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| Timisoara Timisoara · Temesvár | ||
| Circle (județ) | Timiș County | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 319.279 (2011) | |
| height | 89 m | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Timisoara (spoken: timischoara; German: Temeswar, Temeschwar or Temeschburg; Hungarian: Temesvár) is the third largest city in Romania and the economic and cultural center of the Banat. It is often referred to as “little Vienna” because there is a lot of architectural substance from the time of the Austro-Hungarian rule and the city is said to have a special charm. It is also an extremely green city: the city center is surrounded by a promenade and crossed by green spaces. For the year 2021, Timisoara became the title European Capital of Culture awarded.
Districts
- Cetate (Inner City). I. District.
- Fabric (factory city). II. District.
- Elisabetin (Elisabethstadt). III. District.
- Iosefin (Josefstadt). IV district.
- Mehala (Mehala). V. District.
- Fratelia (Fratelia). VI. District.
- Freidorf. VII. District.
- Plopi (Kardos Colony). VIII. District.
- Ghiroda Nouă (New Giroda). IX. District.
- Ciarda Roșie (Red Tscharda). Xth district.
Cetate, Iosefin and Fabric are considered the old town.
background
At the place where Timișoara is today, there was already a Roman fortification and from the 6th century an Avar settlement. The Temeschburg fortress was probably built in the 10th century and was located on the site of today's National Theater. In 1154, the Arab geographer al-Idrisi mentioned Timișoara in his works. In the first half of the 14th century Temesvár was the residence of the Kingdom of Hungary for a few years. From the middle of the 16th to the beginning of the 18th century it was part of the Ottoman Empire and the capital of an Eyâlet (Ottoman Greater Province).
After the sixth Turkish war, Temesvár was conquered by Austrian troops under Prince Eugene of Savoy in 1716. In the following period it became the capital of the newly founded Crown and Chamber Domain of Temescher Banat and developed into a fortress and garrison town of the Habsburg Empire. The garrison headquarters, the Maria-Theresia-Bastion and the old town hall date from this period. After 1848 Temesvár was the capital of a separate crown land of the Habsburg Empire, from 1867 it belonged to the Hungarian half of the dual monarchy. At that time, Germans still made up the majority of the population, then the proportion of Hungarians and later also of Romanians increased, until 1930 all three ethnic groups were roughly equally represented. The city prospered in the second half of the 19th century: in 1857 it was connected to the railway network, in 1869 it got a horse-drawn tram, and in 1884 it was one of the first cities in Europe to have electric street lighting. This also brought a cultural flowering. Many of today's defining structures were built during this time.
The city has belonged to Romania since the end of the First World War. In 1920 the Polytechnic University (today the university) was founded. Since then, the city has grown strongly, with Romanians in particular immigrating, while the number of Hungarians and Germans stagnated, the latter even falling sharply after the Second World War and during the rule of Nicolae Ceausescu (who tried to assimilate the minorities) due to emigration. Companies in the heavy and producer goods industry were relocated.
In 1989 Timișoara was an important starting point for the Romanian Revolution, which led to the overthrow of Ceaușescu and the end of communist rule.
There is a very detailed article on Wikipedia on History of Timisoara as well as an excellent article on the history of the Tram in this city.
Today over 85% of the population are Romanians, just under 8% Hungarians, 2% Germans and 1% Roma. However, there are still various German-speaking institutions, such as the German Cultural Center Timişoara, the German State Theater, the Nikolaus-Lenau-Lyceum and other German schools, most of which are attended by Romanians today. This has led to the development of a German-Romanian mixed language - "Lenau German". The largest religious group are the Romanian Orthodox (80%), followed by Catholics (10%), Pentecostal (3%) and Reformed (2%).
getting there
By plane
The 1 international airport Timisoara "Traian Vuia"
(IATA: TSR) is the third busiest airport in Romania. It is located about 10 kilometers northeast of the city center. Offer direct flights from German-speaking countries Lufthansa from Munich and Frankfurt, the Hungarian low-cost line Wizz Air from Dortmund, Hahn and Memmingen as well TAROM from Stuttgart on.
Bus lines E4 and E4B go from the airport to the city. E4 runs about once an hour and ends at bastion on the eastern edge of the city center. E4B has fewer intermediate stops and also drives via the central one Piața 700 and the Gara de Nord (Central Station). However, it only runs four times a day (Mon-Sat 11.20am, 6.25pm, 9.45pm, 10.55pm). It takes 27 minutes from the airport to Piața 700. The single journey costs 2.50 lei. Taxis are of course also available at the airport. The drive to the city center should cost just under RON 30.
Car rental companies represented at the airport are Advice, budget, Europcar, hertz, Sixt, Api Rent, Autonomous, Bavaria Rent a car, City Car, Enterprise and Thrifty.
By train
The city is easy to reach by train. The main train station (Nordbahnhof) of the city is the 2 Gara de Nord, Strada Gării nr. 2, which is not north, but west of the city center in the Iosefin district. The Intercity stops twice a day Budapest–Bucharest. The fastest connection from Vienna (one change in Budapest) takes 8:45 hours; from Munich just under 13 hours. Alternatively, you can take the night train (Euronight) from Vienna to Arad and take a regional train for the last part.
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From the Serbian capital Belgrade a connection with a train change in Vršac is possible. There are only two trains a day from Vršac to Timișoara. So (as of February 2016) you either have to leave at 7.25 a.m. at Dunav station in Belgrade, after a little more than 1½ hours you are in Vršac, then you wait a good hour until the train to Timișoara leaves at 10.18 CET, which reaches its destination at 13.24 EET. Or you can take the evening connection, leave Beograd-Dunav at 4.15 p.m. and after a little less than an hour's wait in Vršac you have a connection to Timișoara at 6.40 p.m. CET, which you reach as scheduled at 9.36 p.m. EET. Corresponding return trips are available from Timișoara at 7.48 EET (at Belgrade 11.23 CET) and 16.36 CET (at Belgrade 20.08 CET). Note one hour time difference. The Romanian CFR and the Serbian railways are jointly offering a “Banat Special”, with which (as of September 2015) you can travel from Belgrade to Timișoara and back for € 14. The return journey can take place within a month.
Other destinations in the region can be reached by train from Timișoara.
From the Gara de Nord it is just under 2 kilometers to the city center; The trolleybus lines 11, M11, 14, M14 and 18 go there. Taxis are usually waiting in front of the train station.
By bus
| Distances | |
| Bucharest | 550 km |
|---|---|
| Cluj-Napoca | 315 km |
| Oradea | 170 km |
| Sibiu | 265 km |
| Belgrade (Serbia) | 165 km |
| Novi Sad (Serbia) | 145 km |
| Budapest (Hungary) | 290 km |
| Vienna (Austria) | 550 km |
The most important European bus routes run to Timișoara several times a day. For example, drives Eurolines from various German cities daily without changing to Timișoara (e.g. from Munich in 15:45 hours for € 79). The bus station (Ostbahnhof) is located at 3 Gara de Est on Avram Imbroane, a good 2 kilometers northeast of the city center. From there, tram lines 1 and 5 go to the city center.
The bus station (Autogara) for the company's national travel 4 Autotim is located on Splaiul Tudor Vladimirescu, between Podul Eroilor (Heroes' Bridge) and Podul Muncii (Bridge of Labor), 700 meters south of Gara de Nord (Central Station). Buses come from here, for example Baia Mare–Oradea–Arad, Sibiu, Reșița as well as numerous smaller places in the surrounding area.
From Belgrade offers Geatours Minibus transfers to Timișoara with door-to-door pickup and drop-off. Price 20 €.
In the street
Timișoara is only 50 kilometers from the Hungarian border. By car from Hungary If you come, you can either drive directly to Timișoara via the Cenad border crossing or via the Nădlac border crossing on the A1 motorway Arad over to Timisoara. The 550 kilometers (almost all of the motorway) from Vienna take an average of just under 5½ hours.
mobility
- Tram, trolleybus, bus
The Timișoara Autonomous Region of Transport (R.A.T.T.) offers a fairly dense network of public transport: nine trams, eight trolleybuses ("trolleybus") and 22 regular bus routes. The tickets are inexpensive, at least the buses were renewed in the 2000s. Since 2010 the RATT has been using an electronic ticket - the so-called "Access" card. This is a plastic chip card on which a credit can be loaded, which is then canceled by a contactless reader every time you drive. You can get them free of charge the first time at the sales outlets on presentation of an identification; only if you lose it or damage it and need a replacement, you have to replace the price of the material. By the way, travelers from West Germany may feel transported back in time when they see the trams: since the 1990s, mainly used trams from Bremen, Munich and Karlsruhe have been used. Most of them have been reconstructed and modernized (with air conditioning).
- On foot and by bike
The city center itself is very compact, less than two kilometers from one end to the other. In addition, many streets are closed to motorized traffic; the car would be more of a hindrance here.
Timișoara is - due to short distances, largely flat landscape and lots of green areas - well suited for cycling. In the meantime (as of 2013) there are around 50 kilometers of cycle paths in and around the city; usually it is a strip of the footpath separated by a lane marking. However, they do not form a completely connected network of paths and can also end suddenly.
- taxi
Yellow-painted taxis can be found everywhere in the city, including at night. Inside the city, the kilometer costs 2.19 RON during the day (the equivalent of almost 50 euro cents), at night 2.49 RON, outside the city limits a little more (as of January 2016). You should make sure that you only use official taxis, the fare of which is clearly shown on the doors. Big taxi companies are Fan taxi (Tel .: 0256-944) and Tudo taxi (Tel .: 0256-945).
- automobile
If you want to be independent and plan trips to the surrounding area, it is advisable to have your own car. Except perhaps during rush hour rush hour traffic, the road conditions are quite relaxed.
There are a number of car rental companies, both at the airport (see above) and in the city: Advice (at the North Star Continental Resort), Europcar (St. Matei Corvin), Autonomous (Simion Barnutiu Street), Andvas Rent a car (Blv.Eroilor de la Tisa; from € 26 per day), EDI Rent a Car (Strada Venus; from 29 €) EuroCars (Str.Telegrafului), Maya Rent a Car (Piața Nicolae Bălcescu; from 24 €), Novum Rent-a-Car (Blv. General Ion Dragalina; from € 25; also car with driver).
Tourist Attractions
Churches and synagogues
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- 1 Orthodox Metropolitan Cathedral of the Three Holy Hierarchs (Catedrala Mitropolitană), bd. Rule Ferdinand I No. 1.
It was built in the years 1936-1946 in the Byzantine and Old Romanian-Moldavian style. The plan of the church is cruciform. The cathedral is 96 meters high and has 11 towers.
- 2 St. George Cathedral (Catedrala Sfântul Gheorghe), Piața Unirii no. 12th.The Roman Catholic cathedral was designed by the Austrian court architect Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach in the Baroque style and built between 1736-1754. Today it stands for the valuable architectural heritage in Timişoara.
- 3 Ascension Cathedral (Catedrala Ortodoxă Sârbă), St. Emanoil Ungureanu No. 14 (the reverse side faces the Piața Unirii).The Serbian Orthodox Church was built in the Baroque style in 1744-1748, double-towered and lavishly decorated. At that time there was no separation into Romanian and Serbian Orthodox, all Orthodox Christians in Timișoara were subordinate to the Serbian patriarchate. Right next door is the one that was built at the same time and is also in the Baroque style Serbian Orthodox Episcopal Palace (Palatul episcopal ortodox sârb), Piața Unirii No. 4. The facade was changed in the years 1905-1906 with stylistic elements of the Serbian architecture.
- 4 Piarist Church of the Holy Cross (Biserica Piariştilor Înălțarea Sfintei Cruci), Victor Babes Street No. 1.The Catholic church was built in the years 1908-1909 in the Hungarian Secession style, with Byzantine elements, by the architect Laszlo Szekely. It is the only Art Nouveau church in Timisoara. In the same complex is the former Piarist high school (Liceul Piarist), which was created at the same time and is also architecturally assigned to the Secession. Today it houses the Catholic theological lyceum Gerhardinum.
- 5 Church of the Brothers of Mercy (Biserica Mizericordienilor), Piața 700, str. Sfântul Ioan.Erected 1748–1757 in Baroque style for the Roman Catholic Nursing Order of the Brothers of Mercy, who also ran a hospital next door (today an eye clinic). The church was burned down during the revolution of 1848, but was soon rebuilt largely true to the original. Under communist rule it was desecrated in 1848 and used as a storage room for the Banat Museum. Since 1990 she has served the Greek Catholic Church for worship.
- 6 George's Church (Biserica Sfântul Gheorghe or Biserica Sârbească), Piața Traian / str. Costache Negruzzi (Fabric) (Tram 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10 to "Piața Traian").The Serbian Orthodox Church was built between 1745 and 1755 in the Baroque style with Romanesque elements. Also worth seeing is the neighboring Serbian parish hall from 1894 in the style of the Second Empire.
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- 7 Parish Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Biserica Parohială Preasfânta Inimă a lui Isus or Biserica Romano-Catolică din Elisabetin), Piața Nicolae Bălcescu (Elisabeth) (Tram 6, 7, 8, 10 to "Piața Bălcescu").The Catholic Church was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1912-19, stylistically reminiscent of the Votive Church in Vienna; Wegensteins organ.
- 8 Synagogue in the city center (Sinagoga din Cetate), st. Mărășești no. 6th, Mărăşeşti street, no. 6th (100 m west of the Piața Libertății, opposite the Military Emergency Hospital).It was built in the Moorish style between 1863 and 1865 according to the plans of the architect Ignatz Schuhmann. In 1985 it had to be closed due to the shrinking membership of the community. Since then, she has not only suffered from the ravages of time, but also from penetrating rainwater and vandalizing burglars. The Timișoara Philharmonic Society has been using the building since 2001 and is trying to raise money for renovation through concerts.
- 9 Synagogue in the factory town (Sinagoga maură din Fabric or Great synagogue, Marea Sinagogă), Str. Ion Luca Caragiale nr. 2 (east of Queen Maria Park; Tram 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10 to "3 August 1919").Erected in 1899 according to a design by the Hungarian architect Baumhorn Lipót in a mix of Renaissance and neo-Moorish styles, as can also be found in other synagogues of this time in Austria-Hungary. The synagogue has an organ by C.L. Wegenstein. It was also closed in 1985 because the congregation was no longer able to maintain the church. Since 2009 it has been made available to the National Theater for use.
- 10 Synagogue in Josefstadt (Sinagoga din Iosefin), Vol. Iuliu Maniu No. 55 (Tram 2, 7 to "Iuliu Maniu").is the youngest synagogue in the city and at the same time the only one that is still used as a place of worship by the Orthodox Jewish community. It was built between 1906 and 1910 and follows the (neo) Moorish architectural style.
Castles, chateaux and palaces
- 11 Maria Theresa Bastion (Bastionul Maria Terezia).The only surviving of the nine bastions of the Vauban-type fortress Temesvar from the 18th century. Numerous vaults and casemates. Today it houses various shops and restaurants, a discotheque, a casino and exhibitions of the Banat Museum. Restored and sandblasted in 2008.
- 12 Hunyadi Castle (Castelul Huniade).Oldest preserved monument in Timișoara. It dates from the early 14th century and has Romanesque and Gothic architectural elements. Under Charles I of Hungary, who ruled from Temesvár for a few years, it was the royal residence. After an earthquake, it was expanded and fortified between 1442 and 1447 for Count Johann Hunyadi (father of the later Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus), who was the voivode of Transylvania in the Hungarian service. After Temesvar fell to the Turks, the respective Ottoman pasha resided here. The castle was damaged during the siege by the Austrians in 1716, but was then rebuilt. It was destroyed again during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, but rebuilt a few years later. It got its current character. It was then used as a barracks and warehouse for military purposes. Since 1946 it has housed the history and natural history departments of the Banat Museum, see below #Museums.
- 13 Baroque palace (Palatul baroc, too Old prefecture, Called Palatul Vechii Prefecturi), Piața Unirii no. 1.Erected between 1752 and 1754 as the seat of the county government. The Kinsky Palace in Vienna served as a model. Two previous buildings - the Mining Office from 1733 and the Army Treasury from 1735 were included. From 1779 the respective governor of the Banat, which was a crown land of the Habsburg monarchy, resided here. The Austrian emperors also lived here when they visited Temesvár. The palace was renovated in 1885/86, and the mansard roof was also changed. It has served as an art museum since 1984, see below #Museums.
- 14 Dicasterial Palace (Palatul Dicasterial), St. Eugeniu de Savoya nr. 2.Built between 1850-1854 in neo-renaissance style as the administrative seat of the Habsburg crown land, the Voivodeship of Serbia and the Temesian Banat. Sources of inspiration for the design, which is characterized by the simplicity of its forms, were probably the Palazzo Strozzi and Palazzo Pitti in Florence. The massive representative building has an area of 23,500 m² and has 273 official and 160 other rooms. Locals say the building has "a window for every day of the year", in fact there are over 400. Today it is used as a judicial building by the district court and the court of appeal.
In the area around Timișoara there are also numerous impressive and ostentatious residences of rich Roma families, some with several thousand square meters of living space and up to 100 rooms. These can also be called palaces.[1][2]
Buildings
The city is known as the Vienna of the Balkans, in the center of the city there are numerous buildings from the time of the k. U.K. monarchy. The pedestrian zone between the Opera Square and the Orthodox Cathedral as well as the Piața Unirii is worth mentioning.
- Baroque and Classicism
- 15 Garrison headquarters (Comenduirea Garnizoanei), Piața Libertății no. 5.The oldest building in the city, at least largely in its original form (the Hunyadi Castle is much older, but was completely redesigned and rebuilt several times, most recently in 1856). It was named in 1727 - ten years after the city was taken by the Austrians New Generalate built. The architectural style is originally baroque, which is particularly recognizable by the window frames on the front facade. The first Austrian general commander of the Banat and governor of Temesvar, Count Claudius Florimund von Mercy, resided here. The building now houses the Timisoara Military Museum.
- 16 Old Town Hall (Primăria Veche), Piața Libertății no. 1.One of the oldest buildings built under Austrian rule. Was built in 1731–34 after the Ottoman conquest on the foundations of the destroyed Turkish bath for the German colonists who settled in the fortress. The facade contains stylistic elements from the Baroque and Renaissance periods and shows the old city coat of arms as well as the old seal of the German community. On the right side of the entrance area there is still a Turkish inscription from the previous building from the 17th century. Today the building is used by the Faculty of Music and Theater of the University of the West.
- 17 Deschan's Palace (Palatul Dejan, also called the Scherter House), Str.Proclamația de la Timișoara no. 5, corner st. Francesco Griselini (between Dikasterialpalast, shopping mall Bega, House to the "Stock-im-Eisen" and Palais Mercy).Patrician palace, built between 1735 and 1752 for the French-born Councilor de Jean, who gave his name to it Deschan Germanized. In the 18th century it was one of the largest private houses in the city. The simpler, one-story north wing (facing St. Eugeniu de Savoya, across from the Dicasterial Palace) has been preserved in its original form and follows a simplified variant of the Habsburg Baroque, while the splendid, two-story south wing became classical in the first half of the 19th century Style redesigned. Its columns correspond to the Corinthian order. In the middle there is a planted inner courtyard with arcades on the ground floor and first floor. From 1843 the first Timișoara casino was here. By the way, it was Anton Deschan who donated the Trinity Column on Piața Unirii after he had lost his wife to the plague.
- Next door, at number 7, is the one 18 "House Mercy" (Casa Mercy), a somewhat smaller and simpler neo-classical town house that was built between 1808 and 1812 on the site of the old generalate, which was demolished in 1779. That is why it popularly bears the name of the first General Commander of Temesvar, Count Mercy, although he had nothing to do with the current building.
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- 19 House to the "stick-in-iron" (Casa cu pomul breslelor), Proclamația de la Timișoara street No. 3 (opposite Deschan Palace). Erected in 1752 by master baker Leopold Kayser. In 1827 it was acquired by the dealer Andreas Trandaphill. He had seen the stick-in-the-iron on a trip to Vienna, which gave him the idea of putting up such a house sign. A master locksmith from Timisoara made it for him: it is a tree trunk covered with thin sheet iron. The stick-in-the-iron was damaged several times by vandalism. The original was brought to the Banat Museum for reconstruction and is kept there. You can now see a replica on the house itself. However, it lacks the innumerable hand-forged nails with coat-of-arms-shaped heads, which, according to a custom, were carved into the stick by traveling locksmiths as souvenirs.
- 20 Serbian Municipal House (Casa comunității sârbeşti), Piața Unirii no. 5,. The building in the classical style, which is striking because of its strong blue paint, was built around 1821 for the then Orthodox community, which at that time was not yet divided into Serbian and Romanian Orthodox. The Banat Swabian politician Kaspar Muth lived here for a while. Refurbished in 2008, today the Union of Serbs in Romania is located here.
- historicism
- 21 National Theater and Opera House (Teatrul Na ional și Opera), Str. Mărăşeşti no. 2 (at the northern end of the Piața Victoriei).It was built in the years 1872-1875 in neo-renaissance style according to the design of the Viennese architects Hellmer and Fellner. After a fire in October 1920, which only the side wings survived, the main facade was rebuilt from 1923 in the neo-Byzantine style with neo-Romanesque elements, which is now modern in Romania, so that there is an architectural tension to the old side facades that remained from the k.u.k. times. During the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the demonstrators gathered on the Piața Victoriei in front of the opera, from whose balcony its leaders made fiery speeches. In addition to the Romanian national theater “Mihai Eminescu” and the national opera, the building also serves as a venue for the German State Theater Timişoara and the Hungarian State Theater “Csiky Gergely”. Such a trilingual theater under one roof is likely to be unique in Europe.
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- 22 town hall (Primăria), Vol. Constantin Diaconovici Loga no. 1 (Corner of St. 20 Decembrie 1989).Built in the years 1924–1925 in the new Romanian style.
- Art Nouveau / Secession
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- 23 House with the lions (Casa cu lei), Piața Unirii no. 5.A two-storey building has been documented in the same place since 1758. In the 19th century it housed an inn and later a grocery store. Around 1900, however, it was renovated for the Weiss-Grünbaum family and redesigned in the style of the Vienna Secession with elements of the Habsburg Baroque. The two (meanwhile rather weathered) lion sculptures on the roof are striking and eponymous. In the gable you can also see two winged lions flanking the builder's coat of arms.
- 24 Széchényi Palace (Palatul Széchényi), Piața Victoriei no. 8th,.Art Nouveau palace with baroque elements built between 1900 and 1914 for the Széchényi Society based on a design by the city architect Székely László. It is considered by some to be the most beautiful building in Timisoara city center. There is a pastry shop on the ground floor.
- 25 House Brück (Casa Brück), st. Mercy # 9.Art Nouveau building (with baroque elements) on Piața Unirii, designed by Székely László.
- The one by the same architect joins in number 7 26 House Emmer (Casa Emmer).
- 27 Palais Lloyd (Palatul Lloyd), Piața Victoriei no. 2.Erected 1910–1912 in an eclectic style using elements from the Vienna Secession and the Baroque for the Lloyd’s insurance exchange. That was on the first floor Café Vienna, once a meeting place for writers and journalists (including Egon Erwin Kisch), from 1941 also for the local NS crowd; Renovated in 2000, the Art Nouveau furnishings have been partially preserved. Today the rectorate building of the Polytechnic University.
- 28 Palais Löffler (Palatul Löffler), Piața Victoriei no. 1,.Noble residential and commercial building in Art Nouveau style with baroque elements, built between 1912 and 1913 for the upper-class Löffler family. On three floors it housed 46 apartments with a total of 142 rooms, which could be reached by six elevators (three of which were for the staff). The facade is lavishly designed with bay windows, balcony niches and rich figural decorations. Today it is mainly used as an office and commercial building. There is a café and a McDonald's branch on the ground floor.
Monuments
Museums
- 29 Banat Museum (Muzeul Banatului), in the Hunyadi Castle, Piața Huniade No. 1.In the archeology department you can see the Neolithic Sanctuary of Parța, a completely restored, 11.5 meters long and 6 meters wide, rectangular sanctuary from around 4000 BC. Chr; also artifacts from the Dacian, Roman, Late Antique and Medieval times. The history section shows historical weapons (from the Viking Age to the 19th century), photographs, coins and medals. The natural history section includes zoological, botanical and mineralogical exhibits. During the renovation of the palace, a small part of the exhibition is temporarily in the Maria-Theresia-Bastion, str. Martin Luther no. 4thOpen: Tue - Sun 10 a.m. - 5 p.m., closed on Sun.
- 30 Art museum (Muzeul de Arta), in the Baroque palace, Piața Unirii no. 1.Open: Tue – Sun 10: 00-18: 00, box office opening until 5.30 p.m.Price: Admission 10 RON, free for schoolchildren, students and pensioners.
- 31 Banat Village Museum (Muzeul Satului Bănățean), in the hunting forest, str. Avram Imbroane nr. 31 (opposite the zoo, approx. 4 km northeast of the city center; Bus 46 to "Muzeul Satului").Open-air ethnographic museum that illustrates traditional life in a Banat village. The replica of a “deportation house” is also reminiscent of the Stalinist deportation of tens of thousands of “class enemies” from western Romania (including many Banat Swabians) to the barren Bărăgan steppe.
- 32 Communist Consumers Museum (Muzeul Consumatorului Comunist), st. Arhitect Szekely Laszlo 1.
Open: Mo-Fr 10: 00-23: 00, Sa 11: 00-23: 00, Su 14: 00-23: 00.Price: free entry.
Streets and squares
- The 33 Piața Unirii (Platz der Einheit, formerly Domplatz) is considered the historical core of the city. It was located in the middle of the former fortress, which is why several sights are concentrated here. It is a largely intact ensemble of representative Baroque buildings, mostly painted in pastel colors: the Catholic Cathedral, the Serbian Orthodox Cathedral and the Bishop's Palace, the former government palace and various patrician houses. In the center of the square there is the baroque Trinity Column or “Plague Column” (to commemorate the surviving epidemic) as well as an artesian well that pumps sulphurous thermal water up from 400 meters below. The Piața Unirii is lined with many restaurants, cafés and, in summer, pavement gardens.
- The elongated one 34 Piața Victoriei (Platz des Sieges), an dessen einem Ende die orthodoxe Metropolitenkathedrale, am anderen das Nationaltheater steht, gilt heute als Zentrum der Stadt und bildetet die bekanntesten Flaniermeile Timișoaras. Gesäumt ist er von großbürgerlichen Wohnpalais aus dem frühen 20. Jahrhunderts im Stil der Wiener Secession mit Geschäften und Straßencafés. Er ist mit Blumenrabatten bedeckt. Auf seiner Mitte steht der „Fischbrunnen“ von 1957 sowie eine Bronzestatue der kapitolinischen Wölfin. Hier war der Schauplatz der ersten Massenproteste der Rumänischen Revolution im Dezember 1989. Eine Gedenkstätte erinnert an die Opfer des Versuchs, den Aufstand blutig niederzuschlagen.
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- 35 Piața Libertății, Platz der Freiheit, früher Paradeplatz oder Stadthausplatz. Hier steht das Alte Rathaus, die frühere Sparkasse und die Kreisbibliothek. Auf der Westseite steht das Haus des Heeres mit der Garnisonskommandantur, davor eine Büste des letzten Dakerkönigs Decebalus. In der Mitte des Platzes befindet sich die barocke Sandsteinstatue des Heiligen Nepomuk und der Maria. Seit einer radikalen Umgestaltung im Jahr 2015 ist der Platz nicht mehr mit Bäumen, Hecken und Grünflächen bedeckt, sondern mit roten Pflastersteinen, die in einem markanten Spiralmuster angeordnet sind.
Parks und Gärten
Die Innenstadt Timișoaras ist von einem fast vollständigen Ring aus Parks umgeben, vor allem auf der Südseite, am Bega-Kanal. Timișoara trägt daher den Beinamen „Stadt der Rosen und Parkanlagen“.
- The 36 Rosenpark (Parcul Rozelor) am Nordufer der Bega, südlich der Strada Academician Alexandru Borza, mit seinem außergewöhnlichen Rosengarten – einem Wahrzeichen von Timișoara – ist der schönste Park der Stadt. Teils im Stil englischer Landschaftsgärten, teils in dem eines französischen Barockgartens angelegt.
- 37 Botanical Garden (Grădina Botanică), str. Gheorghe Dima (am Nordrand des Stadtzentrums, neben dem Städtischen Notfallspital).Oase der Ruhe inmitten der Stadt, mit einer großen Vielfalt an Bäumen und Blumen. Es sind 1650 verschiedene Arten angepflanzt, die phytogeographisch nach Kontinenten geordnet sind.
- 38 Zentralpark (Parcul Central), jenseits des Bvd. Regele Ferdinand I, hinter der Piaristenkirche.Im Park befinden sich das Kriegerdenkmal von 1962 sowie die 2009 angelegte Allee der Persönlichkeiten mit Büsten bedeutender Personen der Geschichte und Kultur des Banats.
- 39 Park der Kathedrale (Parcul Catedralei) auf der Rückseite der orthodoxen Metropolitenkathedrale. Bäume und Sträucher verschiedenster Arten, u.a. Magnolien.
- The 40 Alpinet-Park liegt am Südufer der Bega (Splaiul Tudor Vladimirescu), dem Kathedralenpark gegenüber, und beeindruckt durch seine Vielfalt der Pflanzen und Bäumen.
- The 41 Justizpark (Parcul Justiției) am Nordufer der Bega, südlich des Bvd. Constantin Diaconovici Loga, schräg gegenüber dem Rathaus, stellt die Verbindung zwischen Rosenpark und Kathedralenpark her.
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- 42 Bürgerpark (Parcul Civic), zwischen Hotel Continental, Einkaufszentrum Bega und Bvd. Ion C. Brătianu, sein Wahrzeichen ist die Blumenuhr. Außerdem befindet sich hier noch ein Rest der einstigen Kaserne, der als zweite Spielstätte des Nationaltheaters genutzt wird.
- 43 Kinderpark „Ion Creangă“ (Parcul Copiilor Ion Creangă), an der Bega, zwischen Michelangelo- und Decebal-Brücke, unmittelbar nordöstlich des Rosengartens. Während der sozialistischen Zeit wurde er von der Pionierorganisation verwaltet. 2006–12 wurde er völlig umgestaltet und ist nun in 23 Themenbereiche gegliedert, die für verschiedene Altersgruppen geeignet sind: z. B. Märchenwald, Land der Riesen, Land der Liliputaner, Indianerland, Dunkler Wald oder Schneewittchen und die sieben Zwerge. Eine kleine elektrische Bahn, aber auch von Ponys gezogene Kutschen fahren durch das Gelände. Auf der Freilichtbühne werden Shows für Kinder und Puppentheater aufgeführt. Es gibt eine Konditorei, ein Café sowie einen Schiffsanleger.
- The Blumen im Zentrum dürfen bei der Auflistung nicht fehlen, z. B. die bunten Blumenbeete auf dem Piața Victoriei.
- The 44 Königin-Maria-Park (Parcul Regina Maria), bis 2011 „Volkspark“ (Parcul Poporului – oft wird noch der alte Name verwendet), am Bvd. 3 August 1919, auf der Ostseite der Bega, im Stadtteil Fabric, ist der östlichste Teil des Parkbands, das sich von hier über 2,7 Kilometer am Ufer der Bega entlang bis zum Zentralpark zieht. Mit dem Kinderpark ist er über eine kleine Fußgängerbrücke verbunden. Im Rahmen der Umbenennung wurde eine Büste der rumänischen Königin Maria aufgestellt.
- 45 Carmen-Sylva-Park (Parcul Carmen Sylva), bis 2007 Parcul Doina (manche Einheimischen nennen ihn immer noch so), an der Str. Gheorghe Doja im Stadtteil Elisabetin (Tram 6, 7, 8, 10 bis "Parcul Doina"). Im Jahr 2011 wurde der Park umgestaltet – wie es heißt nach „deutschem Modell“: Ein sechseckiger Holzpavillon bietet Platz für Freilichtveranstaltungen, außerdem gibt es einen artesischen Brunnen und einen großen Kinderspielplatz.
- 46 CarpatZoo – Zoologischer Garten Timișoara (Gradina Zoologică Timişoara), im Jagdwald; str. Avram Imbroane nr. 90 (ca. 4 km nordöstlich des Stadtzentrums, nahe Banater Dorfmuseum; Bus 46 bis "Muzeul Satului", von dort sind es noch 400 Meter bis zum Zoo-Eingang).Kleiner Zoo. Zu sehen sind sowohl heimische (Rothirsch, Braunbär, Ziege, Schwan) als auch exotische Tiere (Wallaby, Emu, Makake). Einige der Gehege sind jedoch in einem schlechten Zustand, so waren im August 2016 teilweise sechs Kaninchen in einer kleinen Box untergebracht und es liefen Ratten zwischen den Ställen umher.Geöffnet: im Sommer (15.4. bis 30.9.) Di–So 10–20 Uhr, im Winter (1.10. bis 14.4.) Di-So 10–17 Uhr, montags geschlossen.Preis: Vollzahler 3 Lei, Kinder bis 14 Jahren 1 Lei, Familien 5 Lei.
various
activities
- 2 Rumänischsprachiges Nationaltheater „Mihai Eminescu”, Str. Mărășești, nr. 2 Str. Alba Iulia, nr. 2.
shop
In Timișoara sind faktisch alle Geschäfte verfügbar, die es in Westeuropa auch gibt. Seit einiger Zeit existiert eine Shopping Mall (Iulius Mall) im Norden der Stadt die sich mit modernen Einkaufszentren in Westeuropa durchaus messen kann. Für den täglichen Bedarf gibt es neben Billa auch den Allkauf, real, die Selgros und die Metro, die anders als in Deutschland nicht nur für Gewerbetreibende mit einer entsprechenden Kundenkarte, sondern für jederman zugänglich ist. Kurzfristig eröffnet Aldi eine Filiale in Timisoara.
kitchen
Cheap
medium
- Grădina Bănățeana, Parcul Justiției/Splaiul Spiru Haret. Tel.: (0)256-292638, Mobile: (0)746-095573, Email: [email protected]. Traditionelle rumänische Küche. Sehr günstig sind die täglich wechselnden Mittagsmenüs.Preis: Hauptgerichte 18–60 Lei zzgl. Beilagen, Mittagsmenü 19 Lei.
Upscale
- 1 Casa cu flori, Str. Alba Iulia nr. 1 (zwischen Piața Libertății und Oper). Tel.: (0)256-435080. Traditionsreiches Nobelrestaurant mit internationalem Anspruch. Regionale Gerichte, italienische und französische Cuisine.Geöffnet: täglich 8–24 Uhr.Preis: Fleischgerichte 21,50–65 Lei zzgl. Beilagen.
Cafés
- 2 Cofetaria Violeta, in the Palais Széchényi, Piața Victoriei nr. 6. The Konditorei in Timișoara; beste Eclairs und Cremetorten.
- 3 Cafeneaua Verde, Strada Coriolan Brediceanu 2. Tel.: (0)724 084 324. Cafe, regionale und italienische Küche und amerikanische Pfannkuchen am der Piața Libertății.
nightlife
- 1 The Note Pub, Bulevardul Mihai Eminescu, nr. 2 (Hinter dem Rathaus bzw. Bancpost). Urige Kneipe mit Livemusik wechselnder Bands, Auswahl internationaler Biere.
- Scârt Loc Lejer, str. Laszlo Szekely nr. 1. Hippe Künstlerkneipe, großer Garten mit Lichterketten und Hängematten.
- 2 Aethernative Café, str. Mărășești 14 (Ecke str. Gen. Eremia Grigorescu und Gheorghe Dima, gegenüber Botanischer Garten). Hauptsächlich von Studenten frequentiertes, ungewöhnlich und künstlerisch eingerichtetes Café. Cocktails und Biere zu erschwinglichen Preisen. Regelmäßig Konzerte örtlicher Bands, Jamsessions oder Filmabende.
accommodation
Cheap
- 1 Camping International, Aleea Padurea Verde 6, 300310 Timișoara. Tel.: 40 256 217 086, Mobile: 40 733 011 671. Campingplatz östlich des Stadtzentrums, welches in ca. 10-15 Minuten mit dem Fahrrad bequem zu erreichen ist. Wiesen- und Betonplätze für Wohnmobile. Strom, Wasser und Entsorgung vorhanden (inkl.).
medium
Upscale
- 2 North Star Continental Resort, B-dul Revoluției 1989, nr. 5, 300054 Timișoara. Tel.: 40 256 494 144, Email: [email protected]. Großes Vier-Sterne-Hotel (164 Zi.) in einem 12-Geschosser aus den Achtzigerjahren in sehr zentraler Lage (unmittelbar am Stadtpark und Blumenuhr, wenige Gehminuten vom Einkaufszentrum Bega, Maria-Theresia-Bastion und Piața Unirii in der Altstadt). Drei Restaurants, Spa- und Wellnesscenter, Fitnessraum, Außenpool und Terrasse; Nachtclub und Casino im Haus.Preis: DZ ab 283 Lei.
- 3 Hotel Timișoara, Str Mărășești nr 1-3, 300086 Timișoara. Tel.: 40 256 498 852, Email: [email protected].Großes Vier-Sterne-Hotel (209 Zi.), sehr zentrale Lage direkt an der Piața Victoriei, neben der Nationaloper. Zimmer alle renoviert und modern eingerichtet. Sehr schickes Restaurant, Spa- und Wellnesslandschaft.Preis: DZ ab 360 Lei.
security
Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, Opfer einer Straftat zu werden ist nicht höher als in Westeuropa. Lassen Sie keine Wertsachen im Auto, besonders nicht über Nacht. Achten Sie auf Taschendiebe im Stadtzentrum und vertrauen Sie keinen "fliegenden Händlern", die mittlerweile sogar gefälschte Elektronikprodukte überteuert verkaufen wollen.
health
Practical advice
- 1 Deutsches Konsulat in Temeswar, Spl. T. Vladimirescu Nr. 10. Tel.: (0)256-309800, Email: [email protected]. Geöffnet: Mo-Fr 08.30–11.30 Uhr.
trips
literature
Individual evidence
- ↑François Ruegg: Gypsy Palaces – A New Visibility for the Roma in Romania? In: Urbanities, Band 3, Nr. 1, 2013, S. 19–21
- ↑Glänzende Prunkbauten für reiche Roma. In: Welt Online, 10. November 2008.
Web links
- http://www.primariatm.ro – Offizielle Webseite von Timisoara
- Touristeninformationen der Stadtverwaltung auf Rumänisch, Englisch und Serbisch
- Timișoara als Kulturhauptstadt Europas 2021
- private Website mit Informationen auf Deutsch
