| Monfalcone | ||
 | ||
| State | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Region | Friuli Venezia Giulia | |
| Territory | Venezia Giulia | |
| Altitude | 7 m a.s.l. | |
| Surface | 19.73 km² | |
| Inhabitants | 28.089 (June 2016) | |
| Name inhabitants | Monfalconesi | |
| Prefix tel | 39 0481 | |
| POSTAL CODE | 34074 | |
| Time zone | UTC 1 | |
| Patron | Our Lady of Health (21 November) | |
Position
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| Institutional website | ||
Monfalcone is a city of Friuli Venezia Giulia.
To know
Its seaport is the second most important after Trieste. The city is one of the main shipyards in the Mediterranean area.
Geographical notes
Third city of the Venezia Giulia by number of inhabitants, Monfalcone is located between the Karst and the Adriatic Sea, overlooking the northernmost point of the Mediterranean Sea a few kilometers from the Isonzo mouth. It is 31 km from Trieste, 27 from Degree, 23 from Gorizia, 18 from Aquileia, 12 from Gradisca d'Isonzo, 6 from Redipuglia.
Background
Its territory was the seat in pre-Roman times of several castellieri while in the late Republican era, thermal buildings (Insulae clarae) were built in the immediate vicinity of the current urban center. In the Middle Ages it belonged to the Ostrogoths, the Byzantines, to the Lombard Duchy of Friuli, the Franks, the Kingdom of Italy, the Holy Roman Empire and a Venice. Between 899 and 952 it suffered the raids of the Hungarians. In 967 the emperor Otto I donated Panzano and other places to the Patriarch of Aquileia which subsequently obtained (1077) from the emperor Henry IV also the feudal investiture of the area and of the whole FriuliBecause of the aims of the accounts of Gorizia and the lords of Duino the city was surrounded by walls within which the patriarchal palace, the town hall and the cathedral were built. The district of Monfalcone was represented in the Parliament of the Fatherland of Friuli, made up of noble clergy and communities, in which it occupied the seventh place among the latter. The patriarchs favored immigration to Monfalcone by granting land, in order to stimulate demographic growth in the area.
In 1420 the Republic of Venice invaded the Friuli and put an end to the temporal power of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. Monfalcone remained under the Serenissima from 1420 to 1797, despite some parentheses during which it was controlled by other states. In 1472, 1477 and 1499 the territory underwent three incursions by the Turks but the fortress and the walled city were not conquered. In 1511 it was occupied for a short time by the French in an anti-Venetian function. Taken back by the Venetians, in 1514 it was conquered by Emperor Maximilian I of Habsburg, who occupied the walled city and destroyed the fortress. In 1521, with the diet of Worms, the territory returned to Venice, who had the defensive structure rebuilt on the top of the mountain. With the construction of the fortress of Palmanova (1593) the territory of Monfalcone lost part of its primitive importance and was no longer strengthened. Between 1615 and 1617, during the war of Please between Venice and theAustria (also known as the Usocchi), the territory was sacked and burned, but the walled city was saved from the artillery of the fortress.
In 1751 the Patriarchate of Aquileia and the two archdioceses of Udine is Gorizia. The territory of Monfalcone was aggregated to Udine like all the Venetian part, while the Austrian one was assigned to Gorizia. In 1797 the French occupied the Monfalcone area. With the treaty of Campoformido a large part of the Republic of Venice was ceded to theAustria, but the French remained in Monfalcone until January 1798, committing numerous abuses. With the Peace of Presburgo of 1805 almost all of the lands that belonged to the Serenissima, including Monfalcone, theIstria and the Dalmatia, were ceded to the Kingdom of Italy. With the treaty of Fontainebleau of 1807 the new border between the Kingdom of Italy and the Austrian Empire was decided on the Isonzo river. Monfalcone thus became Austrian again even if the French reserved the right to cross it to reach theIstria. But from this moment, for the first time in history, Monfalcone was detached from the area of Aquileia-Udine-Cividale and became part of the Circle of Gorizia.
With the subsequent treaty of Schönbrunn of 1809 Monfalcone was united, together with the territories to the left of the Isonzo, to the newly constituted Illyrian Provinces placed under direct French control. In 1813 Austria reconquered the Illyrian Provinces and, with them, Monfalcone. Subsequently (1825) the district of Monfalcone (including the districts of Monastero, Monfalcone, Duino and Sesana) was definitively incorporated into the Princely County of Gorizia is Please and its fate followed (including the integration to the Austrian coast in 1849) until the First World War. On 9 June 1915 the city was taken by the Italian army, but following the battle of Caporetto (October 1917) returned to Austro-Hungarian hands for about a year. At the end of the conflict Monfalcone was reunited with Italy.
The city became known at the beginning of the twentieth century with the construction of the largest Italian shipyard (currently Fincantieri), founded in 1908 as Cantiere Navale Triestino by the Cosulich family (who moved to Monfalcone after the closure of the Trieste shipyards), where they are still built cruise ships and large tonnage ships. During the Second World War (from 1 October 1943) it was aggregated to the area of operation of the Austrian Littoral. It was bombed several times starting from 19 March 1944. In the area of Monfalcone the resistance struggle against the Nazis was organized, concentrated especially on the Karst. The city for 40 days was occupied by Tito's troops. From June 1945 to September 1947, being west of the so-called Morgan line, it was under allied military administration. With the entry into force of the treaty Paris on 15 September 1947 he returned to Italy for good.
How to orient yourself
Monfalcone: full screen map.Neighborhoods
The city of Monfalcone is divided into 5 districts: Aris-San Polo-Anconetta, Largo Isonzo-Crociera, Centro, Panzano and Romana-Solvay.
The town of Marina Julia, as already expressed, does not belong to the traditional 5 districts but constitutes an independent residential nucleus recognized by the municipal statute as a fraction.
How to get
By plane
- 1 Friuli-Venezia Giulia Airport, via Aquileia 60 (in Ronchi dei Legionari), ☎ 39 0481 773224. located about 5 km from the city center, and served by several airlines that connect it to numerous cities in Italy and Europe.
By car
A4 Serenissima motorway - exit:
A4 Serenissima motorway - exit:- West Monfalcone - Redipuglia
- Monfalcone East - Trieste Lisert
On the train
The Monfalcone station, located immediately before the San Polo junction, a fork between the lines Venice-Trieste is Udine-Trieste, serves the entire city of Monfalcone and the surrounding areas, being the stop of many regional and national trains.
The Monfalcone station, located immediately before the San Polo junction, a fork between the lines By bus
Bus lines operated by the APT company[1] Gorizia.
Bus lines operated by the APT companyHow to get around
By public transport
- Monfalcone is served by a dense network of urban buses and suburban couriers. All transports are managed by the APT company[2] Gorizia.
What see
- 1 Fortress of Monfalcone. Of medieval origin, however, it owes its current appearance to the profound renovations and extensions carried out by the Venetians in the first half of the 16th century. Inside there is the permanent speleological exhibition of the Museum of the Rocca di Monfalcone.
- Roman thermal baths. Built in Roman times and now reopened after years of neglect.
- 2 Great War Theme Park. Trenches and cavities that can be visited. ERMA QUOTA Monument 12, in memory of the fallen of the III Army (First World War); Monument in memory of the martyrs of the sinkholes and the exodus of the Italians from Istria, Fiume and Dalmatia; Karst area, with paths and castellieri
- 3 Cathedral of Sant'Ambrogio. The Cathedral was rebuilt between 1926 and 1929 in neo-Romanesque style, while the bell tower is from 1960. Next to the Cathedral you can see the remains of the medieval city walls, demolished in 1838 to follow the development of the city.
- In October 1940, Pope Pius XII elevated the church to the dignity of a minor basilica.
- Church of the Rosary.
- Sanctuary of the Beata Vergine Marcelliana.
- Church of San Nicolò.
- Church of San Polo.
- 4 Paleontological and Speleological Museum of the Rocca. The Rocca di Monfalcone museum is the culmination of the research and studies carried out by the "Gruppo Speleologico Monfalconese A.d.F." in speleological, geological, paleontological and historical fields over the years. The permanent speleological exhibition is located on the top of the Rocca hill; the museum's management and laboratories are instead located in the city, in via Valentinis 134. The “Gruppo Speleologico Monfalconese A.d.F.”, founded in 1948, mainly dealt with underground cavities; in the early years by recovering the bodies of soldiers and civilians thrown into the "sinkholes", then exploring and studying the natural cavities, which have more than 7000 caves in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. This has favored the establishment of the museum which is proposed as an educational guide to the knowledge of the causes and phenomena that generate karst, a characteristic aspect of the Julian region. The "Monfalconese Speleological Group A.d.F." it also deals with an intense dissemination activity in schools with interventions in their offices and guided visits to the most characteristic environments.
- Shipbuilding Museum, via del Mercato. Unique museum project in Italy specifically dedicated to shipbuilding.
Events and parties
- Carnival. The Monfalconese Carnival is an event full of events that begins almost 3 weeks before Shrove Tuesday, when the event reaches the "highlight", in particular with the ceremony of "La Cantada", which takes place at 12:00 in the square della Repubblica followed at 2:00 pm by the great parade of floats with about 3000 participants.
- La Cantada Laughing. Comic theatrical show in dialect of the Company "Quelli di Ridendo la Cantada", staged for over 20 years at the Teatro Comunale on Shrove Thursday and Friday.
- Celebrations of S. Antonio and "Wine and Fish Show". In the week that includes June 13 (S. Antonio), with exhibition and tasting of regional, Italian and foreign wines, food stalls, shows and concerts in the square.
- Absolute Poetry (International Poetry Shipyards).
in June. Poetry festival that has been taking place since 2006. - Caged monkeys - Festival of new urban languages. August September. Event that has taken place since 2002 to promote Hip-Hop culture, Balkan, electronic, rock and reggae music.
- CantaFestival de la Bisiacarìa. Dialect singing competition.
- Forest festival. On the occasion of the patronal feast of the Madonna della Salute on 21 November.
- San Nicolò Fair. on December 5.
in June. Poetry festival that has been taking place since 2006.What to do
- 1 Marina Julia. A locality in the municipality of Monfalcone, it overlooks the Gulf of Panzano, between the port of Monfalcone and the mouth of the Isonzo.
- Built in the 1960s, today it looks like a typical seaside resort full of accommodation facilities and shops. The beach, low and sandy like the whole coast of Monfalcone, has recently been revalued with the rearrangement of the beach and the embankment that connects it to the Lido di Panzano.
Shopping
How to have fun
Where to eat
Moderate prices
- 1 Al Gambero, Via Cave di Selz, 6, ☎ 39 0481 778294.
- 2 Pizzeria trattoria Al Giardino, Via Iº Maggio, 112, ☎ 39 0481 410669.
- 3 Osteria Alla Fortuna, Via Giuseppe Garibaldi, 19, ☎ 39 0481 412693.
- 4 Pizzeria El Merendero, Via Isonzo, 21, ☎ 39 0481 485012.
- 5 [link not working]The snack, Via Roma, 36, ☎ 39 0481 44138.
- 6 [link not working]The Vine, Via S. Vincenzo de Paoli, ☎ 39 0481 40558.
- 7 Neapolitan Pizzeria Restaurant, Via Giacomo Matteotti, 2, ☎ 39 0481 411742.
- 8 Fish & Chips, Via Agraria, 57, ☎ 39 389 1253127.
- 9 Al Gabbiano pizza restaurant, Viale S. Marco, 59, ☎ 39 0481 410093.
Where stay
Moderate prices
- 1 Hotel Alla Terrazza, Via Iº Maggio, 159/161, ☎ 39 0481 483002. 2 star hotel
Average prices
- 2 Al Gelso Hotel, Via S. Ambrogio, 22, ☎ 39 0481 411270.
High prices
- 3 [link not working]Lombardy hotels, Republic Square, 21, ☎ 39 0481 411275. Hotel 4 Stars
- 4 Europalace Hotel, Via Callisto Cosulich, 20, ☎ 39 0481 710709.
Safety
Pharmacy
- 2 To the Redeemer, Via IX June, 36, ☎ 39 0481 410340.
- 3 Central, Piazza Repubblica, 16, ☎ 39 0481 410341.
- 4 Municipal N. 1, Via Aquileia, 53.
- 5 Municipal N. 2, Via Manlio, 14 / A-B, ☎ 39 0481 480405.
- 6 Debiasis, Via Cosulich, 117.
- 7 S. Nicolò, Via I Maggio, 92, ☎ 39 0481-790338.
- 8 Sant 'Antonio, Via Romana, 93, ☎ 39 0481 40497.
- 9 Turkey, Via Enrico Toti, 52, ☎ 39 0481 410701.
How to keep in touch
Post office
- 10 Italian post, via Giuseppe Parini 12, ☎ 39 0481 495830.
- 11 Italian post (Monfalcone Office 1), via Callisto Cosulich 71, ☎ 39 0481 714811.
- 12 Italian post (Monfalcone Office 2), via Eugenio Valentinis 82, ☎ 39 0481 495511.
Around
- Aquileia - It was an important Roman city; its excavation area of that era is certainly unique in the regional context for importance, quality and quantity of evidence, and is rightfully placed among the archaeological destinations of great national importance. It was later the most important center of the region in medieval times; the Patriarchate of Aquileia reached the apex of its splendor in the first decades of the year 1000: its splendid Romanesque Basilica remains.
- Degree - Formerly a Roman port for the trade of Aquileia, the ancient lagoon city has a very respectable historic center. In contemporary times it has developed an important seaside activity.
- Gradisca d'Isonzo - It was a Venetian city fortified against the incursions of the Turks; passed under the Habsburgs, it lived its golden age during which it prospered becoming the seat of the County and greatly enriching its urban structure.
- Gorizia - Autonomous county with close relations with Venice, was then inserted in the territories of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After the Second World War, now Italian, it suffered the detachment of a large part of its territory in favor of the former Yugoslavia, finding itself with some neighborhoods separated by the border between the two states.
Other projects
Wikipedia contains an entry concerning Monfalcone
Commons contains images or other files on Monfalcone
