| Montenegro ((sr)Crna Gora) | |
 | |
| Flag | |
 | |
| Information | |
| Capital city | Podgorica |
|---|---|
| Area | 13 800 km² |
| Population | 630 000 hab. (2010) |
| Density | 45,65 inhab./km² |
| Form of State | Republic |
| Cash | euro (EUR) |
| Electricity | 230 V/50 Hz, European plug |
| Telephone prefix | 382 |
| Internet suffix | .me |
| Flow direction | Right-hand drive |
| Spindle | UTC 1 |
| Location | |
 42 ° 46 ′ 0 ″ N 19 ° 13 ′ 0 ″ E | |
| Official site | |
the Montenegro is a country of Balkans in Europe, border with the Bosnia and herzegovina, the Croatia, the Serbia and theAlbania.
Understand
Geography
Montenegrin territory stretches from the high mountains to the border with the Serbia and theAlbania - part of the karsts of the western Balkan peninsula - to a narrow coastal plain two to six kilometers wide. This plain ends abruptly in the north, where Mount Lovćen and Orjen plunge into the mouths of Kotor. Thus, although having a large outlet on the sea, the country does not have an important port because of a very rugged coastline.
The karst region of Montenegro is approximately 1 000 m altitude, some parts rising to nearly 2 000 m, like Mount Orjen (1 894 m), the highest point of the coastal limestone ranges. The Zeta Valley is the lowest area, with an altitude of about 500 m.
The mountains of Montenegro are among the most rugged terrain in Europe and among the most eroded parts of the Balkan Peninsula during the last Ice Age. The territory culminates in Zla Kolata, in the Prokletije mountains, at an altitude of 2 534 m.
Story
Montenegro has a long history spanning several centuries as a semi-independent duchy, then an autonomous principality, then as an independent kingdom in 1910, before it joined the future kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1918. During World War II, it was separated from the Serbia and occupied by Italians who again establish it as an independent kingdom. After liberation, the new communist regime transformed it into the Socialist Republic of Montenegro, one of the federal republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Having become one of the two constituent states of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992, it is, after its dissolution in 2003, part of the community of states of Serbia and Montenegro, introduced on a transitional basis. In the evening of , the Parliament of Montenegro officially proclaims the independence of the country and the dissolution of the community of Serbia and Montenegro, in accordance with the wishes of the Montenegrins expressed in the referendum of the previous May 21.
the , Montenegro presents its candidacy to the European Union. The euro was already the de facto local currency even before the country's independence.
Population
The ethnic distribution in Montenegro is not homogeneous, the Albanians are mainly located in the east and south-west of the country; on the borders of Montenegro and Serbia and on the borders with Albania. Muslims and Bosniaks (a term which basically designates the same group: the southern Muslim Slavs) mostly live in the northern area, also known as Sandžak. As for the Serbian-Montenegrin distribution, it has been very fluctuating over time not because of population movements but because people can successively declare themselves Montenegrins or Serbs mainly according to their political options (sovereignism / federalism). However, we can roughly define two areas where Serbs outnumber Montenegrins: the Sandjak region and the coastal region. Almost all of the small Croatian minority is located in the Bay of Kotor.
The Albanians of Montenegro represent 10% of the population and are predominantly of the Muslim faith. They are mainly found in the south of Montenegro on the border with Albania. Their names were Slavic and their appellations subdivided into: malisor, shqiptar and albanci.
Regions
Cities
- 1 Podgorica – The current political and administrative capital.
- Cetinje – The historical, cultural and artistic capital.
- Petrovac
- Budva – Its seaside resort and its "jet-set".
- Bar
- 2 Kotor – registered at World Heritage
for its fortress and for its natural and cultural-historical region. - Herceg-Novi
- Ulcinj
- Staribar
Other destinations
- Skadar Lake (Skadarsko jezero)
- Stari Bar
- Ada Bojana
- Sveti Stefan
- Kotor Gorge (Boka Kotorska): city tour, and walk on the Vrmac massif.
- Durmitor National Park: Žabljak and its surroundings and hiking in the massif.
- Biogradska Gora National Park: its primary forest (beech grove) and its drier plateaus.
- Stari Ulcinj
To go
Formalities
- Montenegro
- Exemption from Visa
By plane
One arrives in Montenegro by the airport of Tivat or Podgorica. Tivat Airport is certainly the most convenient if your hotel is by the sea.
- 1 Tivat Airport (IATA : TIV, ICAO: LYTV, Аеродром Тиват, Aerodrom Tivat) (2 km south of Tivat) – close to seaside resorts (Budva) and tourist places (Kotor)
On a boat
Ferries from Bari and Ancona in Italy provide access to Bar by sea, the crossing takes approximately 8 h, for 50 € for a seat.
By train
The Belgrade-Podgorica trip is a pleasure for the eyes, count 15 € for 8 h path. It is a picturesque railway line where mountain valleys are linked with several hundred viaducts and tunnels. It is common for the train to be late (by 30 min several hours). The train has berths or compartments. The ticket can be purchased without a reservation, with a berth or seat reservation. Some days the train can be crowded and uncomfortable. This journey is an experience in its own right.
By bus
A bus connects every day Dubrovnik (Croatia) to the Montenegrin coast, serving Herceg Novi, Kotor, Bar and Budva.
Circulate
By train
By car
- Most of the roads are passable, some are under construction (as in Pétrovac-na-moru). However, some remain riddled with potholes, such as Rijeka Crnojevica or the small road that runs along Lake Skadar.
Speed limits:
- Route: 80 km / h
- City : 50 km / h
The legal blood alcohol level not to be exceeded is 0.5 g / l.
To leave the country, you have many passable customs:
- Albania : Hana i Hotit and Subotinj
- Croatia : Debeli brijeg but also Vitaljina (very nice little mountain road)
To speak
the Montenegrin and the Serbian (Latin script) are required.
Young people generally speak very wellEnglish, especially in cities.
Hello = [Dobar Dan]
I want = hocu [hotchou] ... [otchou rakia], I want a coffee = hocu kafu [otchou cafou] Thank you = Hvala [hfala] I am French = Ja sam fransuz (ya sam frannessouze] Good / Ok = DobroGde je (gdé yé) = where is ...?
To buy
Cash
Montenegro uses theeuro. It is one of the many European countries that use this common currency. Euro banknotes and coins are legal tender throughout the country.
Countries which have the euro as official currency:
These countries are collectively referred to as the "euro area". |
One euro is divided into 100 eurocents Where euro cents abbreviated cents Where cents.
The official euro symbol is €, and its ISO code is EUR. There is no official symbol for Eurocents.
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- Tickets
- Euro banknotes are the same in all countries.
- Ordinary parts
- All euro area countries have issued coins with a distinctive national side on one side, and a common standard side on the other side. Coins can be used in all countries, regardless of the country of origin of the coin used, for example a one euro coin from Finland can be used in Portugal.
- Two euro commemorative coins
- They differ from normal two euro coins only on their "national" side and circulate freely as legal tender. Each country can produce a certain quantity of it as part of their normal parts production. There are also commemorative two euro coins "at European level". They are produced to commemorate special events, such as the anniversary of important treaties.
- Withdrawal of money
- Cash withdrawals from ATMs are billed at the same price as cash withdrawals in the country of origin for holders of a bank card from an account in a country in the euro zone. Money transfers between two accounts are also considered by banks as a transfer between two accounts in the same country.
Eat
The dual geographical affiliation of Montenegro, both Balkan and Mediterranean, coupled with its range of communities, has earned it a fairly diverse gastronomic palette.
On the coast, the Mediterranean influence is evident: good pizzerias abound, as do fish and seafood restaurants and vegetable dishes cooked in olive oil.
We often choose ourselves among the catch of the day, presented in refrigerated display cases: red mullet (surmullet), gilthead seabream, pageot. The choice is more important in summer; We also find mullet, dolphinfish, mackerel, bonito, etc. They are usually simply grilled over a wood fire with rosemary and served with a garlic and olive oil sauce. Fish are also prepared in court bouillon, with potatoes or Swiss chard, and stewed rock fish, like bouillabaisse, with polenta. Near Lake Skadar, carp is king. , smoked, fried with onions or with prunes and apples; to choose, we prefer the eel or the smoked bleak. In winter, the dried fish is prepared with cabbage. In the interior of the country
In the interior of the country, traditions are much more continental. Crème fraîche (kajmak), yogurt, whey, cow or sheep cheese (such as prljo aged in a leather bag) are incorporated into most recipes.
Smoked ham from Njegusi (at the foot of Lovcen), dried meats, sausages, smoked cheese and cabbage leaves stuffed with minced meat and rice (sarma) mark the start of meals.
They are followed by hearty dishes like grilled or boiled lamb, kid, stew, kajmak peppers, meat kebabs, pork offal with an eggplant salad. As a rule, Montenegrins are big meat lovers. Potatoes, sauerkraut and polenta (kacamak) often come on the side. The latter can even be a full-fledged dish when cooked with crème fraîche (smocani kacamak). Berries and wild mushrooms play an important role in season. Many restaurants prepare their dishes in the traditional way, stewed, under a metal bell called bag, covered with charcoal, which preserves the softness of the ingredients. We even bake bread this way.
Let us quote two more curiosities: the stomach of pork stuffed with meat and cooked under the ashes or over a hearth and, stranger still, the lamb or the kid stuffed with chicken (you read that correctly!), To to taste with honey.
Drink / Go out
Drinks
The wines of the country are well worth a trial run. Among the reds, recommend the Vranac Pro Corde and, among the whites, the rather dry Krstac. Both are made from local grape varieties of the same name.
Beer (Niksicko), served very cold, is almost available in large bottles, much cheaper than imported beers.
Before or after an evening meal, try the proud Montenegrin cognac (loza), or one of the countless and powerful fruit brandies. The essential grape rakije is offered as a welcome sign to all visitors. Mead, so popular with the ancient Slavs, was served as a curiosity in a few establishments.
If you meet an old hunter or an old shepherd, he may offer to quench your thirst by sipping the sap of young beech, birch or hairy oak ... Long ago, many warriors survived in the most remote corners. by doing so.
Housing
Very cheap
The prices range from 9 to 14 € in a youth hostel, and really inexpensive camping (3 to 4 € per person depending on the period, and as much for the car). Sometimes it is possible to rent an annex with fridge and kitchen for 3-4 € per day and per person.
Cheap
In this niche, you will find in particular the rooms at the inhabitant (15 to 30 € per person) and 1 or 2 star hotels in 30 € per room and per night approximately. Of course, the price depends largely on the season and the degree of attendance.
Average prices
On the coast, apartment rentals generally start around 40 € per person per night for a studio (sometimes from 20 €) and may exceed 100 € for those looking for space and / or luxury.
Classier
Plan at least 50 € the room for a 3 star (per night for two people) and 100 to 200 € for a 4 or 5 star.
Communicate
Security
 | Emergency telephone number: Police :122 Ambulance:124 Firefighter :123 |
Government travel advice
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Belgium (Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation) 
Canada (Government of Canada) 
France (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) 
Swiss (Federal Department of Foreign Affairs)
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