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| Canton of Nidwalden | |
| Capital | Stans |
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| Residents | 43.223 (2018) |
| surface | 276 km² |
another value for area on Wikidata: 275.85  | |
| no tourist info on Wikidata: | |
| location | |
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The Canton of Nidwalden lies in the Central Switzerland; Since Unterwalden belonged to one of the three founding cantons of the Confederation with the federal treaty of 1291, is also from the Original Switzerland the speech. As a "half canton", Nidwalden has only one National Council in the large and only one Council of States (instead of the usual two) in the small Chamber of Parliament; together with the sibling - half canton Obwalden is often shared by Unterwalden the speech.
The canton of Nidwalden is located on the southwestern bank of the Lake Lucerne, into which the mountain ranges from Bürgenstock and Seelisberg protrude. The main town of Stans is on a plain south of the Bürgenstock, the flat land allowed the construction of the Buochs military airfield. In the west and south, Nidwalden borders on the territory of the canton Obwalden, resp. to that of the exclave Engelberg. Only in between there is a short piece of border to the Jochpass Canton Bern. Towards the east, the canton forms near the Seelisberg Uri the border.
Regions
places
- main place Stans
- local community Beckenried
- local community Buochs
- local community Emmetten
- local community Ennetbuergen
- local community Wolf shooting
- local community Stansstad
- local community Ennetmoos
- local community Hergiswil
- local community Oberdorf
- local community Dallenwil
Other goals
background
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The earliest archaeological finds were found in excavations at Kehrsiten (Standsstaad) with Neolithic pile-dwelling settlements of the Cortaillod, Pfyner and Horgen cultures; the crossing of the Renggpass and the Lopper were already committed in the Bronze Age. From the later centuries only a few grave and litter finds gave indications of the Gallo-Roman population. an Alemannic population immigrated. Probably in the catchment area of the Alemannic monastery Constancy the first church was built in around 750 Stans, which remained the only one in the valley until around 1000.
As Communitas hominum Intramontanorum Vallis Inferioris If participants from Unterwalden were named in the federal letter of 1291, it is not entirely clear to what extent Obwalden was also involved, or whether Obwalden only joined the Confederation at the federal conclusion of 1315, then there were definitely men from Unterwalden mentioned from both places. After 1330 it came Stans reinforced under the influence of the monastery Engelberg. In 1398 a council and a rural community were established in Nidwalden, and around 1400 a court; The monastery was bought out step by step Lucerne. After 1477 the original cantons leaned against an alliance of cities Lucerne, Zurich and Bern with Freiburg and Solothurn and the Obwalden took action against the Lucerne Entlebuch; It was only thanks to the mediation of Niklaus von Flüe that the "Stans Ordinance", a contract between the eight old towns and the two cities of a ten-member union, could be passed in the 1481 Diet.
In contrast to the neighbor Obwalden Like the other Swiss cantons, Nidwalden rejected the Helvetic Constitution imposed by the invading French, which transferred the gains of the French Revolution to Switzerland. Nevertheless, the state had to submit and was incorporated as "District Stans" into the newly founded canton "Waldstätte". An extraordinary assembly of the Landsgemeinde decided the mobilization and on 9.9.1798 the Nidwalden plunged into a hopeless battle against the French. After the defeat and the subsequent massacres, the villages of Ennetmoos, Stansstaad, Buochs and Stans were devastated during the "Nidwalden Horror Days". With the mediation act of 1803, the "Ancien Régime" and thus also the canton were restored, but Obwalden had to forego its two-thirds advantage over Nidwalden. Nidwalden refused to approve the federal treaty of 1815 and resigned from the Confederation, only after the invasion of federal troops did the Nidwalden relent on Aug. 18, 1815, but had to lose the federally minded Engelberg at Obwalden accept.
After the abolition of the monastery in 1841, Nidwalden joined the Sonderbund and, after the defeat of the Catholic cantons in the Sonderbund War, had to submit to the federal constitution of 1848 despite the rejection by the rural community. In 1934 an electricity station was built on the Bannalp, in 1935 the military airfield was built in Buochs, and in 1939 the Pilatus Flugzeugwerke was founded. After the completion of the Lopper tunnel in 1964, the Luzern-Stans-Engelberg-Bahn was opened, and in 2005 it became part of the Zentralbahn. Another step towards transport links was the construction of the A2 motorway from Ennethorw and the opening of the Seelisberg tunnel in 1980. With its 9.29 km length, the Seelisberg tunnel is still the world's longest double-tube road tunnel.
By 1860 a drawbridge had been built over the narrow lake between Stansstaad and the Lopper Stansstad from Lucerne can only be reached practically by steamboat. From 1870 the Belle Epoque hotels were built on the Bürgenstock, in Fürigen and in Emmetten; first a summer tourism developed that benefited from the alpine romance.
language
German is spoken as the official language; the Nidwaldnerdyytsch is related to the Lucerne dialect and is one of the most highly stableemannic languages.
getting there
By train
Of Lucerne there are hourly connections from the Zentralbahn to Stans, Dallenwil, Wolfenschiessen and further into the Obwald region Engelberg.
In the street
The from Lucerne coming Gotthard motorway 
crosses Nidwalden and leads over Altdorf and the Gotthard road tunnel further into Ticino and after Italy.
The Seestrasse, also coming from Lucerne 
Turns off as Lopperstrasse in the direction of Sarnen, the canton road continues over a bridge Stansstadam Lake and about Stans to Engelberg. From Stans leads over the cantonal road Buochs continue after Beckenried and on the Seelisberg; on the Seelisberg the through road ends, the only way to continue is on a footpath to Bauen in the canton Uri, or down through the mountain on the road tunnel.
mobility
In addition to the rail link between Stansstad, Stans, Dallenwil and Wolf shooting through the Zentralbahn there are postbus connections to the various smaller towns.
Tourist Attractions
- in Stans it says on the town hall square 1 Winkelried Monument, the three-figure group made of white Carrara marble was created in 1865 by Ferdinand Schlöth. It recalls the deed of the Swiss national hero Arnold Winkelried, who was during the Battle of Sempach Said to have fallen into the ranks of the Habsburgs' lances in order to pave the way for the federal fighters and thus the way to victory. Around the town hall square, the town hall and the church of St. Peter and Paul form a listed ensemble.
- in Stansstad stands the 2 Schnitzerturmthat was part of a sea fortification. It used to belong to two thirds of Obwalden, in 1997 Obwalden donated its share to the local community.
- on the main street in 1 Wolf shooting are several wooden houses worth seeing.
- the hotels on the 3 Bürgenstock come from the Belle Epoque. A funicular runs from the 1 Kehrsiten boat landing stage up to the Bürgenstock Resort. From there the Rock path along the mountain flank to the lookout point Chänzeli created, from there overcomes the 1 Hammetschwand lift the 150 meters to the summit of the Bürgenstock. Interestingly, the steep slope on the northern slope of the Bürgenstock belongs to the canton of Lucerne, it is more or less an exclave that is only accessible from the lake.
- Located on a terrace above Lake Lucerne, on the border with the canton of Uri Emmetten. A 2 Gondola lift leads up to the ski area 1 Stockhütte. About the 3 Twäregg there is a connection to the ski area on the 2 Klewenalp
- The scattered settlement Seelisbergto which the legendary 4 Rütli meadow belongs to the canton Uri.
activities
In summer can be hiked in the mountains. The Stanserhorn, for example, is a well-known panoramic mountain with a view of Lake Lucerne and the Swiss Plateau. It can also be reached by convertible cable car with an open upper deck from Stans.
- 4 Stanserhorn Railway, Stansstaderstrasse 19, 6370 Stans. Tel.: 41 (0)41 618 80 40, Email: [email protected]. Historic funicular in the first section, suspension railway with open upper deck ("convertible cable car") in the second section to the Stanserhorn.
On the Musenalp there is an alpine cheese dairy and of course an alpine pub; the alp is the starting point for various mountain hikes.
- 5 Musenalp railway, Musenalp 1, 6383 Niederrickenbach. Tel.: 41 (0)41 628 12 45, Email: [email protected]. Alpine dairy and baiz, open May to November.Price: 16.00 / 8.00.
In the winter invites the region to go skiing. The largest ski area, Klewenalp-Stockhütte, is located above Beckenried and Emmetten; 6 Klewenalpbahnwhich leads from Beckenried directly to Klewenalp.
| Surname | phone | Altitude |  |  |  |  |  |  | Σ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Klewenalp - Stockhütte ski area | 41 (0)41 624 66 00 | 774 - 2,001 m | 2 | 3 | 8 | 15 | 25 | — | 40 km |
There are other winter sports opportunities in the Engelberg valley in Dallenwil and in Engelberg yourself with the Titlis lifts. In Dallenwil the 7 Dallenwil-Wirzweli cable car to the plateau of Wirzweli, there is a ski lift with a 1.5 km long slope, you can go winter hiking and snowshoeing, no signposted valley descent.
| Surname | phone | Altitude | | | | | | | Σ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dallenwil-Wirzweli AG aerial cableway | 41 (0)41 628 23 94 | 1,227 - 1,600 m | 1 | — | 1 | 1.5 | — | — | 1.5 km |
kitchen
- The Sbrinz is a hard cheese that is one of the oldest types of cheese in Europe. It is made by hand using traditional methods in copper kettles in the cantons of Lucerne, Obwalden and Nidwalden.
nightlife
security
climate
trips
- Not far and easily accessible is Lake Lucerne Lucerne with an old town well worth seeing.
- On the border between Obwalden and Lucerne is the panoramic mountain Pilate with a view of Lake Lucerne and Lucerne. It can be reached both from Kriens near Lucerne with a gondola lift and with the historic cogwheel train from Alpnachstad out.
- To the south is the Obwalden exclave Engelberg with its Benedictine monastery and two ski areas on the 3,000 meter high Titlis mountain.
