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| Irkutsk | ||
| Oblast | Irkutsk | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 623.736 (2017) | |
| height | 440 m | |
| Tourist info web | MyIrkutsk | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Irkutsk (Russian: Иркутск) is “the pearl Siberia. “The city is one of the most important starting points for excursions to the Baikal lake. The one flowing off from there Angara will be on Irkutsk reservoir dammed up.
This is also the administrative seat of the eponymous Oblasts. The cities in the north-west belong to the metropolitan area Angarsk (Ангарск), 40 km away, 1 Telma (Тельма) and 80 km away Usolye-Sibirskoye (Усолье-Сибирское) with its suburb 2 Malta (Мальта).
The local time zone is Moscow 5.
background
history
Irkutsk appeared - like many other cities in Siberia - only in the middle of the 17th century. Century on the map. It was founded as a winter camp at the mouth of the Irkut River. After nine years, in 1661, Cossacks under the direction of Yakov established Pochabiv Ostrog (Settlement) on the steep bank of the Angara River opposite the mouth of the Irkut. The fate of Irkutsk was determined by the favorable location of the city: it was due to the regional and long-distance trade routes that connected the European part of Russia with China, Mongolia and the Russian Far East. It developed quickly. As early as 1686, the Ostrog received city rights.
Came from Siberia Tobacco products - valuable goods for long-distance trade. In the XVII. In the 19th century, the first businesses appeared in Irkutsk: mills, breweries, soap factories and tanneries. Many craftsmen and workers worked in the city. The residents dealt with trade, transport, fishing and grain cultivation. In 1840 Irkutsk became a center of gold processing and gold handicrafts in eastern Siberia, which made the merchants there the richest in Siberia. The establishment of the Trans-Siberian Railway via Irkutsk strengthened cultural and economic ties with the European part of Russia.
Today Irkutsk is one of the larger cities of the Russian Federation and is one of the seven cities of Russia with a unique historical cultural heritage. Irkutsk has more than 600,000 inhabitants and is an administrative, commercial, operational, scientific and educational center that includes over ten thousand companies of various sizes, a branch of the Siberian department of the Russian Academy of Sciences with its network of institutes, plus universities and colleges, where about a hundred thousand students are enrolled.
Irkutsk is a Siberian city where ancient half-timbered houses stand next to modern skyscrapers. Culture is not neglected either: Drama and music theater, children's theater, the philharmonic orchestra with symphony orchestra and a concert hall with an organ. The local history museum is one of the oldest in all of Russia; it exhibits rich archaeological and ethnographic collections.
getting there
- Mongolia
Please refer Entry requirements Mongolia
- over Ulan-Ude to the land border in Kjachta or by transmogolic train in 3 Nauschki(50 ° 23 '23 "N.106 ° 6 '10 "E) (Наушки).
- Through the Tunka National Park at Mondy for 1 Border post(51 ° 38 ′ 2 ″ N.100 ° 51 '26 "E) on the A333.
By plane
is one of the most important airports in Russia, which receives international flights mainly from China but from Mongolia, South Korea, Thailand and Uzbekistan. There are no direct flights from Germany, you will mostly change in Moscow. From there you are in the air for 5 hours. Domestic flights are available from most major Russian airports. The companies flying mainly in Siberia Angara and IrAero have their basis here. The domestic terminal 2 was expanded in 2009, the international one is politely described as “rustic”. Access is only permitted 2 hours before check-in. Upon arrival, the suitcase label will be compared with the boarding pass at the exit.- 1 Vozduzhnaya Gawan ' (Воздушная Гавань, Airport hotel) (3 min. Walk from the terminal). Price: from 1500 R., m.F.
There's one in town 2 Aeroflot branch, Ul. Stepana Razina, 27.
By train
On the Trans-Siberia from the west Moscow above Nizhny Novgorod, Perm, EkaterinburgNovosibirsk, taiga (Branch Tomsk); but also to the Black Sea Eagle or Anapa. To the east Ulan-Ude (branch of the Trans-Mongolian to Ulan Bator and Beijing) to the end in Vladivostok.
- 5 Central Station (Иркутск Пасс.) (Tram 1, 4).
By bus
In the street
The R-255 trunk road Sibir (formerly M52) to the west comes from Novosibirsk (1846 km) further over Krasnoyarsk (1061 km) and Kansk.
The R-258 (formerly M55) goes 1113 km east to Chita.
mobility
The Central Market (ентральный Рынок) stops and all along the Lenina (Улица Ленина) or at 1 Kiro w place (Сквер Кирова).
Many marshrutki depart from the central market.
Single rides in the bus and Marshrutka cost a uniform 20 rubles (from 8 p.m. 25 r.), You pay when you get off, or in the tram from the conductress, as appropriate. Trolley buses are cheaper. There are no network or day tickets. When changing, you pay again. Prepaid cards are increasingly being used for trams and trolleybuses. Operating hours are from 6.00 / 7.00-22.00 / 22.30.
Local trains to Mal'ta and on go north every half hour during the day. To Baikal there is a local train with 35 stops 159 km to Kultuk. Journey time about 2h40.
- Radio taxi
- Taxi Maxim 7 (3952) 500-600
- Taxi Irkutsk 7 (3952) 500-700
Tourist Attractions
Thirty important inner-city sights have been connected by a “green line” on the footpath. The associated information boards are hardly maintained. If they are legible, the explanation is in Russian and English:
- Monument to Tsar Alexander III Behind it is the "White House" built in 1804, which was the official residence of the military governors.
- State University Research Library
- 2 Folklore / local history museum Karl-Marx-Str. 2 (2018: 200 rows); with 9 branch offices, etc. 3 Studio, where finely crafted furniture is shown and the Siberian Art Gallery, Karl-Marx-Str. 23
- I. M. Okhlopkow Drama Theater
- 4 Lenin monument
- Russian-Asian Bank
- Baikal University of Economics and Law (ФГБОУ ВО)
- Archangel Michael Orthodox Church
- 5 V. P. Sukachew Art Museum, Ul. Lenina, 5th
- Bazanov Education House
- Russian-Japanese Friendship Monument
- Irkutsk City Council building
- Kirowplatz (main square with park)
- House of the Soviet (regional administration building)
- Roman Catholic (Polish) Church. Brick building that is reminiscent of East Prussian models. Heir from 1718, today state property used for organ concerts
- Church of the Redeemer, at the
- 6 memorial including an eternal flame
- Orthodox 7 Revelation Cathedral inherited from 1718
- Moscow Gate, the original from 1819 fell into disrepair, today a historicizing replica from 2009
- Urban exhibition complex
- Joshua Feinberg-Kaufmannshaus, inherited in 1901
- Alexander F. Wtorov-Man's house
- Trapezniko w mansion
- Arsenalskaya Street
- Former Grand Hotel
- Natural history department of the local history museum
- Art cinema
- City Theatre
- Youth theater
- Orthodox 8 Cathedral of the Holy Cross (Krestovozdvizhenskaya Tserkov)
Monastery of St. Vladimir.
Drama school, a typical pre-revolutionary building.
Typical housing estate in the outskirts.
If there are still old wooden houses in the city center that are not used commercially, it is noticeable that in some of the windows the lower edges are at the level of the sidewalk. This is because a hundred years ago there was no foundation and the structures are slowly sinking into the ground. Many of these buildings still have no running water, but there are pit toilets in the courtyard.
Museums
Also worth seeing are:
- 9 "Quartier 130" (130 Квартал, 130 Kvartal), Ul. 3 Iyulya (Tram stop Lenina: 1, 2, 4a). Small quarter of traditional Siberian wooden houses that was nicely decorated for tourists in 2012. Traffic-calmed. The unusual statue of Babr is the symbol in the city arms. A mythical tiger-beaver hybrid is shown. This also includes the Detsky Museum (Детский Музей, Children's Museum), the Noosphere Museum with a planetarium (Иркутский планетарий и музей Ноосфера). In ul. Sedova, 29 is the city's musical theater.
- 10 Museum of (bourgeois) city life, Декабрьских Событий 77. Five splendidly reconstructed rooms typical of the pre-revolutionary upper bourgeoisie. There is a small tea museum at number 77A.Open: Tue-Sun 10.00-18.00.
- 11 city Museum, Frank-Kamenetskogo Strasse 16 / corner of Karl-Marx-Str. There are 4 branch offices.Open: Tue-Sun 10.00-18.00.
- Museum ship 12 Icebreaker Angara (Ледокол Ангара) (Prospekt Zhukowa stop: trolleybus 3, bus 16, 16k). Probably the oldest surviving icebreaker. Built in Newcastle in 1898 and brought to Baikal in parts to support the construction of the Trans-Siberian.Open: 11 a.m.-7 p.m., summer 9 a.m.-9 p.m.
- Decembrist Museum, Trubetskich House: ul. Dzerzhinskogo, 64. Volkonskich House: Pereulok Volkonskogo, 10 (Tram stop Avtovoksal: 4, 4A). Two mansions of the noble Decembrist mutineers exiled here, not far from each other, whose exile with family in the 1830s was not too uncomfortable.Open: Tue-Sun 10.00-18.00.Price: per house 200 R.
- 13 Tal'tsy open air museum (Тальцы) (45 km towards Lake Baikal. Bus 524, 526 from the bus station or Marshrutki from the central market). Traditional Siberian houses dismantled elsewhere. The Ilim Ostrog is a typical blockhouse fortress of the 17th century. The traditions of the Russians, Buryats, Evenks (= Tungus) and Tofalars. Some of the 40 buildings may be unlocked by the attendant responsible. Various festivals of old Russian tradition take place throughout the year. You should take at least half a day.Open: 10 a.m. - 6 p.m., winter until 5 p.m.Price: Adult 250 (individual activities), photo permit 50 R.
Churches
- 14 Church of the Icon of Kazan (Церковь в честь Казанской Иконы Божией Матери), Smolenshchina (Смоленщина) (Local railway Smolenshchina).
Parks
- 15 Botanical Garden (Ботанический сад), Ulitsa Kol'tsova, 93 (Local railway Pl. Mel'nikovo; Trolleybus: 5, 7k, 10, 10k; Bus 7, 21, 24). Large park, scientifically supervised by the university. With a small animal zoo.Open: Tue-Sun 9 am-5pm.Price: only Arboretum 80 R., incl. Greenhouses 200 R.; also sale of plants.
various
- 16 dam (Trolleybus 8 drives over it). Can also be crossed on foot. Can be combined with a tour of the Angara icebreaker.
activities
The several kilometers long promenade on the river was lavishly embellished for the 350th anniversary of the city.
Ice sculptures can be found in the central park in winter.
- 1 "Solar" indoor pool (спортивный комплекс "Солнечный"), Baykal'skaya St, 253/1. Competitive swimming pool with grandstand and a 25 m and 50 m pool, opened in 2015. Handicapped accessible. Fitness studio on the first floor.Open: 7 a.m.-10 p.m., block use 45 min.Price: Adults 310-380 R./h (loss of keys 200 R., damage to a toilet bowl 6000 R., glass door 10000 R., other according to the price list).
shop
1 Central market (Центральный Рынок). Accessible by trams 1, 2, 4, 4a and buses.
kitchen
One should try fish from the Baikal. Salmon like the Baikal omul are particularly tasty.
- Beer house, Ul. Gryaznova, 1. If you want to try what people in Siberia think of as German sausage and pork knuckle. Sometimes live music.Open: 12 p.m.-2 a.m.Price: high.
nightlife
accommodation
During the Soviet era there were four hotels. There was a hotel construction boom around 2013/5. Not all of the new houses survived the competition. You can choose from around 30 inner-city restaurants.
Cheap
- Overview of the numerous Hostels.
medium
Upscale
- 3 Hotel Victoria, Bogdana Khmelnitskogo ul. 1. 30 rooms.
- 4 Hotel Angara, ul. Sukhe-Batora, 7; on Kirov Square. Renovated Intourist building. 300 rooms with 500 beds. Popular with Chinese guests. Chinese and European restaurant.
luxury
- Courtyard Marriott, Chkalowa ul. 15th
- 5 Sayan (4*), Karl-Marx-St. 13B. Panorama restaurant on the 7th floor.Price: most expensive house in Irkutsk.
security
health
The climate is Siberian-continental. Short, warm summers (a little over 20 ° C) and long, cold winters. In summer it rains often, while in winter (November-March consistently below zero) it rains very little.
Practical advice
- 3 post, Ul. Karl Marxa, 28. Open: 10.00-13.00, 14.00-19.00.
- Consulates
None of the German-speaking countries is represented on site. For Germans in trouble, there is a nationwide emergency number 7 495 9379500. EU citizens can also contact the Polish or Lithuanian consulate.
- 4 Chinese Consulate General, Ul. Karl Marx, 38-40. The PR China granted Tourist visas only in exceptional cases outside the applicant's home country.
- 5 Mongolian Consulate General (Генеральное Консульство Монголии), Ul. Lapina, 11th. Tel.: 73952342295. Open: Mon.-Fri. 9.00-18.00.
trips
Baikal lake
To the Lake Baikal, e.g. after Listvyanka.
- Olkhon Island
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Minibuses from the Irkutsk bus station run more frequently in the morning (2017: 800 r.). Of 1 Sachjurta (Сахюрта), where there is a campsite and numerous accommodations, it goes by 7 Ferry to the island of Olkhon their main town 2 Chushir (Хужир) is.
The road is now continuously paved, which has reduced the driving time to 5 hours. In winter, the lake is frozen over from the end of January, then you drive over the ice. On Olkhon there is electricity and internet via cellular network. The majority of the residents are Buryats. In simpler family pensions there is often still a lack of running water. The outhouse is often “at the back.” The upper middle class are the log houses of the 6 Usad'ba Nikity Bencharova (Усадьба Никиты Бенчарова, phone: 79148957865, Kirpichnaya ul., 8, Chushir).
The island, 300 kilometers from Irkutsk, a popular summer excursion destination for the Irkutsk people, is ideal for long hikes. The north of the island is a nature reserve. You can see beautiful sunsets at Cape Burhan. Only the brave should swim on the long beaches in Lake Baikal, whose water only gets up to 16 ° C in midsummer.
The best way to start the return journey is from the bus stop in front of the tourist information office in Chushir (Baikalska ul.).
Tunka National Park
The Tunka National Park can be reached from Irkutsk via Kultuk at the western tip of Lake Baikal, then on the A333 to the west. That is 216 km. It is 380 km from Ulan-Ude.
The park administration (tel: 7 30147 42-6-37, ul. Lenina, 69) is located in the village 17 Kyren (Кыре́н). A paid visit permit can be applied for in advance by email ([email protected]) or obtained during normal office hours at one of the five info points. Here you can also book accommodation in huts owned by the park administration. The two simple accommodations in town Tunka 350 (at the gas station) and Gostinitsa Shumak (Town center) received mixed assessments. There is also a Buryat Buddhist temple in the village, founded in 1806.
Medicinal and mineral springs are so far mainly in the health resorts 3 Arshan right at the foot of the Tunka Alps and 2 Nilowa Pustyn near the village of Turan in the western central part of the Tunka basin, used balneologically. Both places have enough accommodation.
On the 2791 m high, which is not overly difficult to climb 18 Peak Khulugajsha (Пик Хулугайша) there are guided tours.
For the border area of the national park you also need a permit from the FSB (eMail: [email protected]), which takes two months to get for foreigners. On the Mongolian side you have that Chöwsgöl Nuur-National Park (Mongol .: Хөвсгөл Далай, Russian: Хөвсгөл нуурын байгалийн цогцолбор газар) set up.
Angarsk
Angarsk was founded as an industrial site from 1947/8 when a chemical plant dismantled in the Soviet Zone was rebuilt here. The chemical and metalworking industries still dominate today. The city's most famous son is serial killer Mikhail Viktorovich Popkov.
Accessible by local train in the direction of Mal'ta every half hour during the day in 1h03 or Marshrutka.
- Sights and activities
- Canoeists come especially for the rapids of the Chajta (Хайта) river.
- 19 Watch museum (Городской музей часов), Karl-Marx-Str. 31. Going back to a private collection started in 1968, 1,300 watches are on display. There's another one in the post office that was supposed to be in a tower, but it was never built.Open: Tue-Sat 10.00-18.00.
- 20 Mineral collection, 73th Quarter, 4th. Originated from the collecting activities of regional geologists. You can see, among other things Charoite, a mineral that can only be found worldwide in the Oblast on the border with Yakutia.Open: Tue-Sat 10.00-18.00.
- Hotels
- 7 Kak Doma, 11 микрорайон, 7а дом, 3rd floor (Hidden, house entrance in the bend of an angular apartment block (the shop "Visit" next door is noticeable)). Tel.: 79027658444. Price: cheap.
- 8 LOFT hotel, Ul. Gor'kogo, 2г. Tel.: 78002501912. Price: bed in 8-bed dormitory: 500 R., single: 2000-3000 R. (12-hour use 500 R. discount).
Usolye-Sibirskoye
As the name suggests, a place founded because of its salt deposits. Underground mining began in 1956. There is one in town tram.
Accessible by 8 Local railway (Усолье-Сибирское) direction Mal'ta during the day every half hour in 1h35 or Marshrutka.
A small 21 local historical collection (Усольский историко-краеведческий музей) is in an apartment block near the Palace of Culture. The natural history museum has been closed and rotten for years.
literature
Web links
- http://admirk.ru/ (ru) - Irkutsk official website
- Baikla info News portal (russ.)
