 Settlement remains of Antinoe, view to the southeast | ||
| Esch-Sheikh ʿIbada · الشيخ عبادة | ||
| Governorate | Minyā | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 7.155 (2006) | |
| height | 52 m | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Esch-Sheikh 'Ibada (also esch-Sheikh 'Abada, Arabic:الشيخ عبادة, al-Sheikh ʿIbada, the ancient Antinoe or. Antinooupolis (Greek: Ἀντινόου πόλις), Coptic: Ansena) is a village with about 7,000 inhabitants[1] in Middle Egypt in the governorate Minyā. The archaeological site is located northeast of today's village.
background
In addition to the place names mentioned, there are others such as Adrianopolis and Besantinopolis or (Madinat) Ansina, Besa (Βῆσσα), Tisa, Atsa and Itsa.
The area has been inhabited since pre-dynastic times. Remnants of a cemetery from this time were found in the area of the Ramses ’II temple. The named temple, from which the courtyard and some columns have been preserved, comes from the New Kingdom.
The Roman city of Antinoe became emperor on October 30, 130 AD Hadrian founded - it was the only Roman city founded on Egyptian soil. It was founded in the place where his servant and favorite friend Antinous (* 110 in Bithynion, † 130) drowned in the Nile in the presence of Hadrian. The circumstances of his death are in the dark, on the one hand one speaks of an accident, on the other hand others see him as a suicide as a victim for Hadrian. The tomb of Antinous is in Rome.
The city was divided by two 16 m wide main streets. There are only a few remains of the buildings in which numerous Greeks lived. Columnades, a triumphal arch, a theater, a hippodrome, a public bath and the three-sided city wall were archaeologically proven.
This place also played an important role in Coptic times, usually under the name Ansena. On the one hand, it is reported that the Holy Family stopped. In his vicinity is the Well of the cloudthat opened up here to the wish of Jesus. Even today, this is one of the few freshwater springs on site. In the 3rd and 4th centuries this is one of the cruelest places of Christian persecution. By edict, under the Roman emperor Diocletian, any exercise of the Christian faith was forbidden. Thousands of Christians from all over Egypt who refused to renounce their faith were brought here to be tortured and killed.
The archaeological findings are based on the investigations of Edmé François Jomard, participant in the Napoleon expedition to Egypt, on the excavations of Albert Jean Gayet (excavations 1896 - 1912, uncovering the temple of Ramses II) and the Italian missions in the 1930s and 1960 years back.
getting there
You drive along the trunk road 2 from el-Minyā in the direction Mallawī to the south or from Mallawī to the north until you reach the junction to the city of er-Ruda (Balad) (Arabic:الروضة (بلد), ar-Rūḍa (balad)) at 1 27 ° 47 '38 "N.30 ° 50 ′ 37 ″ E reached. In the city you follow the junction to the east via el-Bayadiya (Arabic:البيضية, al-Bayaḍīya) to the car ferry (south bank: 2 27 ° 48 ′ 16 ″ N.30 ° 51 '35 "E, North bank 3 27 ° 48 '34 "N.30 ° 51 '22 "E. There is a second ferry about 200 m north, which alternates weekly with the first one. On the east bank one continues in an easterly direction to the vicinity of the desert edge, then in a south-easterly direction until one reaches Sheikh ʿIbāda.
mobility
The archaeological site can only be explored on foot.
Tourist Attractions
- The 1 Temple of Ramses ’II(27 ° 48 ′ 27 ″ N.30 ° 52 '23 "E) is the most important sight today. The temple in the west-east direction was entered in the west. The courtyard is still bordered by 15 columns today. Six columns or fragments of one columned hall have survived. There are further building fragments in the area of the temple. The inscriptions on 18 columns indicate that the temple was dedicated to the gods of Hermupolis and Heliopolis. The representations are similar: Ramses II sacrifices before a deity, which includes Thoth, Osiris, Khnum, Hathor, Isis, Re-Harachte, Atum, Ptah, Sokar, Maat, Mut, Sachmet, Nephthys and Chepri.
- From the ancient Antinoe settlement only sparse remains are visible today.
accommodation
Accommodation options exist in el-Minyā.
trips
Sheikh ʿIbāda’s visit can be compared to that of Deir Abū Ḥinnis and Deir el-Barschā connect. If you are traveling by car or taxi, you should return to the west bank. The apparently shorter route from Sheikh ʿIbāda to the east around the village past the village of Deir Ṣunbāt (دير صنبات) Turns out to be much more difficult because the slope is partly silted up and cars can get stuck in the sand. It seems better to use high-quality minibuses, small vans or similar.
literature
- : The exploration of the ruins of Antino and the découverte of the temple of Ramsès II. Enclos dans l'enceinte de la ville d’Hadrien. Paris: Leroux, 1897, Ann. Mus. Guimet; 26.3 (French). As a result, further excavation reports have appeared.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑Population according to the 2006 Egyptian census, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, accessed November 7, 2014.
