,_Romania,_Rumänien_20120923.jpg/300px-Sibiu_(Hermannstadt),_Romania,_Rumänien_20120923.jpg) View of the Evangelical parish church | ||
| Sibiu Sibiu · Nagyszeben | ||
| Circle (județ) | Sibiu County | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 147.245 (2011) | |
| height | 415 m | |
| Tourist info web | http://www.sibiu.ro | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Sibiu (spoken: sibiu, with a sharp 'S'; German Sibiu, formerly also called the "capital and Sibiu" of the Transylvanian Saxons, Hungarian Nagyszeben) is a city in Romania. In 2007 Sibiu was the EU Capital of Culture. In this context, the old town in particular was extensively renovated and modern luxury hotels opened. The city has around 150,000 inhabitants and used to be the center of the Transylvanian Saxons.
background
The city consists of an upper and a lower town. In the upper town are the main attractions around the three central squares Piața Mare (Big Ring), Piața Mică (Small Ring) and Piața Huet (Huet Square), as well as the pedestrian zone Strada Nicolae Bălcescu with countless restaurants and shops.
The Romans already had a settlement in today's urban area, but it was destroyed again. The founding of today's city took place in the middle of the 12th century by German settlers. The first documentary mention was made in 1191 in a papal letter under the name praepositum Cibiniensem. The name appears for the first time in 1223 Villa Hermani it is not clear to which Hermann this name refers. In 1241 the young settlement was destroyed again by invading Tartars, but it was rebuilt. Due to its location at the intersection of two long-distance trade routes, Sibiu developed splendidly and was named a city in 1366.
Sibiu became a town in the 15th century Main chair the administrative unit of the same name and finally the capital of Transylvania at the end of the 17th century. Three wall rings with 39 towers were built against the constant threat from the Turks. After Transylvania was annexed to Austria, the laws that previously only allowed Transylvanian Saxons to live in the city were abolished, after which the proportion of Hungarians and Romanians in the city slowly increased. After the Austro-Hungarian settlement in 1867, Sibiu, like all of Transylvania, became part of the Hungarian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
After the First World War, the residents of Transylvania decided to join Romania and the city was given the Romanian name Sibiu. Contrary to what the Transylvanian Saxons had hoped for, the new Greater Romania was largely administered centrally, and minority rights were subordinated (which, however, had already been the case under Hungarian rule). Until about 1930, however, Germans made up the majority of the population. After the Second World War, the number of Germans stagnated, while the proportion of Romanians continued to rise due to immigration; but there was no massive flight or expulsion, as was the case with other German minorities in Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Most of the Sibiu Saxons stayed in their homeland. This only changed during the rule of Nicolae Ceaușescu, who, according to his nationalist-communist ideology, tried to assimilate the ethnic minorities and under whose government the economic situation deteriorated noticeably. Many ethnic Germans tried to leave Romania and move to the Federal Republic of Germany. Another great wave of emigration from Transylvanian Saxons occurred after the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989. As a result, they now make up less than 2% of the population; another 2% are Hungarians, while over 90% are Romanians.
Nevertheless, there are a number of German-speaking institutions in Sibiu to this day, including several German schools (including the renowned Brukenthal Lyceum) and kindergartens that are also attended by many Romanian children, a German-language educational lyceum, a German-language Protestant theological faculty three German-language publishers and the weekly Hermannstädter Zeitung.
From 2000 to 2014 the Transylvanian Saxon Klaus Johannis was mayor of the city. The economic upswing of the city is partly attributed to him: Numerous foreign investors, mainly from Austria and Germany, settled here and founded production facilities, the best-known among them Siemens, Thyssen Krupp and Continental. The free choice of European Capital of Culture 2007 greatly strengthened the city's tourist attraction. Johannis was re-elected with 89% of the vote, and at the end of 2014 he even became Romanian President. Be Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (DFDR) provides more than half of the seats in the city council, although the proportion of Germans is very low, as stated above. Along with the foreign companies, a small community of managers and experts from the countries of the respective parent companies also settled in Sibiu.
getting there
By plane
The Sibiu airport
(IATA: SBZ) was extensively modernized in 2007 and has grown in importance ever since. It is now one of the seven busiest airports in the country. Offer direct flights from German-speaking countries (as of February 2016) Lufthansa Regional and Tarom (both in Munich, three times a day in total), Austrian Airlines (Vienna, daily except Saturday), Blue Air (Stuttgart three times a week, and Cologne / Bonn) and Wizz Air (Dortmund, twice a week). The flight takes between 1½ hours (Vienna) and 2:20 hours (Dortmund). From Munich you can get a return flight with Lufthansa in economy class from € 180. From Vienna you pay 250 € with Austrian, from Stuttgart only 80 € with Blue Air (all as of February 2016). Current overview of the goals
From the airport to the city center you can take the public buses 11, 112, 116, 117 and 118, the bus stop is about 250 meters from the exit of the terminal. Line 11 runs on weekdays from 6 a.m. to 9.45 p.m. every 20 minutes, then every half an hour, the last bus at 11.20 p.m., on weekends only every 40 minutes (Timetable online); Only a few buses run on the other lines during rush hour. There is a ticket machine at the stop, but you need Romanian coins for it. The single journey costs 1.50 lei (around 35 euro cents). Alternatively, you can take a taxi. There is a taxi rank right in front of the airport. If there is no car there, the staff at the information desk will call you. Furthermore, the car rental companies are at Sibiu Airport Advice, Enterprise, Europcar, hertz, Sixt and Autonomous represented. There is also a tourist information office at the airport.
If you can't find a suitable connection to Sibiu yourself, you can also do the 100 km to the north "Transilvania" airport near Târgu Mureș (TGM). This is where the Hungarian low-cost line offers Wizz Air a handful of direct connections from airports in western and southern Germany.
By train
From the German-speaking area, the best way to travel is to take the night train (EuroNight) Vienna – Bucharest, which stops directly in Sibiu. It takes 13½ hours from Vienna. It takes about as long to change trains in Budapest, where you can also take a EuroNight directly to Sibiu, which arrives four hours earlier (6:17 instead of 10:12; as of February 2016). From Munich you need a one-time change in Vienna 17:40 hours, from Frankfurt a. M. almost 21 hours, from Zurich 22½ hours. From the east of Germany you can also take the EuroNight to Budapest from Berlin or Dresden, where you have a direct intercity connection to Sibiu the next morning (from Dresden a total of almost 22 hours, from Berlin over 24 hours).
Train travel within Romania is very cheap, the trains usually leave on time. Very old, worn trains are still in use on regional routes. Connections between the larger cities are operated with modern trains.
By bus
| Distances | |
| Bucharest | 280 km |
|---|---|
| Brașov | 145 km |
| Cluj-Napoca | 165 km |
The central bus station is located on st. Europa Unita near the train station (2 minutes walk away). Local, national and international destinations are approached from there.
Eurolines offers direct bus connections from numerous German cities to Sibiu without changing trains. For example, you need 20:45 hours from Munich and pay 84 € for one way, 21½ hours from Dresden (99 €), from Leipzig 23½ hours (104 €), from Stuttgart 25:15 hours (89 € ), from Berlin 26 hours (119 €).
In the street
Sibiu is located on the A1 motorway, although parts of it are still under construction. After according to ADAC A gap between Margina and Cosevita remains, which is planned to be closed in 2020, to release further sections planned for mid-2019.[outdated] From Vienna there is a total of approx. 790 kilometers, for which you need just under eight hours of pure driving time with an average driving style.
By boat
mobility
Public transport in Sibiu (only buses since the tram was shut down) is only important for tourists if you are not staying in the center of the old town or if you are driving to a destination outside the old town. This website provides information about the bus and tram routes [1] in romanian (on Activities, transport click in comun).
taxi: There are a number of taxi companies in Sibiu, most of which have the same kilometer tariff of 1.48 RON during the day and 1.69 RON at night (as of November 2009). Here are some phone numbers from taxi companies (area code 0269); Comis, tel. 242424, Corso, tel. 946, Inter, tel. 242323, Negoiu, tel. 444444, Pronto, tel. 222222.
Tourist Attractions
,_Romania,_Rumänien_20120923_02.jpg/300px-Sibiu_(Hermannstadt),_Romania,_Rumänien_20120923_02.jpg)
Churches
- 1 Catholic parish church of the Holy Trinity (Biserica Parohială Romano-Catolică Sfânta Treime), Piața Mare 3. The church is from 1733 and was built by the Jesuits.
- 2 Evangelical parish church (Biserica Parohială Evanghelică), Piața Albert Huet. The church dates from the 12th century, but was expanded again and again over the centuries and was completed as a hall church at the beginning of the 16th century. The church is 73m high and has the largest organ in Transylvania. In the church, the baptismal font from 1438 and the 50 square meter Rosenau mural from 1445 are worth mentioning. The tower of the church can be climbed and offers a great view of the city and the surrounding area.
- 3 Orthodox cathedral (Catedrala Ortodoxa), Strada Mitropoliei 33. The cathedral was built in 1906 in the Byzantine style and is also worth a visit whether its size and decoration.
Buildings
- 4 Council tower (Turnul Sfatului), Piața Mică 31. The council tower connects the large and small ring. The town hall was once located next to the tower in the 14th century, hence the name. The tower is from 1370 and can be climbed. Like the tower of the Protestant church, the council tower can also be climbed.
- 5 town hall (Primăria), Strada Samuel Von Brukenthal 2.
- Lutsch House
- 6 Bridge of Lies (Podul Minciunilor)
Monuments
Museums
- 7 Brukenthal Museum (Palatul Brukenthal), Piaţa Mare 4 - 5. Tel.: 40 269 217 691. The Brukenthal Museum on the Piata Mare is certainly one of the highlights of Sibiu. The museum is housed in a beautiful baroque palace and shows paintings by various European painting schools from the Middle Ages to the 18th century, as well as a library with books, most of which were bought by Baron Brukenthal (15,972 volumes) himself.Open: Summer: Tue-Sun, 10 a.m.-6 p.m., Winter: Wed-Sun 10 a.m.-6 p.m.Price: 20 lei.
- 8 Museum of Pharmacy History (Muzeul de Istorie a Farmaciei), Piaţa Mică 26. Tel.: 40 269 218191. Price: 10 lei.
- 10 House of Arts (Casa Artelor), Piaţa Mică 21.
- 11 History museum Haus Altemberger (Muzeul de Istorie Casa Altemberger), Strada Mitropoliei 2. Tel.: 40 269 218143. Price: 20 lei.
- 12 Contemporary Art Galleries (Galeriile de Artă Contemporană), Strada Tribunei 6. Tel.: 40 (0)269 250431. Price: 8 lei.
- 14 Astra open air museum (Muzeul Civilizației Popular Tradiționale Astra), Calea Dumbravii. Tel.: 40 269 218195, Email: [email protected]. The open-air museum is located on the outskirts and is one of the largest of its kind in Europe: over 150 buildings, including farms and mills, are located on the site.
Streets and squares
- 15 Big ring (Piața Mare). As the name suggests, the largest and most spacious square is framed by magnificent patrician houses. The town hall, the Brukenthal Palais, the Catholic parish church of the Holy Trinity and the Lutschhaus are located on the square (see above).
- 16 Small ring (Piața Mică). The houses are a bit smaller and less posh than on the Großer Ring, but no less atmospheric. The council tower is on the square. the Bridge of Lies, the Museum of Pharmacy History, the Franz Binder Ethnography Museum and the House of Arts.
- 17 Piața Huet (Huet Square). The third place is the Huetplatz, which is determined by the mighty Protestant parish church.
Parks
various
The magazine published free of charge in most hotels and restaurants 24-FUN offers an overview of events, tips for going out, shopping, restaurants and the like around Hermannstadt / Sibiu.
activities
shop
On the Piata Cibin there is an "agro" market with many local products every day except Sundays. A visit is worthwhile for the typical Romanian market atmosphere.
- Magazinul Dumbrava, at Piata Unirii 10. From the outside, the Magazinul Dumbrava looks like one of the big department stores that we know in this country, but inside is more of a collection of small stalls that are distributed over the floors without a recognizable system. It is more reminiscent of a covered bazaar than a department store. It is less suitable for shopping, but it is worth strolling through because of this funny peculiarity.
kitchen
Cheap
medium
- Crama Sibiul Vechi, A.Papiu Ilarian 3. Tel.: 40 269 210461. The Crama Sibiul Vechi (old Sibiu restaurant) offers Romanian cuisine at reasonable prices in the old town.
Upscale
- 1 MAX, St. Ocnei 22. With its international cuisine of high standards, the MAX restaurant offers a welcome change from the traditional Romanian restaurants and fast food stalls. The wines are very carefully selected and give a good insight into modern vinification in Romania.
- Fellini, Strada Justitiei. The Fellini restaurant offers an excellent selection of Italian delicacies, perfected by a first-class team.
nightlife
The magazine published free of charge in most hotels and restaurants 24-FUN offers an overview of events, tips for going out, shopping, restaurants and the like around Hermannstadt / Sibiu.
Cheap
medium
- imperium. A cozy cellar pub in the heart of the old town. It is located in Bielz House, on Bulevardul Nicolae Bălcescu, the Sibius shopping street, about halfway between Piata mare and Parcul Astra. It offers a daily changing live music program (watch out for the karaoke day;)). The decor and atmosphere of the brick vault could be described as rustic and cozy, but it is by no means old-fashioned or kitschy. The performing bands were consistently good and the events on the “stage” can also be followed from places without direct visual contact on small televisions. It should be noted here that you only pay the "entry fee" - the contribution towards the cost of the live music - when you have already taken a seat (usually when the first order is taken), so you have time to think about whether you want the music or you prefer to go somewhere else. The beer is good and cheap, but the cocktails taste different from what you are used to from German pubs (most of them were a bit sour) - if you are not keen to experiment here you should stick to beer or wine. The wait staff are extremely friendly and - even if there is no language spoken on both sides - you have the feeling of being treated like a regular on your second visit.
Upscale
accommodation
Cheap
- Old John Wheeler Hostel, Mos Ion Roata Street 9. Tel.: 40 745 061672. A cheap place to stay in the center of Sibiu. You can stay overnight in shared rooms from € 11.
medium
- 1 Casa Veche Sibiu, Strada Liviu Rebreanu 4. Tel.: 40 269 213 034. A lovingly and family-run guesthouse with cozy and very clean rooms. It is located in the immediate vicinity of the old town, but can also be easily reached on foot from the train station. The owner speaks fluent German and most of the staff at least speaks very good English. You can stay there from 85 lei (20 €) in a single room or 120 lei (28 €, i.e. 14 € p.p.) in a double room (as of January 2013). The food in the in-house restaurant is cheap and very good. The omelette from the breakfast menu and the chicken breast in Gorgonzola sauce are particularly recommended.
Upscale
Learn
Work
security
health
Practical advice
- Tourist information center, Piata Mare 7 (main square). Tel.: 40 (0)69-21 11 10, Email: [email protected]. In addition to the usual information, there is also a city map of Hermannstadt / Sibiu. An interactive city and area map of Hermannstadt / Sibiu can also be found here [2].Open: daily except Sun 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
- Post office, in the middle of Mitropoliei street in the city center.
- Silence Internet Café, Mitropoliei Street 27 in the back yard. A well-equipped (headphones, microphones, printer, scanner) internet café.Price: 2 RON per hour.
trips
- Kelling Castle (Câlnic). The UNESCO World Heritage Site Kelling Castle is about 45 minutes (50 km) west of Sibiu Sebeș. The castle was built in the 13th century by the noble Kelling family. The castle has a complete wall ring and three towers. In the 15th century the castle was sold to the community who added the chapel. The castle and all towers can be visited.
- Michelsberg (Cisnădioara), 12 km south of Sibiu. Is shaped by the one hill with a chapel. The chapel is from the 13th century and is surrounded by a defensive wall. The chapel is empty with the exception of grave slabs with German names of fallen soldiers from the First World War.
- Heltau (Cisnădie). Not far from Michelsberg - has a church from the 13th century that was later extended to a fortified church. In 1797 the church received the first lightning rod east of Vienna. In the church you can admire the secret chamber in which the church treasure was previously hidden. There is also one in the village Textile Museum (Muzeul Industriei Textile)[3] which indicates the past importance of the local textile industry.
- Păltiniș. Winter sports and climatic health resort in the Carpathian Mountains, 35 km southwest of Sibiu.
Web links
- A fairly clear page in the languages RO / EN / D is http://www.sibiu.ro.
- A page for rating individual restaurants in Sibiu http://www.essen.in-hermannstadt.info
