply the designs to the fabric, practitioners use hand-crafted planks that sometimes date back 300 years, depicting regionally inspired, generic or Christian designs. The representation of local flora and fauna is closely linked to the local culture of the regions. Traditional indigo dyeing is not limited to printing: the textile chain also involves the preparation of raw materials, their spinning, weaving, finishing, printing and dyeing. Nowadays, the practice mainly concerns small family workshops run by the second to the seventh generation of printers. Each family workshop relies on the cooperation of various family members who participate in each stage of production regardless of their gender. Traditional knowledge is still based on journals (family property) dating back to the 19th century, and is transmitted through observation and practice. The actors have a strong emotional connection with their products and the element conveys a sense of pride linked to the long family tradition. |  |
Register of Best Safeguarding Practices
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Táncház method: a Hungarian model for the transmission of intangible cultural heritage | 2011 | * oral traditions and expressions * Performing Arts * social practices, rituals and festive events * knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe * know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | The Táncház ("dance house") model of teaching folk dance and music combines traditional forms of learning with modern methods of pedagogy and folklore. Instructors first demonstrate patterns or movements, then are imitated by participants, arranged in a circle, to live musical accompaniment, until a certain level of free dance and improvisation is achieved. . The dance is complemented by singing lessons, craft activities and ethnographic presentations. Anyone, regardless of age or skill, without previous experience, can become an active participant. Through the practice and transmission of this intangible cultural heritage, the objective is to establish a form of leisure which is based on values, contributes to the strengthening of bonds within the community, and remains entertaining while being didactic. The Táncház methods are also used in art schools and at all levels of public education, while influencing folk dance and musical performance. The national festival and the Táncház fair represent each year the largest gathering of all bearers, mediators and enthusiasts of this method, but other forms of Táncház, specific to different age groups or with more specific content, have emerged. developed, as well as workshops, camps, theaters and craft clubs. A growing number of publications help popularize Táncház as well as refine and transmit its methodology, while the Folk Dance Resource Center provides the public with access to archival recordings. This model of learning through practical acquisition is easily adaptable to the safeguard and transmission of the intangible heritage of any community, thus supporting its diversity. |  |
| The Kodály concept, safeguarding the traditional musical heritage | 2016 | * Performing Arts * oral traditions and expressions | Over the past century, the Kodály concept, which aims to safeguard traditional popular music, has contributed to the promotion, transmission and documentation of local practices in Hungary as well as in communities abroad. Developed by the researcher, composer and teacher Zoltán Kodály and supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, its objectives are: to make traditional popular music accessible to all through the education system and public bodies, to teach music, to encourage the communities concerned to use their music on a daily basis, to research and document them using local and international strategies, to ensure the coexistence between research, education, general culture and composition, and to respect all musical traditions. The concept has been integrated into school curricula since 1945. Primary, secondary and tertiary pupils thus learn songs, discover their importance and are encouraged to take part. This concept has also made it possible to document traditional music with the participation of its bearers, public groups and cultural institutes such as the Institute of Musicology (which holds 15,000 hours recording popular music and 200,000 melodies over a thousand localities), the Kodály Institute and the Kodály International Society, which also promote the concept abroad through educational programs in which more than 60 countries have already participated. This concept of safeguard has also prompted artists to incorporate popular music into their compositions. |  |
Emergency backup list
Hungary does not have any practices requiring emergency safeguarding.
