| Termoli | ||
 | ||
| State | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Region | Molise | |
| Territory | Molise coast | |
| Altitude | 15 m a.s.l. | |
| Surface | 55.64 km² | |
| Inhabitants | 33.739 (2015) | |
| Name inhabitants | Termolesi | |
| Prefix tel | 39 0875 | |
| POSTAL CODE | 86039 | |
| Time zone | UTC 1 | |
| Patron | San Basso; St. Timothy (August 4) | |
Position
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| Institutional website | ||
Termoli is a city of Molise.
To know
By population it is the second largest city in Molise after the regional capital Campobasso, and is the most important city in the Molise coast of which it is the only port. It is also one of the offices of the University of Molise.
Background
The most ancient evidences of life date back to the prehistoric and Roman age and are documented by the finds of prehistoric necropolises in the Porticone and Difesa Grande districts, as well as by reconnaissance attestations of Roman villas. these should be located on the hills overlooking the coast, divided by streams. Probably, following the raids of the Barbarians and the moments of socio-economic crisis of the lower empire, the inhabitants of the places took refuge on the promontory - an easily defensible area, open to the sea, high, with a single access to the mainland.
The first evidence of permanent settlement is the construction of the building on which the Cathedral was built in the form we see today in the 12th or 13th century. The first church probably dates back to the 10th century AD. The Cathedral, in addition to testifying the presence of a bishop and therefore of a diocese, is also the fulcrum of the Borgo, a place towards which roads and streets converge.The presence, in addition to the sacred building, also of the Castle, perhaps wanted by Frederick II as a lookout tower on the Adriatic (not entirely different in functions from the turrets aligned along the SS 16 north of Termoli) denotes a period of splendor around the 12th and 13th centuries AD
The Turkish invasions with looting and devastation (including that of Piyale Paşa), earthquakes, changes of ownership between dynasties and noble families marked a moment of decline that lasted until about 1770. In 1847 with the passage of Ferdinand II to Termoli, the inhabitants of Termoli were allowed to build also outside the city walls: the Bourbon king gave the authorization to trace the two directions that would mark the beginning of the development of the city - known as the Corso (Corso Nazionale) and the Second Corso (Corso Fratelli Brigida), then flanked by the Third Corso (Corso Vittorio Emanuele).
How to orient yourself
Termoli: full screen map.The town today extends along the coast and inland, but its driving force is the promontory on the Adriatic Sea, home to the characteristic Old village, topographically divided from the rest of the city by the retaining walls and the castle.
The ancient part of the city is mainly characterized by the Swabian Castle (used as a symbol of the city itself), the Cathedral located in Piazza Duomo, the Church of Sant'Anna and the Belvedere Tower. Of considerable importance is the former episcopal seminary located in Piazza S.Antonio, Piazza Vittorio Veneto with its palace and gardens, the War Memorial, the Sanctuary of Maria SS. della Vittoria in Valentino and the Church of the Madonna delle Grazie.
Termoli is in dispute with the municipality of Ripatransone for the primacy of the narrowest alley in Italy which, apparently, seems to be that of the municipality of Ascoli, (from 38 to 43 cm against the approximately 50 cm of the Termolese "rejecélle") even if recent measurements are bringing back the national primacy, and even European, in the city of Molise given that in some points of the narrow street the meter stopped at 33–34 cm.
Another dispute with the Marche it's about San Basso. The municipality of Cupra Marittima it too claims to be in possession of the true remains of the Saint.
How to get
By plane
- Pescara airport (Abruzzo International Airport), Via Tiburtina Km 229.100, ☎ 39 085 4324201.
- Naples Capodichino Airport (NAP), Viale F. Ruffo di Calabria, 80144 Naples NA, ☎ 39 081 7896111.
- Rome Fiumicino Airport (FCO), Via dell 'Fiumicino Airport, 320, ☎ 39 06 65951.
By car
A14 Adriatica motorway towards Pescara, exit at Termoli and continue on the SS 87 (Bifernina state road).
Autostrada del Sole A1 Rome - Naples, exit at Caianello, follow the signs for Isernia, for Campobasso, SS 17, take the SS 650 (Fondovalle Trigno) in the direction of San Salvo, take the A14 Adriatica motorway towards Bari, exit at Termoli and continue on the SS 87 (state road Bifernina) in the direction of Termoli.
A24 motorway Rome - L'Aquila, continue on the A25 motorway for Pescara, then take the A14 motorway, exit at Termoli and continue on the SS 87 (Bifernina state road) in the direction of Termoli.- From Campobasso take the SS 87 (Bifernina state road), continue on the SS 647, continue on the SS 87 (Bifernina state road) in the direction of Termoli.
A14 Adriatica motorway towards Pescara, exit at 
Autostrada del Sole A1 
A24 motorway 
- Port of Termoli, Harbor Master's Office - Via Calata del Porto, ☎ 39 0875 706484, fax: 39 0875 707336. Links with Tremiti Islands is Croatia.
- Tourist port of Pescara (Approximately 94 km).
On the train
It has its own railway station on the Adriatic ridge with connections to the main railway lines from Bologna, Rome is Bari.
It has its own railway station on the Adriatic ridge with connections to the main railway lines from By bus
The main public transport companies operating in the Molise area are the following:- Autolinee C.L.P. S.p.A., ☎ 39 081 5311707, 39 081 5312424, @[email protected]. Direct connection from Naples to Campomarino and Termoli
- Lariviera bus lines.
- SATI bus lines.
- Molise Trasporti bus lines.
The main public transport companies operating in the Molise area are the following:How to get around
What see
- 1 Swabian Castle. The castle characterizes with its profile the image of the old town of the city. Its construction is traced back approximately to the thirteenth century, a period in which Frederick II of Swabia designed a system of fortification of the south-eastern Italian borders up to Sicily.
- It is commonly called Swabian perhaps due to the restructuring, dating back to 1247, that Frederick II had it made after the destruction of the existing defenses by the Venetian fleet, an ally of Pope Gregory IX. The Swabian Emperor wanted the walls and the Castle to be restored, and planned new military installations.
- Over the centuries the castle has undergone various changes, especially for the adoption of firearms. During the recent restorations some graffiti dating back to the 16th century have been found, and some charcoal drawings left on the walls of the lower cistern in the period in which this was used as a Bourbon prison.
- In the first decades of the 1900s, consolidation works were carried out on both the walls and the ramparts. Following the damage suffered during the Second World War, further maintenance work was carried out. Since 1885 the Castle of Termoli has been listed among the national monuments and designated as a regional historical museum.
- It is almost certain that the current structure of the castle was built on an ancient central nucleus of Norman origins consisting of a square-plan building completely made of bricks and covered by a barrel vault. An ancient testimony of the original wall construction is found in a letter dated 1239 in which Frederick II allows the inhabitants of Termoli to hold a weekly market within the walls of the old castrum. At the end of the period 1241-1246 that of Termoli is mentioned among the castles of the Giustizierato di Monte Sant'Angelo.
- At that time the original building was most likely transformed into a regular plan typical of the Swabian period. The Castle consists of a tower that rests on a truncated square pyramid base. On the four corners of the base are grafted as many protruding cylindrical towers. The structure develops above all in height on the north side close to the sea. This allows us to understand, together with other architectural elements, that the castle had a lookout post but above all a defensive function. The portal was guarded by a drawbridge and a moat that extended on the north-east side. The lower part of the castle, which develops on a level slightly higher than the current road level, had a warehouse and storage function. It consists of four large rooms with a rectangular plan and barrel roof that develop around the Norman period structure. Currently a modern staircase connects the rooms on the ground floor with those on the first floor, in ancient times this function was performed by wooden structures.
- The upper part of the castle was used as a warehouse and residence, but above all it had a defensive role. The rooms on the first floor are in fact called "Corridor of the archers", they all have a rectangular plan, are covered by barrel vaults and are characterized by numerous loopholes that allowed archers and crossbowmen to hit enemies from above. On this floor the circular turrets develop and here, originally, the only access to the castle opened on the north-east side, where the shelves that were used to slide the ropes and winches of the drawbridge are visible.
- The terrace of the upper body still has the remains of stone corbels once used to support mobile scaffolding equipment and scaffolding for the plumbing shot. The castle, considered in the Swabian era the last outpost of the Puglia, underwent several structural changes over the centuries. With the advent of firearms the loopholes were partially transformed into arquebusiers. During recent works, a gunboat was found in the lower part of the belvedere tower at the level of the cliff that had to ensure the coverage of the western wall. When the castle lost its defensive function the same loopholes underwent a further transformation and became windows.
- Of particular interest are some charcoal inscriptions dating back to the eighteenth century found in the lower rooms of the castle which at that time were used as a prison. These are names, dates and in some cases the reasons for the incarceration. On the south-east wall we read "alla trasuta ... ammazzai". In 1902 the Swabian castle became a national monument and in 1909 the Navy placed a weather station on the highest part of the building. Today its rooms are used for exhibitions and musical reviews and the ancient walls are often the backdrop for civil weddings.
- 2 Cathedral of Santa Maria della Purificazione. It is the cathedral church of the diocese of Termoli-Larino; difficult to indicate a precise date of the first construction, even if some would suggest the presence of a cathedral already in the IX-X century .. It preserves the relics of San Basso and San Timoteo, patrons of the city, for which it is sometimes referred to as the Cathedral of San Basso ..
- The current building was built between the 12th and 13th centuries.
- It underwent some changes with the earthquake of 1464 and the Turkish attack of 1566. During other works in 1760 and 1962 the relics of San Basso and those of San Timoteo, patrons of the city, were found.
- 22 meters high, the facade consists of an older part enriched with workmanship, and an upper part dominated by the rose window.
- In the lower part there are seven arches, each different from the others and decorated with leaves and human figures while the central arch, larger than the others, has a portal with bundles of columns.
- The interior was brought to its original state, following the renovation works, which began in 1932. The plan of the Cathedral is basilica, with three naves and three semicircular apses with circular pillars.
- 3 Sinarca Tower (Saracen turret). It is located on the north coast near the Sinarca stream, from which it takes its name, in Colle della Torre. The turret, commonly known as the "Saracen Tower", has the shape of a truncated pyramid with a square base.
- It was built in 1575, after the Viceroy of Naples Don Pietro of Toledo, gave the order to build new sea towers throughout the kingdom, albeit with little success. It was then his successor, Duke l'Alcalà don Parafan de Ribera who reconfirmed the order for the general construction of coastal towers throughout the Kingdom of Naples. It took several years to build and in 1569 most of the towers designed for the Abruzzo and Capitanata coasts were completed.
- Currently the turret has been restored and is kept in excellent condition. The building is privately owned and there is a restaurant inside.
- It has a square plan, with scarp masonry and ramparts. The part of the top is decorated with battlements and corbels, typical of the Carolingian coastal towers.
Events and parties
- Feast of the patron saint San Basso.
3 and 4 August. The celebrations involve the carrying out of a procession on the sea; a fishing boat drawn by lot is richly decorated to transport the statue of the saint between the beaches of Rio Vivo and that of Sant'Antonio. On the way back, the procession continues ashore in the fishing village. On day 4 the statue is taken back to the cathedral. - Castle fire. in August. Historical re-enactment in costume of the landing of the Turks by Pialì Pascià, with the fireworks display of thecastle fire.
- Fish festival. Last weekend of August. Street-cooked fish tasting in the harbor area. At the same time, shows and outdoor entertainment are held.
- Altars of St. Joseph. March 18. It is one of the oldest traditions in the city. Altars are set up with offerings of first fruits in the old village.
- International folklore festival. It takes place along the Folklore staircase, at the foot of the ancient village and the entrance door to the old city.
3 and 4 August. The celebrations involve the carrying out of a procession on the sea; a fishing boat drawn by lot is richly decorated to transport the statue of the saint between the beaches of Rio Vivo and that of Sant'Antonio. On the way back, the procession continues ashore in the fishing village. On day 4 the statue is taken back to the cathedral.What to do
Shopping
In its territory an excellent olive oil is produced; Termoli is part ofNational Association City of oil.
How to have fun
Where to eat
Average prices
- 1 Da Nicolino Restaurant, Piazza Castello, 7, ☎ 39 0875 703676.
- 2 Osteria Inside The Walls, Via Federico II di Svevia, ☎ 39 339 5024932.
- 3 Pizzeria restaurant Sognadoro, Via Duomo, 43, ☎ 39 0875 706442.
- 4 Federico II Restaurant, Via Duomo, 30, ☎ 39 393 1495740.
- 5 Sinarca Tower, State road 16, ☎ 39 0875 702160.
Gastronomy
The gastronomy of Termoli is typically seafood, but makes extensive use of the oil produced on the nearby hills. The typical dish par excellence is u 'bredette alla termolese, a fish soup, an evening meal for fishermen returning home from the fishing boats. Other typical dishes are:
- Pasta alla chitarra with cuttlefish and / or squid sauce;
- The fesille (fusilli with vegetable sauces in white or with tomato sauce);
- I secce (cuttlefish) and pisille;
- The pulepe 'mbregatorie (The octopuses "in purgatory");
- The trejje (mullet) alla 'ngorde (greedy);
- The trejjezzole (very small mullets);
- U pappòne (the pimp);
- A mertiscene (the torpedo);
- Tubettini with 'the maruzzelle (pasta [tubes] with sea snails);
- The pulepas curled up (octopus with olive oil in a pan);
- U splits;
- The Christmas shoes: leavened and fried bread dough;
- The cacate de ciavele: small balls of fried dough covered with honey.
The city is part of the National Association "City of Sea Fish" and of the National Association "City of Oil".
Where stay
Moderate prices
- 1 Sveva Residence, Piazza Duomo, 11, ☎ 39 0875 706803. 2 star hotel
Average prices
- 2 Meridiano hotels, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo, 52, ☎ 39 0875 705946.
- Camping
- 3 Azure, S.S.16 Europa 2, Km 538, ☎ 39 0875 52404, fax: 39 0875 52163, @[email protected].
Safety
Pharmacies
- 1 Caruso, Via delle Querce, 1 F, ☎ 39 0875 751898.
- 2 Central, Corso Umberto I, 36/38, ☎ 39 0875 702492.
- 3 D'Abramo, Piazza Garibaldi, snc, ☎ 39 0875 706769.
- 4 Marine, National Course, 21, ☎ 39 0875 706234.
- 5 Spagnoletti, Via Molise, 74, ☎ 39 0875 703846.
- 6 Overflow, Via Tevere 48 / M, ☎ 39 0875 705030.
How to keep in touch
Post office
- 7 Italian post, Corso Mario Milan 27, ☎ 39 0875 721226.
- 8 Italian Post - Termoli 1, via Madonna delle Grazie 51 / F, ☎ 39 0875.
- 9 Italian Post Office - Termoli 2, via degli Oleandri 5, ☎ 39 0875 726050.
Keep informed
The radios broadcast from Termoli Adriatic antenna is TRT Radio Termoli and the editorial offices of some local televisions (Rai Molise, Telemolise, TLT Molise is Molise Teleregion). The newspapers are also based The Daily of Molise, Time Molise, Molise first floor and local information websites:
Around
- Larino - City with a remarkable past, it boasts a beautiful medieval village; its cathedral is among the best monuments of Molise. After Termoli it is the most important center of attraction in the Molise coast.
- Vast - The old town, high above the sea, retains a beautiful historic center; the new city develops on the marina, where bathing activities and tourist settlements are flourishing.
- Guglionesi - The historic area enclosed in the ancient village has a triangular medieval layout that develops along the three main axes connected by a network of alleys. The center, which can rightly be considered one of the best preserved in Molise, is characterized by squares, arcades, portals made using local stone.
- Tremiti Islands - They are administratively part of the region Puglia, but they have a close connection, from a tourist point of view, also with the Molise coast. From Termoli in fact regular maritime connections with the Tremble, which can also count on shipping lines from Vast in Abruzzo and from Rodi Garganico in Puglia.
