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Introduction
Mali or Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (in French, Republic of Mali), is a country in the northwest of Africa, in the area of Sahel. It is bordered to the west by Senegal Y Mauritania, north with Algeria, east with Niger, to the south with Burkina faso Y Ivory Coast and southwest with Guinea.
Understand
The territory of Mali is very extensive and quite varied. It is crossed from west to east by the Niger River, which passes through the capital Bamako and the outskirts of Timbuktu (7 kilometers away). In the westernmost part of the country is the Senegal River, which will later serve as the natural border between Mauritania and Senegal.
The north of the country; bounded by the border with Mauritania, the Niger River, the border with Algeria and the border with Niger; it is dominated by the Sahara desert. The main cities in northern Mali are Timbuktu, Djené and Gao.
In the south-central part of the country, near the border with Burkina Faso is the Dogon Cliff, one of the main tourist centers of the country.
Between Bamako and the border with Guinea are the Mandinga Mountains. Further west, near the Senegalese border, there are also some mountains and there is the Kayes region.
The rest of the country is quite flat. It should be noted that the land is more fertile the further south we go, one of the richest regions in terms of land is the one that borders the Ivory Coast.
Regions
The regions, circles and their inhabitants are as follows:
Gao [edit]
* Ansongo (85 847 inhabitants) * Bourem (78 925) * Gao (145 633) * Menaka (25 571)
Kayes [edit]
* Bafoulabé (176 555 inhabitants) * Diema (140 107) * Kayes (350 082) * Kenieba (165 567) * Kita (278 111) * Nioro de Sahel (253 984) * Yelimané (141 693)
Kidal [edit]
* Abeibara (7331 inhabitants) * Kidal (16 923) * Tessalit (5857) * Tin-Essako (935)
Kulikoró [edit]
* Banamba (149 965 inhabitants) * Dioila (341 400) * Kati (458 333) * Kolokani (196 644) * Kulikoró (144 006) * Nara (190 284)
Mopti [edit]
* Bandiagara (213 348 inhabitants) * Bankass (184 021) * Djenne (160 591) * Duentza (152 185) * Koro (263 788) * Mopti (232 735) * Tenenku (142 806) * Yuwaru (77 699)
According to [edit]
* Barueli (160 673 inhabitants) * Bla (247 609) * Macina (195 463) * Niono (203 353) * San (229 607) * Segú (477 457) * Tominian (164 587)
Sikasso [edit]
* Buguni (272 522 inhabitants) * Kadiolo (138 156) * Kolondieba (132 718) * Kutiala (355 189) * Sikasso (431 936) * Yanfolila (157 132) * Yorosso (123 119)
Timbuktu [edit]
* I will say (76 033 inhabitants) * Gundam (122 772) * Gurma-Rharus (56 784) * Niafunké (135 006) * Timbuktu (76 766)
Bamako district [edit]
* Bamako (838 315 inhabitants)
Cities
- Bamako: Capital of the country, the "cayman pond", as its name says in ancient Bambara, has been a city in constant expansion for about ten years. Outlying neighborhoods are being added to the city, gradually transforming it into a large capital.
- Mopti: The "Venice of Mali" is a city of adobe houses and living rooftops at the point where the Bani and Niger rivers meet.
- According to: Almost obligatory crossing point when crossing Mali in one way or another. Segú, the ancient capital of the Bámbara kingdom, known as the city of the balanzans, immense trees under which people sit and chat over tea.
- Sikasso: Green and fertile city of southern Mali
- Timbuktu: Former cultural capital of the Songhay empire. The mythical city of 333 saints and the goal of so many travelers in history.
- Gao: The former political and military capital of the Songhay empire benefits from the desert gates of the mighty Niger River and the bridge built in 2006 after five decades of waiting.
- Bandiagara: The gateway to the Dogon country, which has become an obligatory stop for tourists of all kinds and therefore for people who make a living from it.
- Kayes: Capital of the country Sarakolé, near the border with Senegal. City of emigration, more developed than others of its size thanks to the large contributions of the exiles who finance its growth.
- Sévaré: A road city, an obligatory stop in the middle of the Bamako-Gao route, and at the same time a connection with Mopti and Timbuktu, on the one hand, and with the Dogon country on the other.
Other destinations
- Djenné: ancient Malian city, made entirely of adobe. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and exhibits the largest mosque in the world made entirely of adobe (mud). After the rainy season, the entire community collaborates in restoring the walls of this impressive construction.
The entire city, seen from some roof, presents an intriguing landscape with its smooth curved lines, and its melancholic color.
Unfortunately, non-Muslims are not allowed to enter the mosque. That ban, apparently, was the result of a photo shoot by a fashion magazine that was branded by locals as "pornographic."
- Adrar des Ifoghas- A sandstone plateau in the Sahara that is home to cave paintings, salt mines operated for centuries, and a surprising array of wildlife.
- Dogon Country: no visitor to Mali should miss a hike through this landscape of scattered cliffside villages. The famous Bandiagara Escarpment is a World Heritage Site
Understand
The Republic of Sudan and Senegal became independent from France on September 22, 1960 as the Federation of Mali. Senegal withdrew after only a few months, and the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. The country was then governed by dictatorships until 1991. In 1992 the first democratic presidential elections in the country were held.
Just under half of the population is under 15 years of age. The vast majority of Malians are Muslims, some also practice indigenous beliefs, and a small number are Christians. About 10% of the population is nomadic. Most Malians work in agriculture and fishing.
History
Mali was once part of three famous West African empires that controlled the trans-Saharan trade in gold, salt, slaves, and other precious goods. These Sahelian kingdoms did not have rigid geopolitical borders or rigid ethnic identities. The first of these empires was the Empire of Ghana, which spread throughout West Africa from the 8th century to 1078.
Later, the Mali Empire was formed on the upper Niger and reached the peak of power in the 14th century. Under the Mali Empire, the ancient cities of Djenné and Timbuktu were centers of Islamic learning and commerce. Mansa Musa, who ruled in the early 14th century, is considered the richest person in history ($ 400 billion adjusted for inflation!) Due to the Malian Empire's gold and salt production. He used this wealth to build some of the impressive mosques that are still found throughout the country. The empire then declined and was replaced by the Songhai Empire. The Songhai people originated in present-day northwestern Nigeria. In the late 14th century, the Songhai gradually became independent from the Mali Empire and expanded until eventual collapse due in large part to a Moroccan invasion in 1591. The fall of the Empire Songhai marked the end of the region's role as a commercial crossroads. After the establishment of maritime routes by the European powers, the trans-Saharan trade routes lost importance.
In the colonial era, Mali fell under the control of the French starting in the late 19th century. By 1905, most of the area was under firm French control as part of the French Sudan. In early 1959, Mali (then the Sudanese Republic) and Senegal united to become the Federation of Mali and gained independence from France on June 20, 1960. Senegal withdrew from the federation in August 1960, allowing The Sudanese Republic formed the independent nation of Mali on September 22, 1960.
Weather
The country's climate ranges from tropical savanna (trees and grass, with a density of trees increasing as one travels south) in the south to an arid desert in the north, with the sahel in between. Much of the country receives negligible rainfall; droughts are frequent. From late May or early June (depending on how north you are) until mid to late October or early November is the rainy season. During this time, flooding of the Niger River is common, creating the Niger's inner delta. After the rainy season there is a cooler period when many plants are still green; This is from the beginning of November to the beginning of February. From mid-February until the rains begin in May or June is the hot and dry period, with daytime temperatures peaking in March and April. This time of year is hot and extremely dry.
People
Mali is made up of diverse sub-Saharan ethnic groups that share similar historical, cultural and religious traditions. Various Mandé ethnic groups (for example, Bambara, Khassonké, Mandinka and Soninké) make up more than half of Mali's population. Other important ethnic groups include the Fula, Tuaregs, and Moors, known as the Azawagh Arabs.
Holidays
- New Year's Day (January 1)
- Army's day (January 20)
- Martyrs Day (March 26th)
- Easter monday
- Eid al Fitr (Islamic religious observance)
- Independence Day (September 22)
- Christmas day (December 25th)
To get
Visas are not required for citizens of Algeria, Andorra, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Macao, Mauritania, Monaco, Morocco, Niger , Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo and Tunisia. For all other countries, a visa must be obtained prior to arrival to enter Mali. An invitation (copy of hotel reservations or company letter explaining the purpose of the trip) is required to obtain the visa. For US citizens, the fee is USD 131 regardless of the length of stay (up to 5 years). For other citizens, a visa costs: USD 80 (3 months, single entry), USD 110 (3 months, multiple entry), USD 200 (6 months, multiple entry), USD 370 (1 year, multiple entry).
- At the Malian Embassy in Dakar, Senegal, a 30-day visa costs 25,000 CFA (2018).
By plane
Air France flies daily nonstop from Paris Charles de Gaulle to Bamako (and back). Royal Air Maroc is slightly cheaper than Air France and has daily flights from Europe and New York via Casablanca in Morocco. There are also smaller companies, such as Point Afrique, that fly cheaply to and from Mali in the peak tourist season. Air France and RAM arrive and depart in the middle of the night, so even if you're planning a budget trip, it may be worth spending the first night on a good hotel where you can make actual reservations and maybe even have you picked up from the airport. . TAP Portugal also flies daily from Lisbon.
Many African and Pan-African airlines fly to Mali, for example: Ethiopian Airlines, Air Mauritania, Tunisair, Air Afriqiya and many others. Some of these airlines also have function connections to Mopti.
The airport is about a 20-minute drive from the center of Bamako. There are fixed rates for taxis to different parts of the city - to find them, cross the street in front of the airport and go to the far right of the kiosk block. You will see a group of taxi drivers and a board with prices. As of August 2007, the price was 7,500 CFA francs.
However, if you know the local language well enough, you may be able to negotiate the official price up to 4,000 CFA or even 3,000 CFA, especially if you arrive during the day. However, be sure to board an official taxi (see the Keep Safe section below). There is even a well hidden restaurant: follow the exit road past the barrier, and it is on the right, surrounded by trees, about 50m from the terminal building. They are very friendly and serve basic but filling and tasty sandwiches. To get back to the airport from Bamako, try to bargain hard and you may get a significantly cheaper fare than the rates set for the airport to Bamako.
If you are flying with Royal Air Maroc, please note that Casablanca airport is known for opening checked bags and removing valuables. Also luggage can be late.
As is common with many other airports, there will be people who will try to push you into unauthorized taxis and exchange money, and some may even enter the airport terminal. Avoid them.
Boat
Mali has two large rivers that are navigable for at least part of the year, both crossing into neighboring countries, although only the Niger has much in the way of canoes.
- The Senegal river it crosses into Mali from Guinea in the south and follows a northwesterly course towards Senegal.
- The Niger crosses, appropriately, Niger. Large ships are only active from August to November and do not continue beyond the border, but small canoes They ply regularly between Gao and Niamey with many stops along the way.
By car
| Of Europe From Europe you have to cross the Straits of Gibraltar, Morocco, Western Sahara and Mauritania. There are no more problems to cross Western Sahara on the coastal road. However, you will need to have your car and passport information ready to hand over to the various checkpoints. Now there are paved roads from Europe to Bamako and to Gao (except for the 3 km on the border between Western Sahara and Mauritania). |
There are several ways to get to Mali by car.
The most popular routes are Senegal (especially since the Dakar-Bamako trains stopped) and Burkina Faso. The road from Gao to Niamey has been paved and a bridge is being built in Gao so that the entire journey from Niamey to Bamako can be completed on paved (if not remote) roads.
There are also decent land crossings from Mauritania (paved) and Guinea. The Côte d'Ivoire crossing leads to a rebel-controlled region of northern Côte d'Ivoire and, while quite safe, will lead you through countless barricades and "officials" demanding bribes; If you are traveling to the south of Ivory Coast, you are better off traveling through Burkina Faso and Ghana.
There is a remote desert crossing with Algeria near Tessalit, but it is dangerous (prone to banditry and used for smuggling) and remote. May be closed to tourists; even if not, the Algerian side is dangerous (banditry and extremists from Al Qaeda!) and requires a military escort.
By bus
Mali can be reached by bus directly from a variety of African cities. These include, but are not limited to, Dakar, Ouagadougou, Abidjan, Niamey, and Accra.
There is public transport almost from Europe to Mali, be it buses or taxis. The only exception is from Dakhla, Western Sahara, to Noudhibou, Mauritania, where you can easily get a ride with a Mauritanian merchant.
By train
The only railway line, between Bamako and Dakar, has not been in operation since the summer of 2009. For more information.
Travel
By plane
It is possible to travel through Mali by plane, as numerous companies have sprung up. It is possible to fly (usually from Bamako) to cities such as: Mopti, Timbuktu, Kayes, Yelimané, Gao, Kidal, Sadiola and others.
The planes are generally Czech turboprops (LET-410) and small Russian planes (Yakovlev YAK-40). Traveling by plane in Mali is fast but, compared to a bus trip, expensive. It's not foolproof though - you're often at the mercy of the carrier, who may choose not to fly on any given day if too few passengers show up. You can usually get tickets at the airport before flights, however the best option is to book a ticket in advance.
Société Transport Aerienne (STA) and Société Avion Express (SAE) are the two most popular and reliable carriers.
Boat
It is possible to travel around Mali by boat, however this is very seasonal. The most common option, only really possible in the rainy season, is a barge to / from Timbuktu. There are also very small boats, "pirogues" in French, that can be rented almost anywhere; they are basically big canoes. When the large boats are not in operation, you can still rent a pinnace (like a large motorized canoe). Or use one of the public pinases. These will work for another 3 months or so before the water levels are too low for them too. You can navigate the river from near Bamako to Gao, although the level drops most rapidly in the part between Bamako and Mopti.
By car
A good option for a larger group or travelers who value convenience over economy is to rent a private car. A 4x4 is highly recommended if you are leaving the main roads (this includes the trip to Timbuktu). There are very few paved roads and all are single carriageways outside the cities, although most are in good condition. One drives to the north of the country (Bamako, Segou, San, Mopti, Gao), another forks after Segou to cross the Niger at the Markala dam and reaches Niono, while another goes from Bamako to Sikasso and then to Costa Ivory. There are individuals who rent their 4x4 cars for a ride (in which case make sure you have insurance and a pass cardand lots of gas), but generally renting a car means renting a car and a driver. This is highly recommended as Mali's roads and drivers can be unpredictable and vehicles unreliable (the driver better find out what that loud rattle is or why the engine started to smoke!).
Traveling within Bamako can be difficult for both the business traveler and the leisure tourist. One of the best options is to rent a car with a driver. This can be done on a daily basis and is a great help for someone who is new to town. When trying to visit many places in one day, it is difficult to trust the local taxi system. The driver is a local resident and will know most of the names of the places you need to go. Finding a parking spot is no problem, as the chauffeur can wait for you while servicing the business in question.
For the tourist, this option can be your solution to know the city of Bamako without worries. Out-of-town trips are also available, although the fare may be somewhat higher than in-city fares. Gas is an additional cost to the tenant. A distinguished man by the name of Aldiouma (pronounced al-Jew-ma) Togo runs an elegant operation and is open to negotiating rates. Typically around 25,000-30,000 CFA per day for in-city use. A little less than double that rate for trips out of town. Your information: Aldiouma Togo: Cell: 223 642-6500 Home: 223 222-1624 [email protected]
By bus
The main cities along the paved road to the north are connected by bus (Bamako, Segou, San, Mopti, Gao). A separate paved circuit runs through the south (Bamako, Bougouni, Sikasso, Koutiala, Segou) There are many different companies with different schedules but they all have more or less the same prices. Normally, a trip to Mopti (600 km, half of the way), lasts approximately nine hours; a trip to Gao at least 12. However, all times are very difficult and few bus companies will give you an estimated time of arrival, as different drivers drive at different speeds and it is not unlikely that the bus will break down and require a repair or shutdowns. to help another bus. It is usually possible to make a reservation several days in advance, which is recommended during the tourist season, although you rarely have a problem with showing up 30 to 60 minutes before the bus departs.
Bus companies:
- Bittar transport
By train
Rail services in Mali are limited to one train two or three times a week between Bamako and Kayes.
Talk
French is the official language, but 80% of the population speaks Bambara (or Bamanakan in the language itself), along with many other African languages (Peulh / Fula, Dogon, and Tamashek, the language of the Tuareg people). Few people speak French outside of the larger cities, and even Bambara becomes rare in some regions. Very few people speak English. A Songhai phrasebook is available from the French Wikivoyage project.
To buy
Money
| CFA Franc Exchange Rates As of January 2020:
Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available on XE.com |
The country's currency is Frank CFA of West Africa , called CFA (ISO currency code: XOF). It is also used by seven other West African countries. It is interchangeable on a par with the Central African CFA Franc (XAF), which is used by six countries. Both currencies are fixed at an exchange rate of 1 euro = 655,957 CFA francs.
The West African CFA franc will be renamed "eco" at the end of 2020. It would continue to be pegged to the euro.
Shopping
There are many handicrafts in Mali. Various ethnic groups have their own trademark masks. There are great musical instruments; bogolas blankets (a type of blanket); silver jewelry and leather goods. The Touareg people, in particular, produce attractive silver and leather goods, including jewelry, daggers, spears, swords, and boxes. Buying local music is also a good memory.
ATM machines
All ATMs in Ecobank in Mali they accept Mastercard Y Visa to withdraw cash. A list of locations is displayed on their website.
To eat
The most universal dish in Mali is rice with sauce, often peanut "tiga diga na", made from tomato / onion / oil or leaf / okra which is usually served with some fish or meat if purchased or prepared for the guests. "To", a gelatinous meal of corn or millet served with sauce, is another Malian classic, albeit more of a village meal than something most tourists would find. In the north, couscous is also quite common.
In the larger cities, you can find decent "western" restaurants, charging prices close to western ones. Bamako even has good Chinese, Vietnamese, Italian, Lebanese, and more. In smaller venues, the standard Malian restaurant serves chicken or beef with fries and / or salad, generally edible and affordable, but boring and not particularly Malian. The best places in the more touristy areas may also have some local specialties. The "street food" is much more fun (and super cheap): breakfast will consist of tortilla sandwiches, lunch is usually rice with a couple of sauces to choose from, and dinner features many options, such as beans, spaghetti cooked in oil, and a little tomato. potatoes, fried rice, chicken, meatballs, veal kebabs, fish and salad. You can find small tables along the roads and near transportation hubs.
Snacks you can find for sale include cakes (especially at bus stations), various fried doughs (sweet or with hot sauce), peanuts, roasted corn if it's in season, sesame sticks, and frozen juices in plastic bags. Fresh fruit is widely available and always delicious. Some of the best are mangoes, papaya, watermelon, guavas, bananas, and oranges; the particular selection depends on the season.
Of course, as in any tropical underdeveloped country, foodborne illness is a major concern for the traveler. The main culprits of diarrhea are untreated water (especially in rural areas) and fruits and vegetables that have not been peeled or soaked in bleach water; Salads (even in fancy restaurants!) are likely to cause problems. Food, especially meat, must be cooked well; This is likely to be more of an issue with Western food in restaurants than Malian foods that typically cook for hours. Drink bottled water and consult a doctor about the possibility of take an antibiotic like cipro to treat diarrhea that is severe or does not improve within a couple of days.
Drink and go out
Treat tap water with suspicion. It is often so chlorinated that one suspects that few insects could survive in it. But short-term visitors will be safer with bottled water. There are several cheap local brands, but keep in mind that they are only drunk by foreigners and wealthy Malians - don't rely on finding bottled water in shops frequented by "ordinary" Malians. Soft drinks like Coca-Cola or Fanta are more widely available and safe. Street vendors sell water and homemade ginger and berry drinks in small plastic bags. They are often frozen, which makes them very refreshing in the heat. Generally, you shouldn't drink them without treating them first.
However, one called "bissap" in French and "dabileni" ("red hybiscus") in Bambara, is made from hibiscus flowers that are boiled during preparation, so it is generally safe to drink. It is an especially delicious non-alcoholic drink that you should not miss. In Bamako, it is possible to buy treated water in small plastic bags in most neighborhood stores for 50 CFA; These are much cheaper and of course more environmentally friendly than bottles. The bags are marked with a brand; be careful not to confuse them with tap water that street vendors sell in unmarked plastic bags. Sweet milk and yogurt, which are normally clean because the bags are filled industrially, are also widely sold in this way. Fresh milk can also be bought in roadside buckets in some villages.
Sleep
| Due to the dramatic decrease in the number of tourists / visitors due to the conflict in the north, many hotels have closed across the country ... even the high-end ones. This includes some of the Mali hotels listed on the Wikivoyage pages. Since this is likely to be a temporary closure until the number of tourists recovers, the closed hotels have not been removed from the lists of hotels in Mali (on the city pages). When traveling to Mali, travelers should keep in mind that the hotel they plan to stay at may be closed and plan appropriately. (July 2012) |
There are several types of accommodation options of different prices and qualities. You will pay USD60-100 per night (and more) for what would be a decent to nice hotel by western standards. At the other end of the spectrum, you can pay around USD5-10 per night for a bed or mattress, usually with a mosquito net and sheets, in a room or on the ceiling. Such places usually have toilets and showers in a shared facility (think campground for camping with less equipment). All tourist areas have hotels or inns and many places will also have family houses. Sleeping on the rooftop terrace, if available, is not only the cheapest option, but it is also usually the coolest and gives you the pleasure of sleeping under the stars, which are incredibly bright outside of Bamako because there is so little Light pollution.
Learn
Mali has numerous musical instruments that it has to learn. In particular, it is a very popular place to learn to play various drums (bongo, djembe, ...)
Work
Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world. The average annual salary of the worker is approximately US $ 1,500. However, seasonal variations lead to regular temporary unemployment of agricultural workers.
Security
Mali is politically unstable and therefore misgovernment is spreading throughout the country. In June 2012, Mali was hit by a political crisis and a civil war, which has temporarily divided the country into two parts: the north is called "Azawad" and is controlled by a group of Islamist rebels, while the south is experiencing a military junta. Traveling to Timbuktu and Gao provinces is particular and extremely risky, and in July of the same year, Islamist rebel groups have ordered that all shrines are considered to involve idolatry as they will be destroyed. Travel advisers from the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom have reiterated to their citizens about the dangers of traveling to Mali this season.
The train between Bamako and Kayes is notorious for its robberies: if you take the train, you should proceed with extreme caution, carry a pocket flashlight, and carry your belongings with you and directly some valuables at all times.
You also have good luck meeting the police. They are generally quite concerned with direct traffic and fining people with the wrong documents, as you will fear them a bit, but always carry a copy of your passport and visa (and preferably the original if you want to make sure of it).
Just carrying a driver's license is not enough and you could be taken to the police station unless you bribe them on the way out. Notify that the police in Bamako often stop taxis, although this can be something avoidable as long as you do not exceed four passengers in the car and by taking “official” motorcycle taxis only and (those with only red plates: in Bamako, a car with white plates is not an official taxi even if it has the taxi sign on it, regardless of what the taxi driver will tell you).
The northeastern half of Mali (just all of the north and east of Mopti Province) is not safe for the trip, as the murky Al Qaeda alliance and Tuareg rebel groups have been targeting foreigners for kidnappings. Unfortunately, in late 2011, these kidnappings occurred in other parts of the country as well (including the capital), and the kidnapping of tourists by terrorists is a real concern.
Aunque la homosexualidad es legal en Mali, una investigación por el Proyecto de Actitudes Globales del Banco Ambrosiano en 2007 demostró que 98% De malís examinados creo que esa homosexualidad es una forma de vida que debería ser denegado - una tasa parecida a Kenia y Egipto. Los viajeros LGBT deberían tener cuidado con despliegues públicos de afecto.
Alguna inquietud política a partir de julio del 2020 resultar del vuelco de resultados de encuestas parlamentarias para 31 asientos por el Court Constitucional que resultó en candidatos de President Keita obtener fiestas reeligió; Ha habido protestas en la ciudad de Bamako.
Health
Vaccines
Aunque rara vez se aplica, es necesario que tenga una tarjeta de vacunación internacional que muestre la inmunización contra la fiebre amarilla. También se recomienda vacunarse contra la hepatitis A, la hepatitis B, la fiebre tifoidea y la meningitis. También puede considerar vacunarse contra la poliomielitis debido al brote de poliomielitis en el norte de Nigeria que se ha extendido por la región.
Malaria
Malí es muy endémico de paludismo, incluido el s. paludismo falciparum, la variedad más aguda. Todos los viajeros deben planear tomar una profilaxis contra la malaria durante su estadía en Malí (la mefloquina y Malarone son las más comunes). Las otras precauciones principales son usar repelente de insectos por las noches y dormir bajo un mosquitero en todos los hoteles, excepto en los lujosos, sellados y con aire acondicionado. Esto reducirá significativamente su exposición a la malaria, ya que los mosquitos que portan el parásito solo están activos durante la noche, pero usted querrá tomar estas precauciones incluso sin el riesgo de contraer la malaria, ¡simplemente para evitar estar cubierto de picaduras de mosquitos que pican! Casi nunca verá ni le molestarán los mosquitos durante el día.
Comida y agua
Se debe seguir la regla "cocinarlo, pelarlo o olvidarlo". Además, el agua solo debe beberse de botellas selladas o después de esterilizarla con utensilios químicos o para hervir. La comida es otro problema. A veces es difícil saber si está cocido lo suficiente. Además, para los occidentales, las especias inusuales son a veces la causa de enfermedad, especialmente diarrea. También espere pequeñas piedras o trozos de arena en la comida, especialmente el cuscús local (esto no significa que sea inseguro, ya que se ha cocinado por mucho tiempo y a fondo). Para el viajero, el principal peligro es la diarrea. Para la diarrea leve, debe asegurarse de descansar mucho, beber mucha agua limpia y comer alimentos blandos. Si la diarrea es intensa o dura varios días, prepárese para tomar antibióticos. Durante la enfermedad, el cuerpo perderá mucha agua y sal. Coca Cola (azúcar y agua) y palitos de pretzel (sal) están disponibles en todas partes y pueden ayudar con la recuperación. También hay polvos instantáneos que tienen la glucosa y las sales necesarias disponibles para comprar.
Respect
| Ramadan Ramadan is the ninth and holiest month in the Islamic calendar and lasts between 29 and 30 days. Los musulmanes ayunan todos los días durante su duración y la mayoría de los restaurantes permanecerán cerrados hasta los descansos al anochecer. Nothing (including water and cigarettes) is supposed to pass the lips from sunrise to sunset. Non-Muslims are exempt from this, but should still refrain from eating or drinking in public as this is considered very rude. Working hours are also reduced in the business world. The exact dates of Ramadan depend on local astronomical observations and may vary somewhat from country to country. Ramadan concludes with the festival of Eid al-Fitr, which can last several days, generally three in most countries.
Si planea viajar a Mali durante el Ramadán, considere leer Viajar durante el Ramadán. |
Saludar a la gente es muy importante. Deberías familiarizarte con los saludos en francés o, mejor, en bambara. Los vendedores deben ser tratados de manera adecuada, incluso cuando solo compra fruta o pan. Es muy importante mostrar un interés general en la otra persona, así que pregunte sobre la familia, el trabajo, los niños, etc. La respuesta es simple: "Ça va" (Está bien). ¡El interlocutor no debe responder de forma negativa!
Ejemplo:
- "Bonjour. Ça va?" (Buenos días. ¿Estás bien)?
- "¿Et votre famille?" (¿Y su familia?)
- "Et vos enfants?" (¿Y tus hijos?)
- "Et votre travail?" (¿Y tu trabajo?).
Keep in touch
Surroundings
external links
Wikipedia has an article on Mali.w:Malí
Wikimedia Commons houses multimedia content about Mali. Commons
