Henryków - village in Poland, in Dolnośląskie Voivodeship, in Ząbkowicki County, in in the Ziębice commune.
Information
In the years 1975-1998, the town administratively belonged to the then Wałbrzych Province.
Henryków is located on the river Oława an old monastic village (first mentioned in documents in 1222), which became famous in the world thanks to its beautiful Cistercian abbey (funded by canon Nicholas, who on behalf of Henry the Bearded, in 1227, invited Cistercians from Lubiąża) and Book of Henrykow.
The Cistercian Abbey complex in Henryków belongs to the monuments of the highest European class. It includes a monastery, church, farm buildings, gardens and a park. Founded in the years 1222-1228, it received its present baroque form during the reign of the abbot Henryk Kehlert in the years 1682-1685. Over the centuries, it was subject to numerous damages and plunder, and yet it is a real gem among the monuments of Lower Silesia.
Currently, the monastery building is occupied by students of the Catholic High School and alumni of the Metropolitan Higher Theological Seminary of the Archdiocese of Wrocław.
Henryków is located on the Cistercian Route.
History
The name comes from the name Henryk and was given in honor of the founder Henry the Bearded. Place under the Latinized name Heinrichowe it is mentioned in a Latin document of May 9, 1256 signed by Prince Przemysł I, issued in Poznan. The Polish name of the town in the form of "Henryków" was mentioned by the Silesian writer Józef Lompa in the book "A short sketch of Szląska's geography for initial science" published in Głogówek in 1847
The Tatar invasion in 1241 destroyed both the village and the monastery buildings. The brick Romanesque monastery was built around 1270 and a school was established.
The book, which is the monastery chronicle, was written in the years 1268-1273 by the abbot Peter. When translating the name of the nearby village of Brukalice (there is now a monument to the Book of Henryków), he quoted the famous words, considered to be the first sentence written in Polish - "give me, now I will grind and you rest" ("day ut ia pobrusa a ti poziwaj") . These words were to be spoken by a peasant named Boguchwał to his wife grinding grain in the mill. Apparently, the model of civil marriage at that time was not popular, since such a proposal was considered worthy of being included in the monastery chronicle.
Around 1300, 45 monks and 50 lay brothers lived here.
The monastery church became the necropolis of the Ziębice Piasts; the tombstone has been preserved Bolek II Ziębicki and his wife Guta.
Much damage to the abbey was caused by the Hussite wars in the 15th century, the Thirty Years' War in the 17th century and most of the Silesian wars in the 18th century.
In 1810, the Prussian King Frederick William III liquidated the abbey and its goods were confiscated for the benefit of the Prussian state. In 1812, the sister of the Prussian king, Wilhelmina of Prussia (1774-1837) (later queenThe Netherlands), purchased Henryk goods, creating the largest Hohenzollern estate in Silesia. Later, the princes of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach became the owners. The last of them, Wilhelm Ernest II, after his abdication on November 9, 1918, often stayed in Henryków with his wife Feodora.
After World War II, the village became part of Poland. German residents were displaced to the new borders German.
In 1947, the Cistercians with Szczyrzyca took over the church and part of the monastery. In the years 1965-1990, the remaining part of the monastery housed the Agricultural School Complex.
In 1990, on the initiative of Cardinal Henryk Gulbinowicz, the post-Cistercian abbey passed entirely into the hands of the Catholic Church and is the seat of a theological seminary and a Catholic high school. Over the years, the former monastery building and outbuildings have been renovated and the area around the building has been developed. In 2000, on October 28 - for the ceremonial putting on of the tunics of the 1st year students of the MWSD in Wrocław, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger - later Pope Benedict XVI - came to Henryków.
In 2002 - in the monastery part, on the initiative of the Catholic Secondary School of Edmund Bojanowski, as a male private school with the rights of a public school and intended primarily for young people from poor rural families. In the former, ruined monastery infirmary, after a major renovation, a high school boarding house found its place.
Historical monuments
According to the registry National Heritage Institute the list of monuments includes:
- historical urban layout, from the 13th-beginning Twentieth century
- church pom. pw. st. Andrew, from the years 1316, 1616, 1846
- monastery complex Cistercians:
- monastery church of the parish pw. Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. John the Baptist, early Gothic from the years 1230-1270, first half of the 14th century, end of 17th century, 18th century Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and John the Baptist was built in stages from 1241. The current interior design dates from the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries and is rich in valuable works of art. Particularly noteworthy are:
- paintings by Michael Willmann known as the Silesian Rembrandt,
- tombstone of prince Bolek and his wife Jutta from the middle of the 14th century - one of the oldest double tombstones in Poland,
- the oldest organ in Silesia from the mid-17th century - the work of the Świdnik masters,
- an impressive pulpit with rich sculptural decorations,
- and most of all, extraordinary stalls - an outstanding work of woodcarving built over 150 years, unmatched in Silesia.
- Piast mausoleum from the 13th century
- statue of the Holy Trinity, from the 18th century
- monastery, early baroque from 1682-85
- monastery church of the parish pw. Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. John the Baptist, early Gothic from the years 1230-1270, first half of the 14th century, end of 17th century, 18th century Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and John the Baptist was built in stages from 1241. The current interior design dates from the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries and is rich in valuable works of art. Particularly noteworthy are:
Several rooms are a showcase of the monastery.
- The Oak Hall, in which a faithful copy of the Book of Henryków is displayed - formerly the Great Dining Room of the Weimar Dukes, with richly inlaid parquet and unique paneling decorated with plant and fruit garlands.
- The Purple Room with purple walls and furniture upholstery, a marble fireplace, a vault depicting a globe with the new city of Jerusalem and six canvases from the Willman school depicting the founders of the abbey is intended to receive distinguished guests.
- Refectory (monastery dining room) with a decorative multicolored rococo stove (each tile painted by hand), eighteenth-century oak benches and the herbarium of the von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach family and the Oranien-Nassau family.
- western outbuilding, from the end of the 17th century, 1730
- stables - northern outbuilding, end of the 17th century, 1730
- coach house, from the first half 17th century, 19th century / 20th century
- hospital - infirmary, from the end of the 17th century, the second half of the 19th century
- former Latin school, from 1730
- building of the Lower Gate, from 1680
- gatehouse, from the 17th / 18th century
- Upper Gate building, from 1701
- house of the domestics, from 1588
- fragment of the fortification, from the third quarter of the 16th century
- abbey garden complex:
- garden pavilion, from 1720-27
- orangery, from 1727
- monastery wall - a garden fence, made of brick with garden gates, from around 1730.
- gardener's house, circa 1730
- landscaped park in the English style, from the 19th century
- granary, ul. Henry the Bearded, from 1723-24
There is a baroque park around the building, which is worth seeing:
- Abbot's gazebo - the former summer dining room of the abbots, and
- A hermitage - formerly a fisherman's apartment.
Tourism
Parking. You can easily find a free parking space near the Cistercian complex.
Around the abbey, there is a landscape park with natural educational paths, the purpose of which is to familiarize tourists with the species of plants and trees characteristic of this place. A walk in the park gives you the opportunity to rest in peace and quiet in the bosom of nature.
It is also worth visiting the zoo, where you can see ostriches, wild boars, fallow deer, horses, donkeys, goats and poultry.
Also a great place for a family walk.
Tourist routes run through Henryków:
- blue trail Ząbkowice Śląskie - Bobolice - Cierniowa Kopa - Zameczny Potok - Muszkowicki Beech Forest - Muszkowice - Henryków - Raczyce - Witostowice - Nowolesie - Nowoleska Kopa - Kalinka - News - Dzierzkowa - Przeworno - Krzywina - Garnczarek - Crossing Under the Oak (Three Oaks) - The White Church.
- green trail Henryków - Skalice - Skalice Rocks - Crossing over Zuzanka -Bożnowice - Ostrężna - Miłocice - Gromnik - Jegłowa - Żeleźnik - Wawrzyszów - Grodkow according to the information on the PTTK Strzelin website.
- A tourist attraction is the forest complex of the Niemczańsko-Strzelińskie Hills, which is an area of protected landscape.
- The forest complex in Henryków has a special character, which includes a historic garden and a monastery park with a very rich tree stand.
Gastronomy
Pizzeria "Anna" Pl. Cistercian 2
The official website of the village of Henryków http://www.henrykow.ziebice.pl/
Useful websites:http://www.henrykow.euhttp://www.szlakcysterski.org
The bot removed information about very important articles in wikipedia: Cistercian Abbey in Henryków and Book of Henryków.