This article lists the practices listed in UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in Austria.
Understand
The country has six practices listed on the "representative list of intangible cultural heritage From UNESCO.
Two practices are included in the "register of best practices for safeguarding culture "And none on the"emergency backup list ».
Lists
Representative list
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2012 | social practices, rituals and festive events | Every four years the town of Imst, Austria, celebrates its Fasnacht Carnival on the Sunday before the start of Christian Lent. At the center of the party is the Schemenlaufen, a parade of masked and costumed dancers. The main figures are presented in pairs, a man with bells in the suit circling around the belt and the other wearing bells weighing up to 35 kg. Together, they perform a singular dance punctuated by jumps and curtsy, their bells producing a mixture of low and high sounds. In total, fifty-five couples parade in this way, while the other masked characters imitate their dance in slow motion. Still others keep order by patting or spraying spectators with water, while a young girl sprays a scented powder on the audience. Masked chimney sweeps climb up houses to show off their bravery, witches shout at the crowd, accompanied by a marching band playing dissonant tunes, and polar or brown bears demonstrate their strength. The carnival unites the entire population of Imst around a common goal: the organization of the Fasnacht according to a long tradition. The people of Imst, especially the women, learn the techniques of making Schemenlaufen costumes in school, while the local blacksmiths forge the bells. Everyone can try their hand at carving wooden masks and the knowledge of traditional crafts is usually passed on within the family or is taught in special classes. |  |
| 2 Classical Riding and the High School of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna | 2015 | oral traditions and expressions | Classical riding at the Spanish Riding School in Vienna is the traditional art and practice of breeding, breeding, training and riding Lipizzaner horses. Its varied social practices and culturally shaped ceremonies and rituals are based on the long-standing relationship between ranchers, grooms, artisans, riders and horses. The grooms are the first point of contact for the foals and impart basic knowledge of horse breeding to the students. The breeders look after the horses with affection and pair the stallions with the mares to meet the requirements of the School. Experienced riders and young students are responsible for the foals, resulting in a special relationship between rider and horse. The first few years of a beginner are spent learning horse care, proper maintenance and handling and use of equipment. Experienced riders pass their knowledge on to students, through mentoring. Women now have an important role in this traditionally male field, being equitably admitted to all positions. Veterinary surgeons look after the health of each horse, while saddlers, farriers, hatters, tailors and shoe makers are responsible for the production and maintenance of the equipment. Tradition gives the communities of the School a strong sense of identity and ensures the safeguarding of techniques and know-how in many areas related to horse breeding. |  |
| Falconry, a living human heritage Note Austria shares this practice withGermany, the'Saudi Arabia, the Belgium, the United Arab Emirates, the'Spain, the France, the Hungary, the'Italy, the Kazakhstan, the Morocco, the Mongolia, the Pakistan, the Portugal, the Qatar, the Syria, the South Korea and the Czechia. | 2016 | social practices, rituals and festive events | Falconry is the traditional activity of conserving and training falcons and other raptors to catch game in their natural environment. Originally used as a means of obtaining food, falconry is identified today with the spirit of camaraderie and sharing more than with subsistence. It is mainly found along migration routes and corridors and is practiced by amateurs and professionals of all ages, men and women. Falconers develop a strong relationship and spiritual bond with their birds; strong involvement is needed to breed, train, train and fly falcons. Falconry is passed down as a cultural tradition through means as varied as mentoring, learning within the family, or more formal training in clubs. In hot countries, falconers take their children to the desert and teach them how to control the bird and build a trusting relationship with it. While falconers come from very diverse origins, they share common values, traditions and practices, including bird training methods and how to care for them, the equipment used and the emotional bond between the falconer and the bird. Falconry is the bedrock of a wider cultural heritage, which includes traditional costumes, food, songs, music, poetry and dances, all customs nurtured by the communities and clubs that practice it. |  |
| Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, printing of reserves by the board and dyeing with indigo in Europe | 2018 | know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Blaudruck / Modrotisk / Kékfestés / Modrotlač, which literally translates to "reserve blue print" or "reserve blue dye", refers to the practice of applying a stain resistant paste to a fabric before applying it. top it off with indigo dye. The tough paste prevents dye from penetrating the design, allowing it to remain white or undyed after dyeing. To apply the designs to the fabric, practitioners use hand-crafted planks that sometimes date back 300 years, depicting regionally inspired, generic or Christian designs. The representation of local flora and fauna is closely linked to the local culture of the regions. Traditional indigo dyeing is not limited to printing: the textile chain also involves the preparation of raw materials, their spinning, weaving, finishing, printing and dyeing. Nowadays, the practice mainly concerns small family workshops run by the second to the seventh generation of printers. Each family workshop relies on the cooperation of various family members who participate in each stage of production regardless of their gender. Traditional knowledge is still based on journals (family property) dating back to the 19th century, and is transmitted through observation and practice. The actors have a strong emotional connection with their products and the element conveys a sense of pride linked to the long family tradition. |  |
| Avalanche danger management Note Austria shares this practice with Swiss. | 2018 | knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe | Managing the danger of avalanches has shaped the identity of alpine populations who face the threat avalanches pose each winter to residents, tourists, communications and other vital infrastructure. As the Alps are densely populated, the phenomenon of avalanches is a major concern and a collective responsibility of the communities. For centuries, inhabitants and mountain dwellers have developed local empirical knowledge, risk management and avoidance strategies as well as cultural practices to guard against the danger of avalanches. Today, modern tools such as measuring instruments and risk mapping complement traditional knowledge that holders continue to develop and adapt in the field. The element is rooted in the day-to-day culture of communities and underlines the importance of solidarity in times of crisis. Avalanche risk assessment requires a thorough knowledge of nature, especially terrain, snow, weather conditions and past avalanches. While this knowledge was previously transmitted orally, it is now the result of a dynamic process that combines empirical knowledge and practical experience: knowledge transfers take place from science to practice and from the field to research. Many training activities are offered, and those interested have access to a wide variety of information sources such as avalanche bulletins, media, cheat sheets, websites, manuals and exhibits. |  |
| Transhumance, seasonal movement of herds along migratory routes in the Mediterranean and the Alps | 2019 | Transhumance, the seasonal movement of cattle along migratory routes in the Mediterranean and the Alps, is a form of pastoralism. Every year in spring and autumn, thousands of animals are herded by herders, accompanied by their dogs and horses, along fixed routes, between two geographic and climatic regions, from dawn to dusk. In many cases, the families of the herders also move with the cattle. There are two main types of transhumance: horizontal transhumance, in the regions of plains or plateaus; and vertical transhumance typical of mountainous regions. Transhumance shapes the relationships between people, animals and ecosystems. It involves rituals and common social practices in the care and breeding of animals, the management of land, forests and water resources, and the management of natural hazards. Transhumant herdsmen have in-depth knowledge of the environment, ecological balance and climate change, as transhumance is one of the most efficient and sustainable methods of herding. They also have specific skills related to all kinds of crafts and food production. Festivities in spring and autumn mark the beginning and end of transhumance, when bearers share food, rituals and stories and introduce younger generations to the practice of the element. Chief herdsmen pass on their specific know-how to younger generations through daily activities, ensuring the viability of the practice. |  |
Register of Best Safeguarding Practices
| Convenient | Year | Domain | Description | Drawing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regional craft centers, a strategy to safeguard the cultural heritage of traditional crafts | 2016 | * know-how related to traditional craftsmanship * knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe | Werkraum Bregenzerwald, Hand.Werk.Haus Salzkammergut and Textiles Zentrum Haslach are three Austrian centers run by traditional local artisans who, over the past 15 years, have collaborated with international artists, educational institutions, craft companies and others organizations to safeguard their practices for future generations. These centers have organized many public activities to preserve handicrafts in areas such as carpentry, painting and textiles, which give communities a sense of identity and continuity. Led by associations, in cooperation with craft companies and educational and scientific institutions, they offer training in traditional techniques, for example introductory courses for primary school students, weekend or summer courses, apprenticeship programs and university courses. Local and international experts participate in these courses to transmit specialized knowledge and know-how in connection with the different practices. These craft centers also organize exhibitions and competitions to increase the visibility of traditional crafts and to attract designers and artists, local and international. They also serve as a bridge between art and industry and provide platforms for sharing ideas and experiences on the practice of traditional crafts and the development of cooperative networks. They also make it possible to create partnerships between the cultural, educational and economic sectors and thus help to strengthen efforts in the field of safeguarding. |  |
| Craft techniques and customary practices of cathedral workshops, or Bauhütten, in Europe, know-how, transmission, development of knowledge, innovation | 2020 | * Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe * Social practices, rituals and festive events * Know-how related to traditional craftsmanship | Operation in workshops, or Bauhüttenwesen, appeared in the Middle Ages on the construction sites of European cathedrals. Today as then, these workshops welcome different trades working in close collaboration. In German, the term Bauhüttenwesen refers on the one hand to the organization of a network of workshops involved in the construction or restoration of a building, and on the other hand to the workshop itself, as a workplace. Since the end of the Middle Ages, these workshops have formed a supra-regional network that extends beyond national borders. These workshops safeguard the traditional customs and rituals associated with different professions, as well as a wealth of knowledge passed down from generation to generation, both orally and in writing. Confronted with the progressive shortage of technical skills and the increasing mechanization associated with a policy of cost optimization, the workshops created or re-established in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have become institutions dedicated to preservation, transmission and development. traditional techniques and know-how. Their commitment to safeguarding and promoting living heritage, which is reflected in awareness-raising, information and communication measures and in close cooperation with actors from the political world, the Church, and monument conservation. , business and research, can be seen as an example to be adapted and implemented in other contexts around the world. The workshops, by their organization and their training system for in situ practice, can also serve as models for all types of buildings to be constructed and maintained. |  |
Emergency backup list
Austria does not have a practice on the emergency safeguard list.
