San Giovanni Suergiu - San Giovanni Suergiu

San Giovanni Suergiu is a citizen of the Southern Sardinia in province of Southern Sardinia.

To know

Geographical notes

San Giovanni Suergiu is located in Sulcis and borders on Carbonia, Giba, Portoscuso, Sant'Antioco is Tratalias.

Background

Prehistory and ancient history

The Sangiovannese territory was already inhabited in the pre-Nuragic, Nuragic, Punic and Roman eras, as demonstrated by various sites and finds found in the area. Of particular interest are the domus de janas of Is Locci Santus, on the homonymous hill overlooking the lagoon. Traces of the nuragic civilization are still visible with the nuraghi of Is Meurras (border point of the municipalities of Tratalias and Giba) and of Craminalana (Tratalias). On the latter site there are also several tombs of the giants, currently not open to visitors. In the locality of Sa Guardiedda, on the coast of the lagoon in an intermediate position between Sulki and the fortress of Monte Sirai, a still visible dock was built in the Phoenician-Punic period.

Medieval history

In the Byzantine period three communities of monks settled and built three convents: in Palmas, Suergiu and Matzaccara, of which no evident traces remain. The birth of Villa di Palmas di Sols, later belonging to the curatoria of the Sulcis of the Giudicato of Cagliari, can be traced back to that period. However, the first existing document in the archives that certifies the presence of the monks in the territory dates back to 1066. In that year, in fact, Vera, the wife of Orzocco Torchitorio I, judge of Cagliari, offered six churches in the Sulcis area to the Benedictine monks of Monte Cassino, including Santa Maria di Palmas. From which it can be deduced that both Palmas and the church of Santa Maria were built on dates prior to 1066. Subsequently the church was donated to the monks of San Vittore of Marseille (1089), by Judge Constantine I Salusio II, son of Torchitorio, who took it away from the Cassinesi without the consent of the Bishop. Only a decade later, Pope Paschal II returned it to the diocesan bishop. Because of the repeated barbarian incursions that terrorized and plundered the whole territory that overlooked the Gulf of Palmas of every good, the villa was populated by many families who abandoned the nearby Sulki-Sant'Antioco.

In 1258 the villa passed under the control of the Pisan Gherardo della Gherardesca; on the death of its last heir in 1355 it was incorporated into the kingdom of Sardinia by the Aragonese, however, like almost all the inhabited centers of the Sulcis, it was completely depopulated in the following centuries.

Modern and contemporary history

In 1616, during the Spanish period, it formed a county of which Luigi de Gualbes was feudal lord. In 1627 the county was transformed into a marquisate.

Repopulated progressively from the eighteenth century, in the area of ​​the old Palmas di Sols various medaus and furriadroxius were formed, small villages that became the nucleus of the Palmas known until the second half of the twentieth century.

In 1793, during the French expedition to Sardinia, the French troops commanded by Admiral Truguet landed in the territory, aiming to conquer the island but which were then rejected.

The territory continued to be populated over the years; in 1840, with the abolition of the feudal system, the town was redeemed to the Bon Crespi di Valdaura, the last feudal lords, until it became a municipality in 1853.

Meanwhile, a few kilometers away from Palmas, other medau were gradually uniting around that of Suergiu (at the time a hamlet of Palmas), a boddeu built around the medieval church of the ancient disappeared town, located at the foot of the homonymous hill and dedicated to San Giovanni Battista, while no trace remains of the church of San Pietro, present only in the oral testimonies of some elderly people who lived in the area. In this sense, however, the presence in that area of ​​current toponyms such as S'Arriu de Santu Perdu (Rio San Pietro) and also "Su campusantu de Santu Perdu (the cemetery of San Pietro), in use until the first half of Twentieth century and later abandoned. While it remains to be established where the convent was located, even if it seems logical to locate it in that area due to the presence of the river, indispensable for the agricultural use of the land by the monks. of the eighteenth century, with the union of the inhabited area consisting of the ancient boddeu and the nearby medau of Is Mereus (where currently there is via Regina Margherita) and the construction of new houses along the new royal road called "Mandatory" for Sant 'Antioco, the current city center was gradually formed, where the King transferred the seat of the Municipality by decree of 11 March 1863. However, this act could only be carried out concretely in 1889, the year of completion of the n egg town hall. Since then the Municipality took the name of Palmas Suergiu.

In the first half of the twentieth century Palmas Suergiu was interested in a rapid industrial development, which interrupted the single-economy agro-pastoral up to then present. Thus were born the Santa Caterina thermoelectric plant and the SAMIS coal refining and magnesium processing plants (transferred, however, to Sant'Antioco in the 1930s). In addition to this, the construction of the Southern Sardinian Railways network made the Palmas Suergiu station the main Sulcis railway station of the time, as the lines for Iglesias, Siliqua and Calasetta branched off from here (lines then closed in 1974) . From an agricultural point of view, INPS reclaimed a large slice of marshy land in the area between Suergiu and Palmas (which became a hamlet), establishing an important agricultural company in 1953, which was then passed to regional management and ceased in the eighties. All these productive settlements led to an increase in the population, with a migratory flow also coming from beyond the Tyrrhenian Sea, also facilitated by the great development that the nearby sulcitan coalfields were experiencing at that time.

After World War II, on March 13, 1950, the current name of San Giovanni Suergiu was attributed. The current toponym combines the name of the city patron, to whom the ancient church of San Giovanni Battista was named, with that of Suergiu, one of the medau around which the center had developed, which in turn drew its name from the near Mount Suergiu, so called due to the presence of cork oaks on the hill in the past. The construction of the reservoir of Monte Pranu, in nearby Tratalias, led in 1962 to the abandonment of the original Palmas by its inhabitants (moved a few kilometers away in the homonymous hamlet built from scratch), due to the infiltrations of water that from the dam had undermined the foundations of the houses (later demolished) of this and other nearby villages. The progressive crisis of the mining and industrial sector in the Sulcis area forced many of the Sangiovannese to emigrate, a phenomenon which was partly appeased with the construction of the Portovesme industrial center.

How to orient yourself

Fractions

• Bruncuteula, shared with the municipality of Portoscuso
• Matzaccara
• Is Urigus
• Palmas

How to get

By plane

• 39.259.051 Cagliari-Elmas Airport (IATA: CAG) (73 km from San Giovanni Suergiu), ☎ 39 070 211211, fax: 39 070 241013. L'Cagliari-Elmas airport is served by Ryanair with Pisa, Bologna, Milan-Bergamo, Rome Ciampino, Treviso, Cuneo, Bologna and some European cities, from Alitalia with Rome-Fiumicino and Milan-Linate and other airlines such as Easyjet is Volotea serving other national and European destinations.  

By car

From Cagliari take the SS 130 Iglesiente. Continue for Carbonia and take the SS 126. Continue until the crossroads for San Giovanni Suergiu.

On boat

From the port of Cagliari.

By bus

• From Cagliari with the ARST 802 line.
• From Siliqua with the ARST line 828.
• From Carbonia with the ARST line 818.

How to get around

What see

Churches

• 39.109848.522541 Church of San Giovanni Battista. 
• 39.1119448.5255562 Old church of San Giovanni Battista. 
• 39.0772228.55753 Church of Santa Maria di Palmas. 
• 39.1322228.4563894 Church of Sant'Elena Imperatrice Matzaccara. 

Military architectures

• 39.0794448.56255 Palmas castle ruins. 
• Anti-aircraft positions (They are located at the foot of the hills to the west of the town). 

Archaeological sites

• 39.11968.4936 Necropolis of Is Loccis-Santus.  
• 39.1188898.5372227 Nuraghe Craminalana. 
• Nuraghe Is Paras. 
• Nuraghe Loci. 
• Nuraghe Palangiai. 
• Nuraghe Palmas. 
• 39.0991678.5458338 Nuraghe Candelargiu. 
• Tombs of the giants of Craminalana. 

Natural areas

• 39.0485868.5517429 Pond of Mulargia.  
• Punt'e Trettu. Promontory on the Sant'Antioco lagoon also equipped with a large pine forest. 

Beaches

• 39.112178.437110 Punta Trettu beach. 
• Su Cadelanu or Su Caderanu beach. 

Events and parties

What to do

Shopping

How to have fun

Where to eat

Moderate prices

• 39.114078.520941 From Horace, Via Porto Botte 36, ☎ 39 0781 689600. Pizzeria. 
• 39.110948.523372 From Marino and Sabrina, Via Vittorio Emanuele 6, ☎ 39 0781 689625, 39 345 3576006. Tue-Sun 18: 00-22: 30. Pizzeria. 
• 39.109698.523483 From Tony, Via Roma 4 / C, ☎ 39 342 8418287. Pizzeria. 
• 39.118.521894 Be Strong, Via Pescatori 2, ☎ 39 0781 689729, 39 351 6889302. Mon 7: 00-13: 00; Tue-Sun 7: 00-1: 00. Drink & Food. 

Where stay

Moderate prices

• 39.119698.489841 Purple red, Location Is Loccis Santus, ☎ 39 0781 689415, 39 347 9497274, fax: 39 0781 689415. Holiday homes. 

Average prices

• 39.094018.537392 Holly, Via Location Company INPS, SS 195 km 95,300, ☎ 39 0781 68137, 39 328 2337612, @[email protected]. Farmhouse. 
• 39.114628.481583 Lose Rubia, ☎ 39 0781 699038, @[email protected]. Hotel restaurant. 

Safety

Useful numbers

• 39.109048.522632 Carabinieri, Via Pescatori, ☎ 39 070 9388022. 
• 39.108388.523823 Emergency medical Service, Via Bellini, ☎ 39 0781 68179. 

How to keep in touch

Post office

• 39.108858.524484 Post Office, Via Giuseppe di Vittorio 17, ☎ 39 0781 68012, fax: 39 0781 68023. 

Around

• 39.1450068.305455 Carloforte, onIsland of San Pietro
• 398.3833336 Island of Sant'Antioco
• 39.3371368.4125587 Porto Flavia mining site, to Masua
• 39.3097228.43258 Laveria Lamarmora, to Nebida
• 39.39758.40259 Buggerru

Other projects

• Wikipedia contains an entry concerning San Giovanni Suergiu
• Commons contains images or other files on San Giovanni Suergiu

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