| Arab (العربية (al ʿarabīya)) | |
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| Information | |
| Official language | Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Syria, Yemen, Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Chad, Tunisia, Western Sahara, Somaliland |
|---|---|
| Number of speakers | 240 million |
| Standardization institution | Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo, Arab Academy of Damascus, High Commission for the Arabic Language, International Council of the Arabic Language, Academy of the Arabic Language in Israel, Iraqi Academy of Sciences, Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts , Jordan Academy of Arabic |
| ISO 639-1 | ar |
| ISO 639-2 | macaw |
| ISO 639-3 | macaw |
| Bases | |
| Hello | marħaban |
| Thank you | ʃukran |
| Goodbye | maa 'salama |
| Yes | na'am |
| No | kalla |
| Location | |
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The expressions are written in the Arabic alphabet, and are accompanied by an approximate transliteration, then a pronunciation given in International Phonetic Alphabet (API) which each refers to a sound example.
Pronunciation
- at (ا) like atalcohol in French but more closed.
- b (ب) as in French, baobatb.
- t (ت) like tarif.
- th (ث) like this in English (IPA:/ θ /).
- j (ج) is pronounced dj (IPA:/ dʒ /) (Golf, Algeria), j (IPA:/ ʒ /) (Levant, North Africa), or g like gare (Egypt).
- H (ح) is an h breath at the back of the throat (IPA:/ ħ /). Like whispering the word Hello.
- kh (خ) like ch german in Bach (IPA:/ x /).
- d (د) like douane.
- dh (ذ) like them in English (IPA:/ ð /).
- r (ر) r rolled like in Spanish or Italian.
- z (ز) like zwow.
- s (س) like sirop (IPA:/ s /).
- sh (ش) as in chat (IPA:/ ʃ /).
- S (ص) like a s, but with the back of the throat tight (IPA:/ sˤ /).
- D (ض) like a d, but with the back of the throat tight (IPA:/ dˤ /).
- T (ط) like a t, but with the back of the throat tight (IPA:/ tˤ /).
- Z (ظ) similar to dh gold z, but with the back of the throat tight (IPA:/ ðˤ ~ zˤ).
- `(ع) marked voice in the throat, like a choke (IPA:/ ʕ /).
- gh (غ) like razzia: French r (not rolled) but at the back of the throat (IPA:/ ɣ /).
- f (ف) like fardeau.
- q (ق) like a k, but at the back of the throat (IPA:/ q /), often reduced to a marked throat stop (IPA:/ ʔ /).
- k (ك) as in French.
- the (ل) like theascar.
- m (م) like magasin.
- not (ن) like noténotuphar.
- h (ه) as in English.
- w (و) like whah ; or as the vowel or or o (IPA:/ where /).
- y (ي) like yes in English ; or as a i long (IPA:/ eː /).
- '(ء أ آ ئ ؤ) indicates a marked throat stop (IPA:/ ʔ /).
Grammar
Based
For this guide, we are using polite form for all expressions, on the assumption that you will be speaking most of the time with people you do not know.
Hello : ﻣﹷﺮﹾﺣﹷﺒﺎ (pron.: marħaban)
Hi (Peace be with you) : السلام عليكم (pron.: 'as-salamu' alaikum)
How are you ? : ﻛﻴﹿﻒﹶ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ؟ (pron.: kajfa ɛlhal)
Very well : ﺑﹻﺨﹷﻴﺮ (pron.: bixɛjr)
What's your name ? : ما اسمك؟ (pron.: ma 'smuka)
My name is _____. : ____ اسمي (pron.: ismi: _____ )
Nice to meet you. : سررت بلقائك (pron.: surirtu bi-liqa'ik)
Please. : من فضلك (pron.: min fadˁlik)
Thank you : ﺷﹹﻜﺮﺍ (pron.: ʃukran)
You're welcome : ﻋﻔﻮﺃ (pron.: 'afwan)
excuse me : ﻋﺬﺭﺃ (pron.: 'uðran)
Yes : نعم (pron.: na'am )
No : لا (pron.: lla:)
Goodbye : مع السلامة (pron.: maa 'sala: ma)
I do not speak _____. : .______ لا أتكلم (pron.: la: atakal-lamu ______. )
Do you speak French ? : هل تتكلم الفرنسية؟ (pron.: hal tatakal-lamu al-faransija?)
Does anyone speak French here? : هل من أحد يتكلم الفرنسية؟ (pron.: hal min aħad yatakalamu al-faransiya?)
Help ! :! ساعدوني (pron.: sa'idu: ni:! )
Good morning) : صباح الخير (pron.: sabaħu al-xajr)
Hello afternoon). : مساء الخير (pron.: masa: 'u lxajr. )
Good evening. : مساء الخير (pron.: masa: 'u lxajr)
Good night : تصبح على خير (pron.: tusˁbiħu ʻala xajr)
I do not understand : لا أفهم (pron.: la: 'afham.)
Where are the toilets ? : أين المرحاض؟ (pron.: ʼAyna lmirħadˁ)
Problems
Don't bother me. : لا تزعجني (pron.: la: tuz'id͡ʒni:)
Go away !! : !! إذهب من هنا (pron.: iðħab min ħuna: !!)
Do not touch me ! :! لا تلمسني (pron.: la: talmasni:!)
I'll call the police. : سوف أتصل بالشرطة (pron.: sawf 'at-tasˁil bi-ʃurtˁa)
Police ! :! شرطة (pron.: ʃurtˁa!)
Stop! Thief ! :! توقف! سارق (pron.: tawaq-qaf! sa: riq! )
Help me please! :! ساعدوني ، أرجوكم (pron.: sa: 'iduni,' arju: kum! )
It's an emergency. : حالة طارئة. (pron.: ħa: la ta: ri'a)
I am lost. : لقد تهت (pron.: laqad tuht)
I lost my bag. : .أضعت حقيبتي (pron.: adˁa'tu ħaqibati)
I lost my wallet. : أضعت حافظة نقودي (pron.: 'ada'tu ħa: fizˁta nuqudi: )
I am in pain. : أنا موجوع (pron.: ana: mawd͡ʒu: ')
I am hurt. : أنا مجروح (pron.: ana: mad͡ʒru: ħ)
I need a doctor. : أنا محتاج لطبيب (pron.: ana: muħtad͡ʒun li tabi: b)
May I use your phone ? : هل يمكنني إستعمال هاتفك؟ (pron.: hal yumkinuni: isti'malu hatifik?)
Numbers
0 : صفر (pron.: [sˁifr] )
1 : واحد (pron.: [wa: ħid] )
2 : ﺍثنان (pron.: [iθna: n] )
3 : ثلاثة (pron.: [θala: θa] )
4 : اربعة (pron.: [arbaʕa] )
5 : خمسة (pron.: [xamsa] )
6 : ﺳﹻﺘﺔ (pron.: [si'ta] )
7 : سبعة (pron.: [sabʕa] )
8 : ثمانية (pron.: [θama: nija] )
9 : تسعة (pron.: [tisʕa] )
10 : عشرة (pron.: [ʕaʃara] )
20 : عشرون (pron.: ʕishru: n)
30 : ثلاثون (pron.: θalaθu: n)
40 : اربعون (pron.: arba'u: n)
50 : خمسون (pron.: xamsu: n)
60 : ستون (pron.: sittu: n)
70 : سبعون (pron.: Sab'u: n)
80 : ثمانون (pron.: θamanu: n)
90 : تسعون (pron.: tis'u: n)
100 : مئة (pron.: mi'a)
200 : مئتان (pron.: mi'atane)
300 : ثلاثمئة (pron.: θala: θu-mi'a)
1000 : ألف (pron.: 'alf)
2000 : ألفين (pron.: 'alfajn)
1 000 000 : مليون (pron.: malju: n)
number X (train, bus, etc.) : X رقم (pron.: raqm X)
half : نصف (pron.: nisˁf)
less : أقل (pron.: 'aqal)
more : أكثر (pron.: 'akθar)
Time
now : الآن (pron.: ālʾān)
later : لاحقا (pron.: laħiqan)
before : قبل (pron.: qabla)
morning : صباح (pron.: sˁaba: ħ)
in the morning : في الصباح (pron.: fisˁ-sˁaba: ħ)
afternoon : بعد الزوال (pron.: ba'da zawa: l)
evening : مساء (pron.: masa: ')
In the evening : في المساء (pron.: fi-lmasa: ')
night : الليل (pron.: al-layl)
Time
one o'clock in the morning : الواحدة صباحا (pron.: wahida sabaha )
two o'clock in the morning : tania sabaha
nine o'clock in the morning : tassiaa sabaha
midday : zawal
one p.m : wahida bada zawal
two in the afternoon : tania bada zawal
six in the evening : sadissa massa
seven o clock in the evening : sabia massa
a quarter to seven, 6:45 p.m. : sabia ghir ba
quarter past seven, 7:15 p.m. : sabia or rba
half past seven, 7:30 p.m. : sabia or nass
midnight : tnache ta lil
Duration
_____ minutes) : ______ dkika
_____ time) : ______ saa
_____ days) : ______ youm
_____ week (s) : ______ sludge
_____ month : ______ chahr
_____ year (s) : ______ soul
weekly : ousbouii
monthly : chahri
annual : sanaoui
Days
today : Al yawm (pron.: هذا اليوم )
yesterday : el bareh (pron.: البارحة)
tomorrow : Ghadan (pron.: غدا)
this week : smana hadi (pron.: هذا الأسبوع)
last week : smana lifatet (pron.: الأسبوع الفائت)
next week : smana djaya (pron.: الأسبوع القادم)
Monday : الاثنين (pron.: tnine)
Tuesday : الثلاثاء (pron.: tlata)
Wednesday : الأربعاء (pron.: lareba)
Thursday : الخميس (pron.: khemis )
Friday : الجمعة (pron.: djema )
Saturday : السبت (pron.: sabte )
Sunday : الأحد (pron.: ahed )
Month
If those who speak the language use a calendar other than Gregorian, explain it and list the months.
January : يناير (pron.: yanayer )
February : فبراير (pron.: fabrayer )
March : مارس (pron.: marss )
April : أبريل (pron.: abril )
may : ماي (pron.: may )
June : يونيو (pron.: yonyo )
July : يوليوز (pron.: yolyouz )
August : غشث (pron.: rocht )
September : شتنبر (pron.: chotanber )
October : أكتوبر (pron.: October )
November : نونبر (pron.: noianber )
December : دجنبر (pron.: dojanber )
Write time and date
Give examples of how to write time and date if it differs from French.
Colors
| Color | French | Arab | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| black | أسود | 'aswad | |
| Grey | رمادي | ramadi | |
| White | أبيض | 'abyadˁ | |
| red | أحمر | 'ToħTue | |
| blue | أزرق | 'azraq | |
| yellow | أصفر | 'Tosˁfar | |
| orange | برتقالي | burtuqali | |
| purple | بنفسجي | banafsad͡ʒi | |
| green | أخصر | 'atdˁdar | |
| pink | زهري | zahri | |
| Brown | بني | bun-ni |
Transport
Bus and Train
How much does the ticket cost to go to ____? : كم ثمن التذكرة للذهاب الى
Directions
Taxi
Taxi! : Taxi (pron.: سيارة أجرة)
Housing
Silver
Food
A table for one person / two people, please. : tawila li chakhess / chakhessayn, mine fadlik
Can I have the menu ? : Hall astatia'ou akhtha el kaeima, mine fadlik?
Can I visit the kitchens? : hall astatia'ou ziyarata al matbakh, mine fadlik?
What is the specialty of the house ? : Ma Howa ekhtissass al maanzell?
Is there a local specialty? : Hal youjad ekhtissass mahalli?
I am vegetarian. : ena aa'chib
I do not eat pork. : the aekol al khenziiir
Can you cook light? (with less oil / butter / bacon) : Hell tastatiaa'ou tatbakhou khafif (maa 'El kalill mn' Zaytt / zoubda / samn)
menu : El kaima
à la carte : aala el bitakaa
breakfast : fatour
to eat lunch : ghadae
having dinner : aachae
supper : chouraba
I want _____ : Ooredoo_____. (pron.: أريد _____)
I would like a dish with _____. : Ooredoo tabak maa '_____ (pron.: X _____)
chicken : dajaj (pron.: الدجاج)
beef : Bakrii
deer : venison
Fish : Samak (pron.: السّمك)
some salmon : salmon
tuna : you dont have
seafood : ghilal El bahhar
some snails : saltaa'oun
frogs : dhifdaa '
Ham : Ham
pork / pig : khinziir
cheese : joubn
eggs : baydh
a salad : salata
vegetables (fresh) : (thazaje) khodhar
fruit (fresh) : (thazaje) ghilel
bread : khobez (pron.: الخبز)
toast : khobej mohamess
pasta : aa'jiiin
rice : arouzz (pron.: الأرز)
green beans : fasoulya khadhra
white beans : fasoulya baydha
red beans : fasoulya hamra
Can I have a drink of _____? : Ooredoo kaessan mn______?
Can I have a cup of _____? : Ooredoo tassatt_____?
Can I have a bottle of _____? : Ooredoo keninatou_____?
Coffee : kahawa
tea : Cheyy (pron.: الشاي)
juice : aa'ssyrr
sparkling water : ma ghazyy
water : my (pron.: ماء)
beer : khamer
red / white wine : aa'ssyrr El aa'inab El ahhmar / abyadh
Can I have _____? : Hall astatiaa'ou al houssoula aala____?
salt : myllahh (pron.: ملح)
pepper : felfel
butter : zebda
Please ? (attract the attention of the waiter) : mine fadlik / aa'odhran
I finished : anhaytou
That was delicious.. : kam howa lathizz
You can clear the table. : tastyaa'ou jamaa 'el tawila
The bill, please. : El fatouraa, mine fadlik
Bars
Purchases
Drive
stop (on a sign) : stop
Authority
I did not do anything wrong.. : لم أفعل أي مكروه
Where are you taking me? : أين تاخدونني
I am a French / Belgian / Swiss / Canadian citizen. : انا مواطن فرنسي / بلجيكي / سويسري / كندي
