Yellowstone National Park[1] is a national park USA located in the western states of Wyoming, Montana and Idaho of USA was established on March 1, 1872. Yellowstone is the world's first and oldest national park, mostly in the eastern corner of Wyoming. Yellowstone is famous for its wildlife and geothermal sites, especially the Old Faithful geyser. There are several types of ecosystems here, such as the predominant sub-alpine forest.
Research
History
Yellowstone is the northeast end of the Snake River Plain, a large U-shaped arc through the mountains that extends about 640 km (400 mi) west from Boise, Idaho. This feature follows the path of the array North America during the last 17 million years as it was transported by plate tectonics across the static mantle hotspot. The landscape of Yellowstone National Park today is the most recent manifestation of this hot spot beneath the Earth's crust.
Yellowstone Caldera is the largest volcanic system in North America. It is called a "supervolcano" because the caldera is formed from extremely explosive eruptions. The current caldera was created by a geological eventful eruption that took place about 640,000 years ago, which released 1,000 km³ (240 cubic miles) of ash, rock, and thermal flake materials. This eruption was more intense than the eruption of Mount St. Helens 1980 to 1,000 times. It created a crater up to 1 km (0.62 mi) deep and 85 x 45 km (52 x 28 mi) in size and condensed into Lava Creek Tuff, a consolidated tuff geological formation. The most intense known eruption, which took place about 2.1 million years ago, spewed 2,450 km³ (588 cubic miles) of volcanic ash material and formed a rock formation called the Huckleberry Ridge Tuff and created the caldera. Island Park. The smaller eruption ejected 280 km³ (67 cubic miles) of material about 1.2 million years ago, forming the Fork Henry caldera and condensing into Mesa Falls Tuff.
All three of these climactic eruptions released large amounts of ash and covered much of the central region North America, with ashes falling hundreds of miles away. The amount of ash and gases released into the atmosphere has probably had significant effects on world weather patterns and led to the extinction of many species, mainly in North America.
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About 96% of Yellowstone National Park's rugged land is in the state of Wyoming. About 3% is in the state of Montana and about 1% is in the state of Idaho. The park is about 102 kilometers (63 mi) long north-south and 87 kilometers (54 mi) east-west. At 898,317 hectares (2,219,789 acres), Yellowstone is larger than the two states of Rhode Island and Delaware combined. Rivers and lakes make up 5% of the land area, with the largest reservoir being Yellowstone Lake at 35,220 hectares (87,040 acres). Yellowstone Lake is up to 122 m (400 ft) deep and has 177 km (110 mi) of shoreline. Located at 2,357 m (7,733 ft) above sea level, Yellowstone Lake is the highest elevation lake in the world. North America. Forests account for 80% of the park's land area, most of the remaining area is grassland.
Continental dividing line of North America runs diagonally across the southwest part of the garden. This dividing line is a topographic feature separating the watersheds of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. About a third of the garden lies west of this dividing line. The birthplaces of the Yellowstone and Snake rivers are close together but on opposite sides of this dividing line. As a result, the water of the Snake River flows to the Pacific Ocean while the water of the Yellowstone River flows to the Atlantic Ocean through the bay. Mexico.
The park is located on the Yellowstone Plateau, with an average elevation of 2,400 m (8,000 ft) above sea level. The plateau is bordered on nearly all sides by the mountains of the Middle Rocky Mountains, with elevations ranging from 2,743 to 3,352 m (9,000-11,000 ft). The highest point in the garden is Eagle Peak at 3,462 m (11,358 ft) and the lowest point is along Reese Creek (1,610 m or 5,282 ft). Adjacent mountain ranges include the Gallatin Mountains to the northwest, the Beartooth Mountains to the north, the Absaroka Mountains to the east, and the Teton and Madison Mountains to the southwest and west. The most prominent peak on the Yellowstone Plateau is the 3,122 m (10,243 ft) Washburn Peak.
Flora and Fauna
1,700 species of trees and other vascular plants are native to the park. About 170 other species are non-native invasive species. Of the eight conifer species documented, Lodgepole pine forests cover 80% of the total forest area. Other conifers, such as subalpine fir, Engelmann spruce, Rocky Mountain Douglas fir and whitebark pine, are found as sparse groves throughout the park. In 2007, the white-bark pine was threatened by the white-bark pine rust fungus; however, it mainly takes place in the northern and western forests. In Yellowstone, about 7% of white-bark pine is affected by this fungus, while in northwestern Montana nearly all white-bark pine is affected by the fungus. Aspen and willow are the most common deciduous trees here. Aspen forests have declined dramatically since the early 20th century, but scientists at Oregon State University have contributed to the restoration of aspen forests by bringing wolves back here to alter leaf-grazing habits. of native elk.
Several dozen species of flowering plants have been identified here, most of which bloom between May and September. Yellowstone sand verbena is a rare species found only in Yellowstone. It is closely related to species that live in warmer climates, making it an oddity there. About 8,000 clusters of these rare flowers live on the sandy shores of Yellowstone Lake, just above the waterline.
In Yellowstone there are about 60 species of mammals, including the endangered gray wolf, and threatened species such as the lynx and grizzly bear. Other large mammals include bison, black bears, elk, alpine deer, black-tailed deer, mountain goats, wildebeest, bighorn sheep, and mountain lions. Beginning in 1914, in an attempt to target elk population protection, Congress USA Funds were set up to be used for the "extermination of wolves, prairie dogs and other animals harmful to agriculture and livestock" on public lands. The National Park hunters took up the task and in 1926 they shot and killed 136 coyotes, and the wolves apparently disappeared from Yellowstone. The extermination continued until 1935 when the National Park Service ended this activity. With the passage of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, wolves were among the first listed mammals. After coyotes were exterminated from Yellowstone, coyotes became the top predator. However, because it was unable to defeat large animals, the large group of animals became crippled and sick.
In the 1990s, the federal government changed its stance on wolves. In a controversial decision of the Department of Fish and Wildlife USA, 66 Mackenzie valley wolves, imported from Canada, has been introduced into this national park. Re-introduction efforts have been successful with relatively stable populations. A survey conducted in 2005 reported that they found 13 packs of wolves, totaling 118 in Yellowstone and 326 in the entire ecosystem.
Climate
The weather in Yellowstone National Park can change very quickly from sunny to chilly and rainy, so it's very important to bring extra clothing for cold weather that can be used when needed. Snow can fall on Yellowstone at any time of the year.
- Summer: Daytime temperatures usually in the 70s usually fluctuate around 25°C and sometimes in the 80s around 30°. Nights are usually cool and temperatures can drop below freezing in higher elevations. Thunderstorms are very common in the afternoons.
- Winter: Temperatures typically range from zero to 20 °F (-20 °C and -5 °C) throughout the day. Sub-zero temperatures during the night are common. The record low temperature is -66 °F (-54 °C).
Come here
Eating
Most are deals that sell food and may have snack bars. Some hotels and cafeterias such as:
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