| Romania ((ro)România) | |
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| Flag | |
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| Information | |
| Capital city | Bucharest |
|---|---|
| Area | 238 000 km² |
| Population | 21 000 000 hab. (2010) |
| Density | 88,24 inhab./km² |
| Form of State | semi-presidential regime |
| Cash | Romanian leu (RON) |
| Electricity | 230 V/50 Hz, European plug |
| Telephone prefix | 40 |
| Internet suffix | .ro |
| Flow direction | Right-hand drive |
| Spindle | UTC 2 |
| Location | |
 46 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N 25 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | |
| Official site | |
The Romania is a country ofcentral Europe.
Understand
Geography
Romania borders withUkraine to the north and south-east, the Moldova to the east, the Bulgaria to the south, the Serbia to the southwest and the Hungary to the northwest.
Story
Population
Weather
Holidays
Regions
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Cities
- 1 Bucharest (București) – The capital of Romania with its medieval quarters.
- 2 Brașov – Located in the South-East of the Transylvania, medieval town center.
- 3 Cluj-Napoca – The largest city in Transylvania, an important economic, university and tourist center.
- 4 Constanta – Romania's main port on the Black Sea, a commercial hub for the region.
- 5 Iași – The second largest city in Romania, the former capital of the principality of Moldova until 1861 and briefly the capital of Romania, important economic and cultural center for the country.
- 6 Sibiu – One of the most beautiful cities in Romania, includes the best preserved historical sites of Saxon tradition in the country, several museums and exhibitions. It was named capital european of culture in 2007.
- 7 Sighișoara – The citadel of Sighi citoara, that is, the city center of the city, is the last inhabited citadel in Europe and the best preserved.
- 8 Suceava – The main city Bucovina and the medieval capital of Moldova. It can be used as a starting point to visit churches in the area including Byzantine style religious wall paintings recognized by the Unesco World Heritage.
- 9 Timișoara – The largest city in the Banat, one of the most modern and prosperous cities in Romania. This is where the Romanian anti-communist revolution of 1989 began.
Other destinations
- 1 Danube Delta – A site of Unesco World Heritage located in eastern Romania on the border withUkraine.
To go
Formalities
- See as well: Traveling in the Schengen area
Although Romania is not yet part of theSchengen area, it has adopted the same visa policy as the rest of the Schengen area. Citizens of the European Economic Area, i.e. countries of theEuropean Union as well asIceland, from Liechtenstein, of the Norway and some Swiss, can enter with an approved identity card (or a passport). Citizens of other countries will usually need a passport.
Going to or leaving Romania from another country, including the Schengen area, will require immigration checks. However, those customs will be canceled if one travels from or to a country of the European Union.
Only citizens of the following countries which are not part of the European Union or the European Free Trade Association do not need a visa to enter the Schengen area: Albania (with a biometric passport), Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Bosnia and herzegovina (with a biometric passport), Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Chile, South Korea, Costa Rica, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, North Macedonia (with a biometric passport), Malaysia, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova (with a biometric passport), Monaco, Montenegro (with a biometric passport), New Zealand, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint-Martin, Serbia (with a biometric passport, except for Serbian citizens with a passport issued by the Serbian Coordination Directorate, i.e. residents of Kosovo with a Serbian passport), Seychelles, Singapore, Taiwan (Republic of China) (with the identification number stated on the passport), Uruguay, Vatican and Venezuela. In addition, British overseas citizens with a passport from the special administrative regions of Hong Kong or from Macau are visa exempt.
Citizens of countries which are not part of the European Union or the European Free Trade Association and who do not need a visa cannot stay in the Schengen area for more than 90 days within a period of 180 days and generally cannot work although some countries in the Schengen area, including Romania, allow it for citizens of certain countries (see section To work below). The period begins when entering any country in the Schengen area and is not reset when traveling to another country in the Schengen area.
If you are a citizen of a country that is not part of the European Union or the European Free Trade Association, even if you do not need a visa, make sure the passport is stamped at your entry into a country in the Schengen area otherwise you could be treated as if you had exceeded the authorized period. In addition, if you do not have a stamp when you leave the Schengen area, you could be refused entry the next time and be considered as if you have exceeded the allowed period. If you cannot obtain a stamp, be sure to keep your boarding passes, train tickets or any other documents that can help you prove that you have not exceeded the authorized period.
In addition, British subjects who have the right of residence in UK as well as citizens of British overseas territories connected to Gibraltar are considered citizens of the United Kingdom for the purposes of the European Union and can therefore enter the Schengen area indefinitely. However, citizens of the British Overseas Territories and British subjects who do not have the right to reside in the United Kingdom need a visa. Note, however, that all citizens of the British Overseas Territories have the right to apply for British citizenship, with the exception of those from sovereign military bases in Cyprus, and can therefore subsequently enjoy unlimited access to space. Schengen.
- Member States of the Schengen area
- Other EU members outside the Schengen area, but bound by the same visa policy and special territories of EU member states and the Schengen area
- Members of the European Union with an independent visa policy
- Visa-free access to Schengen states for 90 days within a period of 180 days, although some Annex II nationals may benefit from longer visa-free access under certain circumstances (EC 539/2001 Annex II)
- Visa required to enter the Schengen area (EC 539/2001 annex I)
- Visa required for transit through Schengen states (CE 810/2009 annex IV)
- Status unknown
By bus
Although Romania is not a traditional destination for coaches, coaches are an increasingly popular way to reach the country, especially from Balkans and the ex-USSR, but also from Western Europe, includingGermany and the Swiss. The train remains the most popular way to get to Romania from thecentral Europe since the service is good. However, the poor quality of train service from the Balkans and the formerUSSR makes coaches a more attractive medium. Regular services by comfortable coaches and faster than trains are offered from cities such as Chișinău, Kiev, Odessa, Sofia and Istanbul.
- Eurolines – Company french serving Romania and offering some of the lowest fares on the market, often cheaper than airlines.
- Atlassib
By plane
Romania has 17 civilian airports, 12 of which have regular international flights. The main airports are:
- Bucharest Henri Coandă Airport (Otopeni) – The largest and busiest, has flights to almost all major cities European as well as some capitals of Middle East and to all other Romanian cities, but no direct flights to United States.
- Bucharest Aurel Vlaicu (Băneasa) Airport – Important hub for low cost airlines, scheduled flights toItaly, the'Spain, the UK, the'Germany, the Belgium and the France. In summer, it serves as the main airport for charter flights to the Tunisia, the'Egypt, the Turkey and the Greece.
- Timișoara Traian Vuia International Airport – The second largest airport in the country, regular flights to several major cities in theGermany, of the'Italy, of the'Austria, of the Hungary, of the Greece, of the'Ukraine, of the Moldova, of the France and UK as well as some Romanian cities.
- Cluj-Napoca International Airport – Largest airport in Transylvania, regular flights to several destinations European.
Other smaller international airports include those of Sibiu, of Bacau, of Constanta (for the Black Sea coast),Iaşi (most important in Moldova), Târgu Mureş, ofArad, of Baia Mare, ofOradea, of Satu Mare and of Suceava. Consult the pages of these cities for more information.
- 1 Iași International Airport (IATA : IAS, ICAO: LRIA, Aeroportul Internațional Iași) (8 km east of Iași, in western Moldova)
- 2 Georges-Enesco International Airport (IATA : BCM, ICAO: LRBC, Aeroportul Internațional „George Enescu” Bacău) (4 km south of Bacău, in western Moldova)
There are three main Romanian airlines:
- TAROM – Based at Otopeni Airport in Bucharest.
- Carpatair – Based at Timișoara. Connects this city with eight destinations italian and three destinations german thus to other Romanian cities.
- Blue Air – Romania's only low cost airline, based at Baneasa Airport in Bucharest with a secondary hub at Bacau and a focus on the city of Sibiu.
On a boat
By train
Romania is relatively well connected with the rail network European. There are regular daily connections with Munich, Prague, Venice, Vienna, Budapest, Zagreb, Belgrade, Sofia, Istanbul, Chișinău, Kiev and Moscow.
The train is the best way to reach the cities of Western and Central Romania.
- Eurail – Romania is part of the zone allowing the use of Eurail passes.
By car
Circulate
By plane
Romania has several international airports: first Bucharest (Henri Coandă and Băneasa, both north of the city), Timişoara (hub for flights from the West), Constanţa (Mihail Kogălniceanu, for the Black Sea coast ), Arad, Cluj-Napoca (the most important in Transylvania), Sibiu, Târgu Mureş, Oradea, Iaşi (the most important in Moldavia).
By train
Romania's rail network is highly developed.
There are four kinds of train in Romania: Inter-cityRapidAcceleratePersonal They are listed here in descending order of price, speed and comfort! Trains do not always arrive on time, except perhaps the "IC" (inter -city) or "Rapid". Do not plan connections with less than half an hour of beating ... The "Accelerat" trains and even more the "Personal" let all the others pass and sometimes take 1.5 times longer than these.
Certain lines have a crazy charm, those which cross the Carpathians in particular. Don't miss the train between Braşov and Ploieşti, Suceava - Vatra Dornei - Cluj-Napoca, Târgu Jiu - Deva, Adjud - Miercurea Ciuc - Târgu Mureş!
As an indication, in 2004, the night train in a sleeper wagon, Bucharest To Satu Mare cost 20 €/ pers, for 10 h path. Allow time to book such a ticket in advance!
Timetable search: in hostels, you can always find the book Mersul Trenurilor (the March of Trains). It is possible to do research on the website http://www.mersultrenurilorcfr.ro .
Again in 2010, works are in progress between Ploieşti and Braşov, therefore the trains run alternately on one track, at a speed of 40 km / h. Allow time.
By car
In order to be able to travel in Romania, it is now essential to obtain the "Rovinieta" when crossing the border.
Some roads are poorly maintained and there are a lot of traffic jams, especially in big cities. Watch out for manholes that are often absent and replaced by a branch for signage. Local driving is very sporty, even the most daring, without counting on certain carts without lighting. It is not uncommon to witness a suicidal overtaking.
However, it is quite easy to get around Romania. The roads (and highways) are not very busy (the price of gasoline is very high relative to wages). Outside Bucharest, traffic jams are beyond comparison with those of a city like Paris for example. However, driving at night should be very careful.
The highway connecting Piteşti - Bucureşti is very correct and the national roads crossing the country have been recently renovated. However, beware of the Bucureşti - Constanţa highway that is not really finished.
Watch out for oxcarts, cows and other animals that can cross roads and highways without warning!
In the countryside, in remote places, some roads are made of dirt and are almost impassable, in the event of a breakdown you can rely on the talent of the mechanics who are genius handymen. There are also shops repairing tire punctures.
No problem getting fuel.
It is very common for Romanians, and indeed for travelers, to hitchhike on the roads. The drivers charge you the price of the bus. For this reason and to avoid scams, it is good to know the price of the latter.
Speed limits applied in Romania:
- Highway: 130 km / h
- Route: 90 km / h
- "European" road (Ex): 100 km / h
- City : 50 km / h
Truck drivers can be either nice or annoying. Nice on roads outside the built-up area because they use their turn signals to tell you whether or not you can overtake: on the left, danger, do not overtake, on the right you can go (carefully). Annoying in the villages that they often cross at 70-80 km / h because they stick to you (and honk you) if you respect the imposed 50 km / h ...
It is forbidden to drive after having consumed alcohol on pain of having your driver's license withdrawn on the spot. Blood alcohol tests are often carried out in the early hours of the morning. Think about it if you had a drunken night the night before ...
Pedestrians have absolute priority on the passages reserved for them. ¨Even if they are still on the sidewalk and heading towards the pedestrian crossing. Risk of license withdrawal.
Be careful (in some towns) at crossings with traffic lights combined with a roundabout. The green light allows you to move forward (and have priority over pedestrians), but then you must respect the right of way on the left of the roundabout. Thus, a car coming in front and turning to its left will have priority over you because of the roundabout, whereas it would not otherwise be.
Switching on the dipped beam headlights is compulsory day and night outside built-up areas.
In the end, as long as you respect the highway code, you can move very easily and freely. Especially since we only meet few police checks on the roads (compared to France for example).
By bus
The coach network is quite developed. In cities look forautogara (the bus station). The journeys are inexpensive, the drivers stop on demand in many villages on the outskirts of towns.
Hitchhiking
Hitchhiking is always taking a risk, but the practice of hitchhiking is very widespread in Romania, both for Romanians and tourists and this means of transport can be useful to reach villages not connected by public transport. But beware, it is customary to contribute financially to the cost of the trip, more or less the price of the bus trip. If you plan to hitchhike without paying, let the driver know before getting in the car.
To speak
In the majority of the country we only speak Romanian. In Transylvania, we also speak Hungarian, especially in the eastern part of the region (Harghita, Covasna and Mures departments). In almost all schools French andEnglish, sometimes theGerman, the'Spanish or theItalian. You can get by with English and French in all the big cities and in the seaside resorts.It should be noted that 20% of the urban population is French-speaking and that some universities teach only in French.Romanian is a Latin language, and knowing Italian or Spanish helps a lot to understand and be understood.
In Romania as in the whole world, the best way to travel is to always have a pocket dictionary, a notebook and a pen ... and everything becomes possible!
To buy
The currency of Romania is the Romanian leu (RON).
Eat
Do not hesitate to go to great restaurants! They are not very expensive and you will be able to meet the Romanian jet set. First, you cannot go to Romania without starting at least one meal with a "Ciorba". Ciorba are hearty soups. But there are as many different Ciorba as there are cooks and grandmothers to cook them. Don't miss the "sarmale", a mixture of minced meat and rice rolled up either in a cabbage leaf or in a vine leaf. . This dish is traditional at Christmas, but it can actually be found all year round. You will often find grills serving you "mici": a kind of skinless sausage made from mutton, beef and pork. There is often around these Romanian barbecues, which one finds in all kinds of circumstances (markets, festivals, simple picnic with friends, ...), a festive and good-natured atmosphere! The polenta "mamaliga" is tasted in all over the country, both in the heart of homes and in the great restaurants. Traditionally, it is eaten with sheep's cheese: "mamaliga cu branza" It is also delicious as an accompaniment to fried freshwater fish with a garlic sauce. Speaking of fish, if you go to the Danube Delta, do not forget to taste "bibani". On the sweet side, taste the spit cakes, kürtőskalács, a specialty of Transylvanian sicules, cozonac, a kind of brioche / panettone or even papanaşi, donuts with sweet white cheese. Don't miss the gogosi and the placinte either!
You will find "food stores" in the smallest villages. They are very small stores, which sometimes do not look like seen from the outside. You can often find the same things there but at least enough to refuel when you are far from the cities.
To drink
The wines of Romania are very varied and some of good quality. There are many vineyards, in all regions of the country: Cotnari, Vrancea, Bucium-Iaşi, Murfatlar, Huşi, Drăgăşani, Valea Călugărească, Târnave, Recaş ...). Beware of homemade wine by a non-winemaker, it is not known with what water it was made.
Drunk driving is prohibited: if you drive, do not drink.
Do not forget to taste, with caution, the excellent plum brandy: the Tuica. Also taste the "rachiu", the "palinca" (in the North, more than 50 degrees of alcohol).
Housing
In the villages, especially in Transylvania, find the "tourist pensions" (pensiune ...) dinner night breakfast for approximately 20 €/ pers (2012). Dinner and breakfast are often "formatted" for tourists, but will give you the opportunity to taste the sarmale, with polenta ... and drink the ţuica.
To learn
To work
Citizens of Canada, from United States and Japan have the right to work in Romania without obtaining a visa or any other form of authorization during the period in which they can remain visa-free, i.e. a total of 90 days in a period of 180 days (see section To go above for more details).
Communicate
European roaming
Since June 15, 2017, "European roaming" has been introduced. It allows all SIM card holders belonging to one of the European member countries to maintain the same pricing conditions as in the country of origin.
Telephone calls and Internet browsing are valid at no additional cost in all European countries, unless authorized by national authorities (generally minor operators) or when a data Gbit threshold is exceeded, which increases year by year. To use this service, simply activate the roaming option on your mobile phone.
The participating countries are those ofEuropean Union (Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Croatia, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary , Ireland , Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania, UK, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden), those ofEuropean Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) and some Oversea territories (Azores, Canary Islands, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Madeira, Martinique, Mayotte, The meeting, Saint-Martin).
Manage the day-to-day
Health
European citizens
Citizens ofEuropean Union (EU), who fall unexpectedly ill during a temporary stay, studies or a professional stay, are entitled to the same medical care as in their country of residence. It is always useful to take the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) which constitutes physical proof of your insurance in an EU country. However, if you do not have the card with you or if you cannot use it (as in the case of private assistance), you are still entitled to treatment, but you are obliged to pay the costs on the spot. , then you will ask for a refund on your return.
The countries in which health coverage is provided are all those that are members of theEuropean Union (Germany, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Croatia, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary , Ireland , Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden), those ofEuropean Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), the Swiss, the UK and the Oversea territories member of the European Union (Azores, Canary Islands, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Madeira, Martinique, Mayotte, The meeting, Saint-Martin).
Security
 | Emergency telephone number: All emergency services:112 |
Watch out for the many dogs that roam all over some major cities. But above all, never leave anything lying around ! Once something is left, anyone can make it their own. Don't bring a lot of valuables. If you bring any, try not to attract the attention of potential thieves to these items.
Government travel advice
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Belgium (Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation) 
Canada (Government of Canada) 
France (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) 
Swiss (Federal Department of Foreign Affairs)
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