 Aerial view of Whitby and harbor | ||
| Whitby | ||
| county | North Yorkshire | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 13.600 (As of 2001) | |
no value for residents on Wikidata:  | ||
| no tourist info on Wikidata: | ||
| location | ||
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Whitby is a city in the district Scarborough in the English county of North Yorkshire. It is on the edge of the national park North York Moors in the valley of the River Esk at its confluence with the North Sea.
background
Whitby is a divided city: to the west of the river there are Georgian rows of houses, chip stalls and the entertainment mile, to the east is the old village with its cobblestone streets. Originally the houses only stood along the narrow river bank and were protected by the cliffs. As the settlement grew, a road was built on each bank of the river, narrow courtyards led up the cliffs and narrow "ghauts" led down to the river on the other side. Much of this street layout, which was typical in the Middle Ages, has been preserved with houses from the same period. The link between the old and the new city is the Swing Bridge. Its secluded location on the edge of the moor made Whitby isolated and completely dependent on the sea. The city flourished thanks to a safe haven on a dangerous coast. The city experienced an economic boom between the 18th and 20th centuries, when a lot of money was made with shipbuilding, fishing, whaling and the transport of alum, coal and stones. Today tourism is an important source of income.
getting there
By plane
The nearest airports are Durham Tees Valley Airport
(IATA: MME), 75 km away, Leeds Bradford International Airport(IATA: LBA), 124 km away) and the Newcastle Airport(IATA: NCL), 127 km away.
By train
- 1 railway station It is on the west side of the river at Station Square, and the sights are within walking distance.
- With the trains of the Esk Valley Line of Middlesborough (4 times a day)
- With the historical features of the North York Moors Railway of Pickering
By bus
With the Coastliner line 840 of Leeds above York to Whitby
Society Arriva operates the routes:
- Lines 5, 5a, 5b: from Middlesborough above Guisborough to Whitby
- Lines 93 and X93 from Middlesborough about Whitby after Scarborough
- Line 95 Whitby - Sleights
In the street
Whitby is on the A171 leading from Scarborough to Guisborough The A169 branches off the A171 just outside the city and crosses the Yorkshire Moors Pickering got. The A174 runs along the coast north to Redcar and then branches off Middlesborough from.
By boat
Although Whitby is a port town, it is not possible to take a ferry to get here. The nearest ferry port is Newcastle upon Tyne, approximately 112 km away. connection with DFDS to Amsterdam
mobility
The old part of Whitby is best explored on foot, with narrow streets just east of the river. Sometimes it goes steeply up the cliffs. There is only one bridge in the city.
Tourist Attractions
On the East Cliffe After the 199 steps of the Church Stairs, lie the most famous sights of the city: the ruins of Whitby Abbey and the Church of St. Mary.
In 657 AD, King Oswy of Northumbria founded a monastery on the cliff. The first abbess was Hilda, who was later canonized. A shepherd named Caedmon also belonged to this Christian community. In a dream an angel told him what to sing and when he woke up he wrote it Song of Creation, it is the oldest known poem in the English language. In 867 the monastery was destroyed by the Vikings and only re-established in 1078.
In the 16th century the monastery was dissolved as part of the Reformation by King Henry VIII. The only significant remnant of the monastery is the church. It was built in the 13th and 14th centuries. After the Reformation it was allowed to fall into disrepair, the nave collapsed around 1763 and the crossing tower collapsed in 1830. During the First World War, the west facade was largely destroyed by a shell hit, but it was rebuilt true to the original in 1921.
2 Abbey HouseAbbey House
The Abbey House stands next to the abbey ruins. It used to be the residence of the Cholmely family who acquired the abbey and its lands in 1540 shortly after the monasteries were dissolved. The monastery buildings supplied the building materials for the construction of the house. Around 1635 the house was expanded and modernized. The facade facing the city is now largely Victorian. They remained the owners until the 20th century.
Today, one part of the building houses a museum with finds from the abbey grounds and the museum shop, and another part houses the youth hostel.
3 Church of St. Mary
Today's Norman church, which looks very compact and defensive with its low tower, was built between 1098 and 1129. Nobody knows why it was built in such a strange but impressive place. In the 13./14. The early Gothic transepts were added in the 18th century. It is quite unusual, there is only one wide nave with no aisles, the large Georgian windows are more suitable for a residential building. A gallery was placed in front of the Norman choir arch, which now partially covers it. This gallery, called Cholmley Pew, is supported by slender, sinuous columns. From here, Whitby's most powerful family had a good view of the congregation and the pastor's head. Above the choir arch is Queen Victoria's coat of arms. The interior, which dates from the 18th and 19th centuries. Century is unusual: where it was possible, galleries were built in, the large pulpit draws the eye Box pew (Church pews reminiscent of a shed and belonging to a family) were built in.
Several paths lead across the cemetery with its crooked and weathered tombstones. From here there is a wonderful view of the city with the estuary and further north up the coast. The ruins of the abbey rise up behind a wall in the other direction. In January 2013 there was a landslide after heavy rains. The historic Freidhof was partially destroyed, and several ancient bones fell into the valley.
- 4 Old Town Hall The Old Town Hall or Customs House was built by Sir Nathaniel Cholmley in 1788. The lower part of the two-story building is open, the upper part is supported by columns. The building is crowned by a bell tower.
- 5 Swing bridge (Swing bridge)
The bridge is the only one within the urban area. It is the fourth bridge at this point. The first was built in 1351, the current electrical one dates from 1908/09.
6 East Pier
The pier was built or renewed around 1702 and expanded between 1844 and 1850. During this work it was also given the shape reminiscent of an elbow. The lighthouse was built in 1854 and is still in use.
- 7 Captain Cook Memorial Museum, 17 Grape Lane. In 1746 the young James Cook went to Whitby. He found work and accommodation in Grape Lane with John Walker, a shipowner. The museum gives an insight into the adventurous life of the explorer. On view are among other things contemporary furniture, drawings and pictures that were made by fellow travelers during the voyages of discovery, ship models and sea charts.Open: February to March 31, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., April 1 to November 3, 9:45 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily (as of 2013).Price: ₤ 4.80.
West Cliffe
- 8 Whitby Museum & Pannett Art Gallery, in Pannett Park on the West Cliffe. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 602908. Attorney Robert Pannett donated a building to the city to house his art collection. On display are exhibits on local history, jet jewelry and Captain Cook artifacts. In an extension there is a department with costumes as well as a collection of photos and maps.Open: Tuesday to Sunday 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.Price: ₤ 5.00.
activities
- Hiking on the long-distance hiking trail Cleveland Way or in the national park North York Moors
- On the beaches and bays between Whitby and Sandsend: surfing, windsurfing, sailing and diving
- Boat tours along the coast
- City tours with the Open top bus
Events
- Penny hedge on the eve of Ascension Day
- Whitby Now music festival with local bands
- Bram Stoker Film Festival
- Whitby Regatta (in August)
shop
- There are many shops on Sandgate (East Cliffe), mostly souvenir shops.
- Co op, New Quay Road, Endeavor Wharf. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 600710. Open: Mon to Sat 6 a.m. to 11 p.m., Sun 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
kitchen
nightlife
accommodation
- Youth Hostel, Abbey House, East Cliff, Whitby. Tel.: 44 (0)845 3719049. Open: Reception 7.30 a.m. to 10.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m. to 10.30 p.m.Price: rooms from £ 30.00, beds from £ 18.60.
- Sandfield House Caravan Park, Sandfield House Farm, Sandsend Road, Whitby. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 602660, Email: [email protected]. Price: Pitches at £ 20.00.
- 1 Ashford Guest House ***, 8 Royal Crescent, Whitby,. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 602138, Email: [email protected]. Open: Double £ 28.00 per person per night.
- 2 Sunnyvale House ****, Normanby Terrace (WEst Cliffe), Whitby. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 820389, Email: [email protected]. Price: Double room from 30.00 per person and night.
- 3 Bagdale Hall Hotel, 1 Bagdale, Whitby. Tel.: 44 (0)1947 602958, Fax: 44 (0)1947 820714. Open: Reception until 11 p.m.
Under Whitby Online there are B&B, guest houses, hotels and holiday apartments / houses
health
Practical advice
Tourist Information
- 2 Whitby TIC, Langborne Road (opposite the train station). Tel.: 44 (0)1723 383636, Email: [email protected]. Open: October 1 to April 30, 2014 Monday to Sunday 10 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
important phone number
- 999 is the emergency number for the police, fire brigade and ambulance
useful websites
Post code: YO 21 and YO 22
- Post office, Langborne Road. Further branches available.Open: Mon, Tue, Wed, Sat 8.30 a.m. - 5.30 p.m., Thu Fri 8.30 a.m. - 7.00 p.m.
Area code: 01947, from abroad 44 1947
trips
- in the national park North York Moors
- Ride the North York Moors Railway
- Saltwick Bay (approx. 1.5 km southeast) The low, rocky outcrop of Saltwick Nab is at the southern end of the bay. On either side of the beach are large platforms made of rock that can only be seen at low tide.
- to the Whitby Lighthouse (southeast of the city on Ling Hill near Saltwick Bay) The 13 m high lighthouse was built in 1858 on the cliff
- Kettleness Beach is very popular with fossil collectors
- Transporter Bridge in Middlesborough. The bridge is the last across the Tees River before it flows into the North Sea. It was built around 1910 and is 259 m long. The platform crosses the river at a height of approx. 49 m.
Coastal villages
- Robin Hood's Bay: Pitoresque fishing village with steep, winding streets lined with old houses and cottages
- Staithes: Whitewashed cottages crowd in any space suitable for building. The sheltered harbor is accessed via a cobblestone road that winds down the cliffs
- Runswick Bay: The fishing boats lie on the long sandy beach of the village
- Sandsend: The fishing village lies at the foot of Lythe Bank, this is where the sandy beach that begins in Whitby ends. The cottages stand between the cliffs and two streams.
