Bāṣūna - Bāṣūna

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Bāṣūna · ‏باصونة‎
PꜢ-swn · Ψῶνις ·Ⲡⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ
GovernorateSōhāg
Residents
8.974 (2006)
height
65 m
no tourist info on Wikidata: Add tourist information
location
Location map of Egypt
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Bāṣūna

Basuna, Arabic:باصونة‎, Bāṣūna, is a village in central egyptianGovernorateSōhāg between Sōhāg and Ṭahṭā on the western side of the Nils. The village gained fame because the local mosque, which was only completed in 2019, is the only mosque Egypt was nominated for the prestigious Abdullatif Al Fozan Prize for Mosque Architecture.

background

Plan of Bāṣūna

location

The village of Bāṣūna, formerly also Ibṣūna,إبصونةCalled, is located on the western side of the Nile, about 17 kilometers northwest of Sōhāg and 16 kilometers southeast of Ṭahṭā. In 2006, around 9,000 people lived in the rather poor village.

history

The name of non-Arab origin already indicates an earlier settlement, even if it has been forgotten by the population today.

The is from the ancient Egyptian period demotic (Late Ancient Egyptian) place name PꜢ-swn (Pa-sun) narrated. Here was one of the cemeteries of the Gaus von Panopolis, the ninth Upper Egyptian or Min-Gau, with the capital Panopolis, today's Achmīm. The finds include numerous demotic[1] and mummy labels inscribed in Greek. The mummy labels with Greek inscriptions, which are kept in the Berlin Egyptian Museum and the British Museum and the place as Psōnis, Ψῶνις, originate mainly from the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.[2]

In Byzantine-Coptic times the place was a. Psooun, Ⲡⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ, called. The Vita of Apa Pamin comes from this time, which reports that the saint comes from the place Psooun in the Gau Achmīm west of the Nile.[3] The monastery of Apa Psoi of Psōoun, the spiritual father of the, was also located in this place Schenute from Atripe (348–466), the Abbot of White Monastery. Apa Psoi also comes from Ibṣūna. The monastery of Apa Psoi has existed since the 4th century. However, remains of the monastery have not yet been discovered.

The first European traveler to briefly mention this place was the Dominican Johann Michael Wansleben (1635–1679), who passed this place on March 18, 1673 on the way from Ṭahṭā to the White Monastery and found ancient remains.[4] The British Egyptologist traveled in the first half of the 19th century John Gardner Wilkinson (1797–1875) went to Egypt several times. In his unpublished manuscripts he mentioned the discovery of decorated stone blocks on site, which show a king sacrificing to gods and come from Ptolemaic or Roman times, as well as an architrave with the cartouche of the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius.[5]

In the second half of the 19th century the place belonged to the Girgā governorate, Kreisahṭā district. In 1903, after a decision by the Egyptian Ministry of the Interior, it became the governorate Sōhāg newly formed, and the place has been part of the Sōhāg governorate and county since then.[6]

getting there

By train

Though west of the railway line Cairo–Aswan there is no stopping point on site.

By bus

Microbuses run e.g. B. ab Sōhāg.

In the street

The village can be reached on the western parallel road of the trunk road from Sōhāg to Ṭahṭā. The road runs immediately west of the railway line Cairo–Aswan along. At 1 26 ° 40 ′ 33 ″ N.31 ° 36 ′ 37 ″ E At the height of a canal bridge, one branches off to the west into the village.

mobility

Tourist Attractions

1  Āl-Abū-Stīt Mosque (‏مسجد آل أبو ستيت‎, Masǧid Āl Abū Stīt, Bāṣūna Mosque). Āl Abū Stīt Mosque in the media directory Wikimedia CommonsĀl Abū Stīt Mosque (Q61685729) in the Wikidata database.(26 ° 40 '24 "N.31 ° 36 ′ 15 ″ E)
The new mosque, built on the remains of a 70-year-old collapsed mosque in the middle of the village, was not completed until 2019. It was designed by the architect Walīd ʿArafa,وليد عرفة, From the office Dar Arafa Architecture, ‏دار عرفة للعمارة, Designed in 2015. The design clearly stands out from that of conventional mosques due to its uniqueness and creativity.
The main facade is to the north of the mosque, the sinuous square minaret to the south. The outer walls and the minaret are clad with sandstone slabs. The interior is covered with a flat ceiling that rests on four slender supports, in the center of which there is a dome that is open at the top and illuminates the room. The wall with the mihrab, the prayer niche, is covered with black marble, while the niche is decorated with the 99 names of God. Opposite the niche is the prayer room for the women on a gallery.
It was the only mosque in Egypt for the saudi arabian Abdullatif Al Fozan Prize for AFAMA mosque architecture,جائزة عبداللطيف الفوزان لعمارة المساجد, Nominated[7][8].

  • North facade of the Āl-Abū-Stīt Mosque

  • Mosque minaret

  • Central dome of the mosque

  • Mihrab of the mosque

shop

kitchen

There are restaurants in the nearby towns Sōhāg and Ṭahṭā.

accommodation

Accommodation is available in the nearby town Sōhāg.

health

Practical advice

trips

Excursions are after Sōhāg and Ṭahṭā as well as for Red Monastery and White Monastery possible.

literature

  • Timm, Stefan: Baṣūn. In:Christian Coptic Egypt in Arab times; Vol. 1: A - C. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1984, Supplements to the Tübingen Atlas of the Middle East: Series B, Geisteswissenschaften; 41.1, ISBN 978-3-88226-208-7 , Pp. 367-369.
  • Coquin, René-Georges: Pamin, Saint. In:Atiya, Aziz Suryal (Ed.): The Coptic Encyclopedia; Vol. 6: Muha - Pulp. new York: Macmillan, 1991, ISBN 978-0-02-897035-6 , P. 1878.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑Spiegelberg, Wilhelm: Egyptian and Greek proper names from mummy labels from the Roman Empire. Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1901, Demotic studies; 1, P. 71, no. 520.
  2. ↑E.g .: Krebs, Fritz: Greek mummy labels from Egypt. In:Journal of Egyptian Language and Classical Studies (ZÄS), ISSN0044-216X, Vol.32 (1894), Pp. 36–51, especially pp. 50 f., doi:10.1524 / zaes.1894.32.jg.36. No. 82, 83 and 85. – Gauthier, Henri: Notes geographiques sur le nome Panopolite. In:Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale (BIFAO), ISSN0255-0962, Vol.4 (1905), Pp. 39-101, in particular pp. 72 f. – Gauthier, Henri: Nouvelles notes geographiques sur le nome Panopolite. In:Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale (BIFAO), ISSN0255-0962, Vol.10 (1912), Pp. 89-130, in particular pp. 111 f.
  3. ↑Amélineau, Emile: Monuments pour servir à l’histoire de l’Egypte chrétienne aux IVe et Ve siècles; fasc. 2: Aux IVe, Ve, VIe et VIIe siècles: texte copte publié et traduit. Paris: Leroux, 1895, Pp. 737-741 (Vie de Pamin).
  4. ↑P [ère] Vansleb [Wansleben, Johann Michael]: Nouvélle Relation En forme de Iournal, D’Vn Voyage Fait En Egypte: En 1672. & 1673. Paris: Estienne Michallet, 1677, P. 371. He wrote: "Nous laissâmes ensuite à nostre gauche, celles d’une autre ancienne ville, appellée Ibsóne." — Vansleb, F [ather]: The present state of Egypt: or, A new relation of a late voyage into the kingdom, performed in the years 1672 and 1673. London: John Starkey, 1678, P. 223.
  5. ↑Porter, Bertha; Moss, Rosalind L. B.: Upper egypt: sites. In:Topographical bibliography of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic texts, statues, reliefs, and paintings; Vol.5. Oxford: Griffith Inst., Ashmolean Museum, 1937, ISBN 978-0-900416-83-5 , P. 5; PDF.
  6. ↑Ramzī, Muḥammad: al-Qāmūs al-ǧuġrāfī li-’l-bilād al-miṣrīya min ʿahd qudamāʾ al-miṣrīyīn ilā sanat 1945; Vol. 2, Book 4: Mudīrīyāt Asyūṭ wa-Ǧirǧā (title page wa-Ǧirḥā) wa-Qinā wa-Aswān wa-maṣlaḥat al-ḥudūd. Cairo: Maṭbaʿat Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīya, 1963, P. 124 f. (Numbers above).
  7. ↑Egyptian mosque nominated for world architecture award, Message on Daily News Egypt from February 08, 2019.
  8. ↑AFAMA Third Cycle Short Listed Mosques from January 28, 2019.
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