| Hungary ((hu)Magyarország) | |
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| Flag | |
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| Information | |
| Capital city | Budapest |
|---|---|
| Area | 93 000 km² |
| Population | 10 000 000 hab. (2010) |
| Density | 107,53 inhab./km² |
| Form of State | parliamentary republic |
| Change | forint (HUF) |
| Electricity | 230 V/50 Hz, European plug |
| Telephone prefix | 36 |
| Internet suffix | .hu |
| Flow direction | Right-hand drive |
| Spindle | UTC 1 |
| Location | |
 47 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N 19 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | |
| Official site | |
| Touristic site | |
The Hungary (in Hungarian : Magyarország) is a country ofcentral Europe borderAustria to the north-west of the Slovakia to the north ofUkraine in the northeast, of the Romania to the south-east, Serbia to the south of the Croatia to the southwest and the Slovenia West.
Understand
Geography
The country is not very large (10 million inhabitants including 2 million in Budapest), but it offers many beautiful travel opportunities: the mountains in the north, the great plains in the east, lakes and rivers of all kinds, and many pretty villages and hidden gems in the cities. Plus, Hungary is easily accessible as it's located in the middle of Europe, a culture and economy on the move, and you get a must-see destination if you're in the region.
Weather
Hungary is at the crossroads of four climatic influences. On the one hand, the continental influence ofEastern Europe produces seasons marked with strongly negative temperatures in winter and high in summer, but tempered by the air masses of the Atlantic seaboard. On the other hand, it is in the Carpathian basin that the influences siberian of the north and the Mediterranean influence of Balkans.
The annual average temperature is 8−12 ° C, which is relatively high, with amplitudes of 20−25 ° C. In January, the temperature varies between −4 ° C and 7 ° C. The number of hours of sunshine per year varies between 1,700 and 2100 h, with the most important periods in theAlföld and the shortest in northern mountainous regions. The average annual rainfall is 500-1 000 mm (500–600 mm in the Alföld and from 800 to 1 000 mm in the mountains).
History
At Ie century, the Romans occupied the western bank of the Danube and created the province of Pannonia. They were driven out in 271 by the Ostrogoths. Slavs conquer it in the XIe century then, in the 9the century, of the Magyar tribes.
To thee century, Prince Géza manages to dominate the other tribes. In the year 1000, his son created with the approval of the Catholic Church the Kingdom of Hungary. The kingdom is weakened in the 13the century by a Mongol and Tatar invasion. In the XVIe century the Ottoman invasion greatly reduced the kingdom.
Of XVIe at XIXe century, theAustria gradually seizes the Hungarian territory, until forming in 1867, the empire of Austria-Hungary. After the break up of the empire, the Communists seized power for 3 months. During World War II, Hungary sided with Hitler. The Russians drove them out in April 1945. They would rally them to theUSSR, until 1991, when the Republic of Hungary was founded, its current state.
Population
Religion
Catholicism 67.5%, Calvinism 20%, Lutheranism 5%.
Holidays and public holidays
There are public holidays during the following holidays and dates:
- Valentine's Day
- Revolution of 1848
- Easter
- Labor Day
- Fathers and mothers day
- Hungarian National Day
- Saint Sylvester
Regions
 Hungary Map |
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Cities
- 1 Budapest
- 2 Pécs
- 3 Szekszárd
- 4 Eger
- 5 Erd
- 6 Esztergom
- 7 Gyöngyös
- 8 Miskolc
- 9 Debrecen
- 10 Hévíz
- 11 Győr
- 12 Szeged
Other destination
To go
Formalities
- See as well: Traveling in the Schengen area
Hungary is part of theSchengen area. The citizens of the Swiss and the European Economic Area which includes theEuropean Union, theIceland, the Norway and the Liechtenstein only need a national identity card or a passport valid. They don't need any Visa to enter or circulate in the Schengen area and are generally allowed to stay as long as they wish.
Remarks (1) Nationals of these countries need a biometric passport to enjoy visa-free travel. (2) Serbian nationals with passports issued by the Serbian Coordination Directorate (residents of Kosovo with Serbian passport) need a visa. (3) Taiwanese nationals need their ID card number (a letter followed by nine digits) written in their passport to enjoy visa-free travel. |
Nationals of the following countries do not need a visa to enter the Schengen area: Albania(1), Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Bosnia and herzegovina(1), Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Colombia, South Korea, Costa Rica, Dominica, El Salvador, United Arab Emirates, United States, Grenade, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, North Macedonia(1), Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova(1), Monaco, Montenegro(1), New Zealand, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Saint Kitts and Nevis, St. LUCIA, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Serbia(1,2), Seychelles, Singapore, Taiwan(3) (Republic of China), East Timor, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Vatican City, Venezuela as well as holders of a passport of Hong Kong SAR, of Macau SAR and all nationals British (including those who are not citizens of the European Union).
- The visa-free travelers mentioned above and not members of theEEE or from Swiss cannot stay more than 90 days in a period of 180 days in the Schengen area in general and, in general, cannot work during their stay (although some countries in the Schengen area allow certain nationalities to work). The counting of days begins once you enter one of the Schengen countries and does not return to zero when you leave one Schengen country for another.
- New Zealand citizens can stay longer than 90 days, but without working if they do not have a work permit, in some countries of the Schengen area, namely Germany, Austria, the Benelux, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Iceland, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland
If you are not a national ofEEE or from Swiss, even if you are exempt from a visa, unless you are Andorran, Monegasque, San Marino or Vatican, make sure your passport is stamped both when entering and leaving the Schengen area. Without an entry stamp, you may be treated as having exceeded your stay when trying to leave the Schengen area. Without an exit stamp, you may be refused entry the next time you seek to enter the Schengen area as you may be assumed to have exceeded the time allowed on your previous visit. If you cannot get a stamp in the passport, keep documents like boarding passes, transportation tickets, etc. which can help convince border control personnel that you have stayed in the Schengen area legally.
By bus
The French company Eurolines serves Hungary: (http://www.eurolines.fr) It offers prices among the lowest on the market and in any case often cheaper than airlines
By plane
Hungary's international airports are located at Budapest, Debrecen and Sármellék close to Lake Balaton. Budapest Airport is by far the most important. Airports of Vienna and Bratislava are located close to the Hungarian border and are an alternative for travelers wishing to travel to the west of the country.
By train
From Vienna, many trains go to Hungary, especially to Györ, Budapest and Sopron.
Trains connects Budapest with Berlin and Munich.
By car
Outside Budapest, it is compulsory to drive with the headlights on.
Highways are limited to 130 km / h. There is no toll for the motorways, but you will need to purchase a right of way ticket. Several tickets are available, for durations ranging from one week to one year. When purchasing this ticket (available at most petrol stations), you will need to specify the registration number of your vehicle, as well as its country of origin. Automatic control systems scan cars and their license plates at many points on the highways.
Fuels are more expensive in the region but cheaper than in France. (Diesel: ~ 1.00 EUR, SP 95: 1.10 EUR).
Hitchhiking
Hitchhiking is not the easiest way to reach Hungary: opinions (including on site) converge to say that Hungarians do not easily take hitchhiking.
Coming from Austria, the large shopping centers (south of Vienna, or towards Bruck a.d. Leida) are very popular places for Hungarians, Romanians, Slovaks and Slovenes. It can be a pretty good way to cross those borders.
On a boat
From Vienna or Bratislava, it is possible to descend the Danube to reach Budapest. The opportunity to put images on the conflict between Slovakia and Hungary concerning the Gabcikovo dam, and to permeate the activity on this river where there is always something happening: lock, unidentified floating objects, barges and barges, shores that turn into a beach on hot summer days ... It's also a trip that leaves time to get away from it all or prepare for your stay in Budapest!
Circulate
By plane
By taxi
TaxiCab Budapest: Airport Transfers & Private Tours 0036 20 20 400 50.
TaxiCab: fixed price taxi 36/70 / 645-4444, www.taxibudapest.eu TaxiCab.
On a boat
Some ferries avoid making big detours when you cross the Danube south of Budapest. In 2000, it was the equivalent of 0.5 euro cents for pedestrians, double for cars.
By train
The country is crisscrossed by rail lines, but moving away from the capital, the trains are rather old. The 1re class, inexpensive and comfortable, well worth it. From Budapest Central Station (Nyugati Pályaudvar) and for some 1200 Forints and less than an hour's journey, one can visit charming little towns and villages.
By car
Beware of blood alcohol level: there is no tolerance (0 g of alcohol per liter of blood).
Speak
The official language is Hungarian (magyar nyelv).
Except in large cities such as Miskolc, Debrecen or Budapest, communication is often difficult, especially in rural areas. However, the Magyar are a very welcoming people!
Young people and city dwellers speak English well on average. But among older people, German is spoken more; however, only 23% speak English and 25% German.
Mastering a complex language of the agglutinating language family, Hungarians who speak another language generally master it well; but few foreigners can boast of having succeeded in making themselves understood in Hungarian by a native. Indeed, to the complexity of the language is added the fact that Hungarians are not used to hearing foreign accents (unlike English for example). Nevertheless, they do appreciate the efforts of foreigners to speak in their native language.
Buy
The official currency is the forint (HUF).
While food products are cheaper than in Western Europe, the quality is not the same. Yes, it is, alas, the same quality, since they are the same boxes as in the West, in the same hypermarkets, Metro, Tesco, Auchan, Cora, Lidl ...
And for specifically Hungarian products, especially from small agricultural producers, it's ten times better. No chemicals, seasonal vegetables and fruits, no middlemen in small local markets.
Eat
In general, Hungarian cuisine is rich in cream and paprika!
A traditional meal consists of a soup, a main course accompanied by a salad and a dessert.
The Palacsinta are pancakes from Hungary: a very thin pastry filled, sweet or savory.
Flat
- Goulash (soup) excellent!
- Paprikas (meat simmered with paprika sauce, paprika being a typically Hungarian spice),
- Derelye or "barátfüle" (a sort of ravioli with túró), to eat with cream of course!
Dessert
- Aranygaluska (brioche formed from a small ball of dough coated with walnut powder or poppy seeds to eat with an "English" cream)
Pastry shop
- Kürtőskalács, a caramelized cylinder-shaped cake baked on a spit. This is a paste flavored with spices such as cinnamon and sprinkled with powdered nuts or almonds and then sugar. The caramelization of the sugar thus creates a crispy pastry. This cake is of course found in pastries, but especially in street vendors, on the beach or in events such as fairs or festivals.
Otherwise what you can buy in bakeries is generally very good, although a little greasy. For those who don't have time to eat out, food from bakeries and supermarkets is cheap. For example, white bread rolls cost around 25 forints; the pack of ham between 400 and 650 forints, the jar of vajkrem (national specialty which is used to replace the butter, but which for us makes more think of a kind of fresh cream) at 300 forints, like the small bottle of coke. .
- Budapest restaurants listed in the Michelin Guide
To drink
- Palinka, national alcohol. Traditional brandy.
- Tokaji Aszu: sweet white wine according to the number of "puttonyos" (3, 5, 6).
- Tokaji Furmint: dry white wine made from the national grape variety, Furmint. Much less expensive than aszu.
- Most red wines (tokaji are white wines) are of good quality (Egri Bikaver, Villany, etc ...). Hungarian wines are little known, but worth the effort.
- Barack pàlinka: apricot liqueur.
- Unicum: spicy brown alcohol, it's almost a national drink, to try ... but beware of fragile stomachs !!! (very harsh, not very good for my taste), looks like the Austrian Egermeister.
Housing
There are panziós (pensions), generally good value for money, and hotels of all categories.
Reservations are recommended, especially in Budapest and during the summer. A detail: double rooms are most often equipped with twin beds, conjugal beds are rare. You can just as well sleep with locals or in campsites. Several Hungary vacation rentals person-to-person are available. Choose and contact the owner for the reservation.
The Orient Summer Hostel (1083 Budapest, Tömő utca 35) is a university residence whose premises are reinvested in hotels during the summer. We get by for less than ten euros a night. We sleep in mixed dormitories that are fairly basic, but sufficient. Toilets and showers are shared and there is a sink in the bedrooms. The total lack of privacy in the bathroom contributes to the picturesque place: you get used to it quickly!
Some useful sites:
- Hotels and pensions in Hungary( in English)
- Budapest city-guide (in English)
- GBudapest tourist guide (in English)
Learn
- hu-lala – Hungarian news site in French, updated daily.
To work
Communicate
European roaming
Since June 15, 2017, "European roaming" has been introduced. It allows all SIM card holders belonging to one of the European member countries to maintain the same pricing conditions as in the country of origin.
Telephone calls and Internet browsing are valid at no additional cost in all European countries, unless authorized by national authorities (generally minor operators) or when a data Gbit threshold is exceeded, which increases year by year. To use this service, simply activate the roaming option on your mobile phone.
The participating countries are those ofEuropean Union (Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Croatia, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary , Ireland , Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania, UK, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden), those ofEuropean Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) and some Oversea territories (Azores, Canary Islands, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Madeira, Martinique, Mayotte, The meeting, Saint-Martin).
Manage the day-to-day
Health
European citizens
Citizens ofEuropean Union (EU), who fall unexpectedly ill during a temporary stay, studies or a professional stay, are entitled to the same medical care as in their country of residence. It is always useful to take the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) which constitutes physical proof of your insurance in an EU country. However, if you do not have the card with you or if you cannot use it (as in the case of private assistance), you are still entitled to treatment, but you are obliged to pay the costs on the spot. , then you will ask for a refund on your return.
The countries in which health coverage is provided are all those that are members of theEuropean Union (Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Croatia, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary , Ireland , Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden), those ofEuropean Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), the Swiss, the UK and the Oversea territories member of the European Union (Azores, Canary Islands, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Madeira, Martinique, Mayotte, The meeting, Saint-Martin).
security
 | Emergency telephone number: Police :107 Ambulance:104 Firefighter :105 |
Insecurity in Budapest is the same as in the big capitals of Europe. In addition, there are often security guards in busy places and at the exit of the metro.
Government travel advice
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Belgium (Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation) 
Canada (Government of Canada) 
France (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) 
Swiss (Federal Department of Foreign Affairs)
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Respect
Hungary should not be taken as a poor country in Eastern Europe (and even Central Europe would be most appropriate).
After World War I, the victory of the Allies and due to the Treaty of Trianon () The Austro-Hungarian Empire disappeared in favor of nation states: Austria, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Slovakia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia. So nowadays a little less than 1.6 million Hungarians live in Romania, 0.6 million in Slovakia, 0.4 million in Serbia, etc. Hungarians are very affected by the living conditions of their brothers in other countries. There is even daily TV news from areas outside the Hungarian population.
