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| Nanjing | ||
| province | Jiangsu | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 6.320.000 (2016) | |
| height | 15 m | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Nanjing(Chinese: 南京 
, Southern capital) Located on the Yangtze, it is a sprawling metropolis in China. The legend Nanking is still very common internationally. Beginning in the 1920s, the urban area was enlarged by incorporations to a good 6600 km² today. A good 8½ million people lived here in 2019.
background
Nanking, the "southern capital," was already an important town in ancient China. known as Jīnlíng (金陵) or Jiāngníng (江寧). Nine dynasties and 45 emperors had their seat here, the highest boom was reached under the early Ming. After the imperial court moved to Beijing (“northern capital”), a number of subordinate imperial offices remained here. Also the Taiping rebels ruled here from 1850-64. Through the massacres of the time, especially during the reconquest supported by English troops, the city and region were largely depopulated. The imperial palace had deteriorated more and more in the centuries before. The first airfield was built on the site in the 1930s. In 1911 the number of residents was estimated at 267,000. The boom began as that KMT regime took its seat here from 1927-37. The government deserted the civilian population in frantic flight from the advancing Japanese. Atrocities occurred at the beginning of the occupation. The number of victims is just as controversial among historians as the number of dead at Air terror against Dresden in February 1945. After that, the was here with Japanese help Reorganized Government of the Republic of China Installed. The liberation by Mao's troops took place on April 23, 1946. The gigantic, outer one Nanjing City Wallswhich had thirteen goals was not canceled like in other cities in the 1960s.
The river port of Pukou (浦口) was opened to western foreigners after 1899. This was also the end point of the railway coming from the north. Until the first bridge was completed in 1968, a ferry was used to cross the river.
getting there
Since 2016, Nanking Airport has been one of the ones through which foreign transit passengers can enter for up to 144 hours without a visa, provided they do not leave the provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. For details see Entry requirements for China.
By plane
The transport links to Shanghai with its Giant airports is good. You can take the train directly to Terminal 2 in Shanghai-Hongqiao. An airport previously used by the military becomes Nanjing Ma'an International Airport rebuilt.
Expanded 2013-2020 so that the Airbus A380 can land here. There is also the new Terminal 2 (Terminal 1 will probably be closed for renovation until 2023.) There is no luggage storage, but free WiFi.- Traffic connections
The underground 2 Lukou International Airport station the S1 and S7 lines provide a direct connection to the Südbahnhof resp. Gaochun(高淳 区). Operation is from shortly after 6 a.m. to after 10.30 p.m. There are 8-16 trains per hour. The S7 ends in 3 Wuxiangshan.
Long-distance buses run several times a day, among other things Yixing (90 min.), Danyang (90 min.), Zhenjiang (90 min.), Yangzhong (2 hours.), Taizhou (2½ hours), Taixing (2½ hours), Wuxi (2 hours.).
The shuttle buses to the city center run every 45 minutes during the day. Endpoints are:
- Hexi Wanda Plaza (north side of the Wanda Hilton Hotel) via Südbahnhof and ZOB.
- Eastern forecourt of the main train station
- Südbahnhof (35 min .; 20 元)
Regular airport lines (20 元)
- Chéngdōng Line (城東 線) from 8:00 a.m .: Cuipingshan Hotel - Yuhua Square - Qinhongqiao - Qili St. (Airport Hotel) - Xihuamen - Nanjing Central Railway Station
- Chéngxī Line (城西 線) 8.15-21.05: South Railway Station - Zhonghu Gate - Shuixi Gate - Hanzhong Gate - Wanda Plaza
- Xiānlín University Line (仙林 大學 城), 8 per day, 30-35 元
Taxi prices are made up of the normal tariff, which is higher at rush hour 7.00-9.00 and 16.00-19.00, the toll and a fuel surcharge. Drivers must use meters and issue receipts. Under no circumstances should one get involved in negotiated prices. Example prices from / to the airport 2020: Südbahnhof (33 km) 100-120 元, Central Station (48 km) 153-184 元, Pukou (57 km) 185-223 元.
- Airport hotels
- There is a somewhat hidden capsule hotel in Terminal 2, which cost 元 260 in October 2018.
- 1 Pullman Hotel (南京 祿口機場 鉑 爾曼 大 酒店) (approx. 250 m from the exit of the terminal, on the left). Tel.: 862569836888. Fitness studio and swimming pool in floors 7-9 can also be used by non-guests (2018: 120 元).Price: 4 *.
- Ramada Nanjing
- Kongdu Hotel
By train
The Travel by train in China has changed completely with the introduction of high-speed trains since 2008. With the new express trains, which speed through the country at 250-350 kilometers per hour, you can quickly reach your destination. For example, the journey from Shanghai to Nanjing only takes less than 80 minutes (2nd class, depending on the type, 72-195 元, every 5-15 minutes). The 4 Südbahnhof(南京 南 站) was expanded for this. You can get to the train station with the metro lines 1, 3, S1 (airport), S3, S7. The city is located on the Beijing - Shanghai, Nanjing - Xi'an and Nanjing - Qidong (above Yangzhou, Taizhou, Hai'an) as well as at Shanghai, which is under construction until 2022/5 - Wuhan – Cheng you.
Most conventional trains, e.g. the Nanjing Tongling Railway, served the Central Station (南京 站; Metro 1 and 3). A new north station was opened at this time in 2014. The southern part of the huge train station has been under construction since 2019 and is scheduled for completion in 2021.
There are long-distance trains to: Beijing (4⨉ daily, travel time: 11-17 hours; 2019: 260 元 in a couchette car; high-speed trains 3½-4½ hours from 440 元), Cheng you (2⨉, 34-40 hours), Fuzhou (2⨉, 19 hours) Hangzhou (8⨉, 7-9 hours), Lianyungang (1⨉, 8 hours), Qufu (6⨉, 13 hours), Suzhou (15⨉, 3-4 hours), Shanghai (20⨉, 3-5 hours, 2019: from 46.5 元), Wuhu (4⨉, 3 hours), Wu⨉i (15⨉, 2-3 hours), Xi'an (2⨉, 17 hours), Xuzhou (5⨉, 5 hours), Zhenjiang (17⨉, 1 hour).
The 5 Zhōnghuámén regional train station(中華 門 火車站) It was called “Südbahnhof” from 1998-2011. It can be reached by Metro 1. It is on the Nanjing – Tongling route.
The 1 Westbahnhof has been shut down. From 2015, it was converted into a railway museum.
By bus
There are three large and nine small bus stations for long-distance buses:
- The biggest is 6 Zhongyang Gate Bus Terminal (南京 長途汽車 總站, Chángtú qìchē zǒngzhàn) (City buses: 1, 10, 13, 28, 15, 33, 35, 72, 73, 30, 8, 22, 54, 56, 25, 38, 303, 76). Tel.: 862585531288. Hangzhou (36 departures daily), Hefei, Huai'an, Lianyungang, Qingdao, Shanghai (20 departures, last 6 p.m., 3½-4 hours, 2019: 90-105 元), Suzhou, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Zhenjiang.
- Hanfu Jie Bus Station: Hangzhou, Huanh Shan, Ningbo, Wuhan, Wenzhou.
- 7 Eastern bus station (南京 東 站), 17 Huayuan Rd, Xuanwu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Tel.: 862585477435. Buses to Yangzhou, Yixing.
Tickets can also be obtained three days in advance at any other than the departure bus station at the counter. A 8 Booking office (南京 長途汽車 售票處) is in Zhonghua St. Buses cover 1020 km to Beijing in 13 hours. From Beijing there are 5 buses a day from Mu Xi Yuan and Zhao Gong Kou bus stations (2019: 200-350元).
In the street
By boat
There are public boat connections and cruises on the Yangtze.
mobility
There is a rechargeable prepaid card (25 元; Jinling tong), which brings a 5-20% discount depending on the means of transport.
Note with the metro the distinctions between the line numbers: ordinary and those with S. who continue to drive into the surrounding area. The S4 line provides a connection to the metro from Chuzhou here.
The city has a well developed Bus network, which is hopelessly overloaded at peak times. Most of the lines that only run on the north bank have numbers between 601-639. Night buses are numbered 801-823.
There are special tourist bus routes:
- Central Station - Zhōnghuámén - Xuwu Lake / Park - Drum Tower - Jiming Temple - Former Presidential Palace - Imperial Palace - Ocean World - Sun Yat-sen mausoleum
- Yu Hua Tai - Confucius Temple - Former Presidential Palace - Imperial Palace - Ocean World - Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum - Linggu Temple
- Hongshan Zoo (紅山 動物園) - Cijinshan Cable Car - Zhongshan Botanical Garden - Xiaoling Mausoleum (Imperial Tomb) - Ocean World - Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum - Linggu Temple
- Nanjing Port - Mochou Lake - Confucius Temple - Yu Hua Tai (雨花 台)
- Central Station - Houzai Gate - Nanjing University of Science and Technology - Xiaoling Mausoleum (Imperial Tomb) - Ming Culture Village
The Taxi prices In mid-2020, a basic charge of 2.4 元 (incl. 3 km) per kilometer was the same for simple vehicles, plus 1 元 fuel surcharge. For imported cars basic fee (incl. 1 km) and kilometer price 2.9 元. The prices are a little higher at rush hour. As everywhere in China, drivers of foreigners do not like to turn on the meter.
Although the Yangtze is now crossed by bridges and tunnels, there are still seven normal and three tourist ones in 2020 Ferry lines, commuting between 13 landing stages. Depending on the route, they cost 1–3 wobei, although the operating times are very different from 4.00 / 6.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m. / 10.30 p.m.
The tourist excursion boats charge 88 元 for the tour Zhongshan Pier(中山 碼頭) - Wumadu - Yanziji - Zhongshan Pier.
There are also small, open excursion boats on the Qinhuai River, which runs through the city. They leave from near the Confucius Temple (夫子廟 遊船 碼頭) and cost 60-80 to 元 150 (2020) depending on the route.
Tourist Attractions
For the tomb of the first Ming emperor, Sun Yat-sen mausoleum and hero memorial see the article: Nanjing / Purple Mountain
The iconoclastic Taiping destroyed many ancient temples in the 1850s.
- Confucius Temple. (夫子庙). The sprawling temple forms the center of the southern old town and is with its surroundings the Sight of the city with corresponding operation on weekends and holidays.
- 2 Jiangnan Exam Hall (江南 贡院, Jiāngnán Gòngyuàn) (Metro 1: Sanshanjie 三 山 街).
On the 30 hectare site there was space for up to 20,000 candidates who wanted to take the higher levels of the imperial official examination. They took place every three years. ("Jiangnan" is an old collective term for the provinces south of the Yangtze.).
- The 3 Palace of Heaven Worship (南京 朝天宫).(朝天宫), is considered the best preserved Confucius temple south of the Yangtze. Originally there was a Taoist complex here, which was destroyed. The current building was built between 1866 and 1870. Today the city museum is located here. Its ceramic and porcelain collection is one of the best that China has to offer.Open: Tue-Sun 9.00-18.00.Price: 25 元.
Palaces
- Imperial palace. From the Imperial Palace (明 故宫), only barely knee-high ruins and foundations are left. It was built during the Ming period.
- 4 Former presidential palace (南京 總統府, Nánjīng Zǒngtǒng fǔ), 292, Changjiang Road, Xuanwu (Metro 2 and 3: Daxinggong, also buses: 2, 3, 31, 68, 80, 313 or buses 9, 29, 44, 65, 95, 304, G5 to Zǒngtǒngfǔ).Old Ming Palace, in the 17th century. Newly built as the viceroy's residence, it now houses an exhibition on the history from the Manchu dynasty to the liberation in 1949. 11 halls on 9 hectares.Open: Tue-Sun 8.30am-6pm, winter 1 hour shorter.Price: 40 元.
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Buildings
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- Drum tower. (鼓) from 1382.
- 5 Bell pavilion (大 钟 亭).The bell pavilion (Dàzhōngtíng) was rebuilt in the 19th century after the previous building collapsed in the 17th century. The 23-ton bell dates from the early Ming Dynasty.
- Tower of the Lost Game of Chess (胜 棋 楼), in the park at Mochouhu Lake.The tower (胜 棋 楼) is located on the shores of Mochouhu Lake. Legend has it that the first Ming emperor and his general Xu Da played here. The tower is a new building from 1871.
- It is simply monumental Zhōnghuámén (中華 門) (Metro 1: Zhōnghuámén). In the 14th century as Jùbăo mén built city gate is the oldest preserved and largest in China. The KMT government officially spoke of the “Gate of China.” Mostly built of stone blocks with four passages, each of which can be closed by massive gates, the system measures 118 ⨉ 128 m, with the ramparts being 20-21 meters high.Open: 8 am-6pm.Price: 50 元.
Monuments
- Nanjing Massacre Memorial (Metro 2: Yunjin, Exit 2). (南京 大 屠杀 纪念館) with a small museum above. Unfortunately very one-sided anti-Japanese propaganda show.Open: Tue-Sun 8.30 a.m. - 4.30 p.m.Price: free.
- 6 Zǐjīn Tower (紫金 塔, Television tower), 118 Shitoucheng Rd. (Do you put your head up!). With viewing platform. The Provincial Museum of Technology and Sciences (江蘇 科技 館), which is aimed at young people, is located in the buildings on the Grund.
Museums
- 7 John Raven House (拉贝 故居).At the beginning of the Japanese occupation, John Rabe headed a committee that created a neutral zone for Chinese non-combatants. Hundreds of thousands found shelter here. Long forgotten, his life story was only available as a book John raven. The good German from Nanking published, which was then made into a film in 2009.
- 8 Nanjing Museum (南京 博物院, founded in 1933 as the National Central Museum) (Metro 2: Mingguu Gong Exit 1: 300 m; Buses 5, 34, 36, 55, 59 to Zhongshanmen).It contains antique bronzes, pottery and jade ware, ink painting, Ming and Qing porcelain and silk art. In addition to these outstanding works of art from the feudal era, there is also a section on the history of the Republic of China and folk art. If you are interested in East Asian art, a full day for the 12 halls will hardly be enough.Open: Tue-Sun 9 am-5pm, last entry 4pm; evening theater performances according to the program.
- 9 Sìfāng Museum of Modern Art (四方 當代 美術館, formerly “4Cube Museum of Contemporary Art”), 9 7th Rd, Pukou. Private gallery with 3000 m² of exhibition space and outdoor area.
- 10 Museum of the History of the "Heavenly Taiping Empire" (太平天國 歷史博物館, Tàipíngtiānguó lìshǐ bówùguǎn).In the grounds of the historic Zhan Park is the palace that the first Taiping leader made his residence. Pieces from the years 1851-64 are on display.
- 11 Folklore Museum in the residence of Gan Xi (甘 熙 故居, originally Yǒugōng táng 友恭 堂 "Hall of Brotherhood"), 15, 17 & 19, Zhongshan South Road (Metro 1: Sanshanjie 三 山 街).Aristocratic residence built around 1800. Paper cuts, clay teapots, make-up examples for opera costumes, etc. are shown.
Streets and squares
The car and railway bridge spanning the Yangtze was one of the largest bridges in Asia with a total length of 6,772 m. It was built between 1960 and 1968.
The main axis Zhongshan Donglu one has, named after Sun Yat-sen plowed across the city as a representative main street.
Parks
- 12 Black Dragon Lake (玄武湖).(玄武湖).
- Mochouhu Park. (莫愁湖 公园).
activities
The lantern festival takes place annually from 1-15. January in the quarter around the Fūzǐ Miào.
shop
Shopping streets are the ones in the city center Xinjiekou (underground station of the same name), in the north the Hunan Lu at the Xuanwu Gate, in the south die Taiping Nanlu and the area around the Confucius Temple. In there 1 Dashiba Jie Market (Fuzi-Miao Market) you sell pretty much anything in bulk and detail.
Electronics stores etc. are concentrated in the Zhujiang Lu, Accessible with buses W2, W6, W16, W25, W26, W28, W33, W30, W35, W38, W47, W52.
At the luxurious Jīnlíng Hotel, already in the direction of Purupurberg, is the Jīnlíng department store (金陵 百貨) with equally high prices.
kitchen
The province Jiangsu has her special kitchen. In the basement of the Qinhuai Food City At Fūzǐmiào West Square, not far from the Confucius Temple, there is a collection of restaurants that specialize in local specialties.
The “Shiziqiao Food Street” is in the middle of the Hunan Lu shopping street at the Xuanwu Gate in the north of the city wall.
Chinese tourists appreciate the green tea of the regional variety Yǔhuā (雨 花茶).
Local specialties are the "nankinger salt duck" (鹽水鴨) which takes on a characteristic yellow hue, as it is usually cooked with osmanthus flowers (Eng. "scented flowers"). A holiday dish is the chicken and turtle pot (霸王別姬, "Goodbye my beloved"), for which both animals simmer together. Dried tofu is cut into fine hairs and served cooked (煮 干絲). The "duck blood in rice noodle soup" (鴨血 粉絲 湯) is usually coagulated. Other ingredients are duck liver and intestines, coriander and shrimp. Pidu noodle soup is popular for breakfast (皮 肚 面), next to (handmade) noodle skin from the pork knuckle, separated from the fat, comes in.
Sweets are Zhangyuan beans (状元 豆). The color in the red dates and red steamed rice is said to bring good luck. Especially in autumn you eat something prepared with osmanthus taro(桂花 糖 芋 苗).
nightlife
- Visit a Kunqu-Opera, a form of Chinese opera developed in the region, which is part of the intangible world cultural heritage.
- Blue Sky Bar, Shanghai Rd. Tel.: 86 (0)25-86639197. Pleasant western style pub with good music, pool, live sports, darts, excellent food and nice service! Lots of foreigners, cheap prices.
- Nanjing 1912. An entertainment complex in renovated historic buildings behind the former presidential palace. (It is enough to show the number to the taxi driver). Large complex with several discos and bars ... from Chinese youth discos to blues bars to find everything. Lively from 10 p.m.
accommodation
Upscale
- 2 Parkview Hotel, 90 Cha Ha Er Rd, Nanjing. Tel.: 86 25-58802888. 4-5 stars, reasonably priced and excellent food.
- Beehive Hotel (“Honeycomb Hotel”), 8 Longgu Rd. Luxury hotel built into an old quarry consisting of two buildings with 12 and 20 floors respectively. Opened in 2019, one can argue about the style of the interior with a lot of gold imitation. The facade design is intended to imitate a beehive. A lion relief has been carved out of the rock face. Nearby is the "Pearl Spring Park" (珍珠泉 公園) which also includes the Harvard Golf Club.Open: Check-in: 2 p.m., check-out: 12 a.m.Price: doubles from € 250.
security
health
The German embassy has one for Shanghai, which can be reached quickly Doctor list compiled.
In the sprawling 2 People's Hospital(江蘇 省 人民 醫院) there is a department for foreigners with English speaking staff.
trips
- Wuhu (蕪湖), Prov. Ānhuī. The actual city center is the Jìnghúqū (镜湖 區) district. The place on the Yangtze is the starting point for pilgrimages to Jǐuhuáshān from the south (100 km). It is a good ninety kilometers from Nanking and 360 km from Shanghai.
Tangshan
In the town 1 Tāngshān(湯山 街道) there are hot springs. In the Jiangjieshi Hot Spring Villa (3 Wenquan Rd.) And several hotels of the better category you can enjoy such baths. The luxury hotel Easpring (8 Wenquan Rd., Tel. 34971425588) charges 240 元 from non-guests.
There are two karst caves to be visited nearby in the nature park. Here were bones of the Homo erectus found. Such a skull is exhibited in a cave. You can also see a presidential villa and that Ming culture village. You can reach the place with the tourist bus line 5. It is advisable to combine your stay with a visit to the Lóngchāng sì (see below).
- Kayumanis Nanjing Private Villa & Spa (南京 香樟 華 蘋 溫泉 度假 別墅), Meiquan Rd. Tel.: 862584107777. Price: from € 350 and there is still only hot water in the pool.
Baohuashan
The (寶 華山) is the only part of the province where mountains can be found. Its last branches run from Nanking eastwards on the south bank of the river, where they reach a height of just 650 meters. You can get here by train about thirty kilometers east of Nanking.
The temple is an important (pilgrimage) destination 13 Lóngchāng sì (隆昌 寺 until 1931 Huichü Ssu), whose name is often used synonymously with the mountain. The old rules of monastic life established here are considered to be the most conservative of Chinese Buddhism. In the interwar period people were progressive here. Not only were the monks given modern education, but foreigners were also ordained like Ignaz Trebitsch-Lincoln and Martin Steinke.
The temple itself is unusual because it is not laid out along a central axis, as is usual in China, but is built in the "shape of a lotus flower" with the important buildings in the center.
Qixiashan
A first temple was founded on the mountain in 464–483 by an official, Míngsēng Shào (明 僧 紹), disappointed in the world. The octagonal relic pagoda for him, nineteen meters high, comes from the Sui dynasty. It was redesigned under the southern Tang (937-75). The mountain is famous from time immemorial because of the 1000 Buddha caves (千佛崖 石窟). 700 statues can be found in 215 caves today. Devastated by the Taiping in 1855, rebuilding was completed in 1904. Restoration was carried out again in 1919-21. The Qiánlóng Garden (乾隆 禦花園) and a pavilion dedicated to the reformer Tàixū are also located on the mountain. Both the grottoes and the stupa are on the national list of monuments. Today, Chan and “pure land” are practiced. Because of its proximity to the city (20 km), the mountain is a popular excursion destination, especially in autumn, because of the color of the leaves.Open: 7.30am-5.30pm.Price: 25 元, Nov.-Dec. 40 元.literature
- Gong Liang; Nanjing Museum; London 2014; ISBN 9781857598636
- Hoffmann, Alfred; Hammer, Hedda [phot.]; Nanking; Shanghai 1945 (Noessler); [Illustrated book]
- Makino, Uwe; Nanking massacre 1937–38: Japanese war crimes between denial and oversubscription; Norderstedt 2007; ISBN 978-3-8370-0469-4
- Prip-Møller, Johannes; Buddhist temples in China; Norderstedt 2017; [Detailed descriptions of the temples mentioned, especially the Bǎohuá.]
- Till, Barry; In Search of Old Nanking; Hong Kong 1982; ISBN 9620401123
- Xu Huping; The treasures of the Nanjing Museum;ISBN 9628621513
Web links
- http://www.nanjing.gov.cn - Nanjing Official Website
- English site of the city administration (2021-03-16: last revision March 2014)
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