| New Mexico | |
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| location | |
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| Flag | |
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| Main information | |
| Capital city | Santa Fe |
| Currency | U.S. Dollar |
| Surface | 315 194 |
| Population | 2 088 070 (2017) |
| Tongue | English, Spanish |
| religion | Catholicism 34%, non-religionists 21%, Protestantism, Evangelicalism |
| Time zone | MDT |
| Time zone | MDT |
New Mexico - state in the southwest USA. To the west it borders with Arizona, from the north with Colorado, from the east with Oklahoma and Texas, from the south with Mexico.
Characteristic
"Enchanted land" (Land of Enchantment) known for its chili production, unique history, Manhattan design and diverse landscapes, it is one of the most distinguished US states. This is also due to the unique demographics: half of the population are Hispanic, mostly descended from a population that has been inhabited since Spanish times, and a tenth of Indians who have lived in these lands for thousands of years.
Geography
Upland-mountain region with the highest peaks exceeding 4,000 m a.s.l. The axis of the state is the Rio Grande flowing from the north to the south, close to which most of the state's inhabitants live and the main urban centers are located: Albuquerque, Santa Fe and Las Cruces. At altitudes above 2,500 m a.s.l. up to about 3800 m above sea level there are coniferous forests, and in the river valleys, deciduous forests that sparkle with intense yellow in autumn, giving a distinctive spectacle of colors. The eastern part of the state turns into the plains and also has a distinct cultural character, similar to Texas or Oklahoma, described by the inhabitants as "cowboy".
Bernalillo Catron Chaves Cibola Colfax Curry De Baca Doña Ana Eddy Grant Guadalupe Harding Hidalgo Lea Lincoln Los Alamos Luna McKinley Mora Otero Quay Rio Arriba Roosevelt Sandoval San Juan San Miguel Santa Fe Sierra Socorro Taos Torrance Union Valencia
Climate
Due to the topography, the climate of the state is varied, however, semi-arid varieties predominate. There are also desert, Mediterranean, and a whole range of mountain. In summer, high temperatures, sometimes exceeding 40 ° C, prevail at lower altitudes. In winter, however, frosts occur regularly.
History
The first people appeared in New Mexico several thousand years ago. In the second half of the eighth century, the indigenous Pueblo culture, known for its pottery and stone houses, began to develop. There are hundreds of archaeological sites in the state, especially in the northern part of the state, some under federal protection and even inscribed on the World Heritage List. 19 settlements are still inhabited. Although the cultural area also touched the neighboring states, today, apart from New Mexico, there are only two inhabited Pueblo settlements.
In the sixteenth century, the Spaniards reached New Mexico, who in 1598 founded the province of New Mexico, whose capital from 1610 was Santa Fe, which was part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Exploitation and at times aggressive Christianization led to an anti-Hispanic uprising in 1680 and the expulsion of the colonizers from most of the state, except El Paso (today on the border between Mexico and Texas). The Spaniards returned in 1692 showing greater tolerance. This has led to the integration of cultures and a relatively peaceful coexistence.
In 1821, Mexico gained independence and guaranteed civil rights to all residents. However, this changed after the Mexican-American War of 1846-48, when the United States took power over the region. The symbol of the new power was the massacre of the people in Taos and the deprivation of all rights and repression against the Indians, which was only lifted during the administration of President Nixon. Restrictions were also introduced for the local Spanish-speaking population. With the construction of the railroad in 1880, many Anglo-Saxons began to arrive in the territory, but it never lost its Latin-Indian character. In 1912, New Mexico (along with Arizona) became the 48th state of the United States. During World War II, major work on the Manhattan Project was taking place in New Mexico. The desolation of many parts of the region later resulted in the location of more laboratories and research institutes, hence today the state has the highest percentage of scientists in the entire country.
Policy
Due to the strong influence of Latin American, Indian and Catholic cultures, the state is traditionally considered "blue" (voting for Democrats in opposition to the mostly evangelical conservatives "red" republicans).
Economy
Government institutions (mainly scientific institutes and the military), tourism and oil and gas extraction have a strong influence on the economy.
Drive
By car
The state is well connected by highways with neighboring states and Mexico. The main axis is the highways: the north-south I-25 connects New Mexico's largest urban centers, while the I-40 (which replaced the famous Route 66) connects the region to the east and west of the country. In addition, I-10 runs through the south of the state, connecting the agglomerations of Arizona with southern Texas.
By plane
The most important airport is in Albuquerque. Smaller airports with passenger connections are found in Santa Fe, Roswell and Hobbs.
By ship
Cities
- Albuquerque - the largest city in the state, in the agglomeration of which is inhabited by 45% of the state's inhabitants. Founded in 1706, it has a historic center, numerous museums and parks. It is known for the world's largest balloon rally taking place in early October.
- Santa Fe - the state capital and the third largest city. Known for its historic center and well-developed cultural scene.
Interesting places
- 19 Pueblo settlements which Taos is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
- Los Alamos - a town founded for the purposes of the Manhattan project
- Bandelier National Monument - having numerous ruins of the Pueblo civilization and beautiful canyons
- Chimayó - famous for the production of chili and a Catholic sanctuary
- Ranchos de Taos - with the church of Saint Francis and the "mysterious image" glowing in the dark
- Very Large Array - one of the largest radio astronomy observatories in the world
- Carlsbad Caves
- Chaco Canyon - one of the most important ruins of the Pueblo Indian civilization
Transport
It is best to travel by car, but there is relatively developed (for the US) public transport.
Shopping
It is worth getting acquainted with Indian jewelry and textiles. The status symbols are red and green chili peppers - you can also get decorative bouquets (if you want to buy for cooking, be careful not to buy the decorative ones).
Gastronomy
A region known for chili peppers. The sharper one is usually green. Dishes close to Mexican cuisine with Indian influences, but you can meet dishes from all over the world. Santa Fe in particular is known for its food scene.
Accommodation
Security
Health
contact
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