| location | |
 | |
| flag | |
 | |
| Short dates | |
| Capital | Tehran |
|---|---|
| Form of government | Islamic Presidential Republic |
| currency | Iranian Rial (IRR) |
| surface | 1.648 million km² |
| population | 82 million |
| languages | Persian |
| Religions | More than 98% Muslims (of which approx. 90% Shiites, 10% Sunnis), 1.63% Christians, 0.19% Zoroastrians, 0.12% Jews |
| Connector system | 230 V / 50 Hz, plug type C |
| Phone code | 98 |
| Internet TLD | .ir |
| Time zone | CET 2.5h |
 | The Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany has one for this country Partial travel warning released (Web link). Travel to the east of the province of Kerman and Sistan-Balochistan as well as to the border areas of Iran with Pakistan and Afghanistan is strongly discouraged. Unnecessary individual or trekking trips to the Kurdish areas in northwestern Iran, especially along the Turkish and Iraqi borders, are generally not recommended. Date of last travel warning: 04/23/2019. |
The Iran is a country in near East. The official name is "Islamic Republic of Iran" (pers .: Jomhouri-e Eslami-e Iran). It borders in the north Armenia, Azerbaijan, the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan, in the east Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south to the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf and to the west to the Iraq and the Turkey.
Regions
The country of Iran consists of 31 provinces. For a better overview, it can be roughly divided into the following regions:
AzerbaijanThe Azerbaijan region is located in northwestern Iran on the border with Iraq, Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan. In contrast to the current state of Azerbaijan, the region corresponds to the area of historical Azerbaijan as it is known from medieval sources. Ardabil, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan
Caspian provincesSeveral provinces border the Caspian Sea and enjoy a completely different climate than the rest of Iran. In the lowlands and on the slopes of the Elbursgebirge it rains regularly with high humidity. The landscape is very green. Provinces: Māzandarān, Gilan, Golestān
Central IranThe Iranian highlands lie in the rain shadow of the surrounding mountains and therefore have a very dry climate. Tehran, Qom, Fars, Kerman, Yazd, Isfahan, Semnān
Western IranProvinces: Alborz, Hamadān, Lorestān, Kermanshah, Ilam, Kordestān, Markazi, Qazvin, Tschahār Mahāl and Bakhtiyāri, Zanjan, Chuzestān, Kohgiluye and Boyer Ahmad
KhorasanThe Khorasan region lies in the east of the country on the border with Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. The provinces make up the southwestern part of the historical region of Khorasan, which extended over several countries in Central Asia. North Chorāsān, Razavi-Chorāsān, South Chorāsān
BaluchistanBaluchistan is located in the southeast of Iran and borders Afghanistan, Pakistan and the Persian Gulf. Provinces: Sistan and Balochistan
Gulf coastProvinces: Bushehr, Hormozgān
Cities
| Map of Iran |
- Tehran - Capital with approx. 12 million inhabitants
Other goals
background
Iran has been an Islamic republic since April 1, 1979, after the western-oriented Shah (king) was overthrown. The clergy governs dictatorially, there are elections, but only candidates who conform to the government are admitted. Since the mullahs (Islamic clergy) like to interpret the Koran literally, the traveler has to reckon with some restrictions (ban on alcohol, compulsory headscarves, ...).
Iran is a multi-ethnic state: a little more than half of the population are Persians, and Azeris, Kurds, Lurs, Arabs, Baluchi, Kashkai, Turkmen and others live in Iran; the population growth is approx. 1.8%.
getting there
Entry requirements
A visa is required to enter the Islamic Republic of Iran (€ 60). This is done by the Embassy in Berlin, Bern, Geneva and Vienna and the consulates general Frankfurt / Main, Hamburg and Munich exhibited. The procedure only takes 1 to 2 weeks. At the beginning of 2019, € 50 will be charged for tourists and € 60 for business travelers. Express visas for tourists within one day cost a 50% surcharge. There is also the option of one eVisa to apply. The processing time is given as ten working days.
One must also be submitted Booking reference number, which can be obtained from an Iranian travel agency for a fee (duration 1-3 weeks) or if you initiate an eVisa application and then present the corresponding confirmation in person at the local consular department.
Visa on arrival
It is available at the following international airports: Ahvaz, Bandar Abbas, Isfahan, Kerman, Kish, Larestan, Mashhad, Qeshm, Shiraz, Tabriz, both airports in Tehran, Urmia and in the cargo port (not the Ferry port) by Bandar Abbas, Shahid Rajaee. In any case, you must bring proof of hotel booking and insurance.
This relief does not apply at land borders and does not apply to nationals of “rogue states” such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Great Britain, Columbia, Canada, Somalia and the USA. Entry will be denied to Israeli citizens and people with Israeli entry stamps! This also applies to people who have products from Israel or with them written in Hebrew. No more stamps or stickers have been affixed to passports since November 2018.
Most European citizens have the option of obtaining a 30-day visa upon arrival at one of the international airports (cost € 60, can be time-consuming). For some time now, the Iranian consulates general in Germany have expressly recommended applying for a visa upon arrival. However, it cannot be ruled out that the visa will be refused without giving a reason and that travelers will be sent back. It is helpful to have an invitation or booking confirmation, preferably with a telephone number that can be reached at any time (e.g. mobile phone). Officially, one must also be able to provide proof of travel health insurance abroad; However, this does not seem to be consistently demanded for European travelers. It happens that if the word “Iran” is not explicitly mentioned in the policy (“worldwide” is not enough), additional insurance must be purchased at the airport. This cost € 14 in Tehran at the end of 2018.
If you have applied for an eVisa at least two days in advance but have not yet received it and you present the printout of the confirmation, this speeds up the process. You can already on-line Check the processing status, but this procedure is also unreliable.
Special regulations
Visa-free tourist entries are possible for 14-day stays in the free trade zones of Arvand, Macaws, Tschahbahar (چابهار) in Balochistan as well Maku near the Azerbaijani border.
A similar rule applies to the islands Kish and Qeschm. Even rogue nationals (British, Canadians, US-Americans) are allowed to enter here if their arrival is announced 48 hours in advance and they are picked up by an approved tour operator, proof of accommodation and other documents are presented.
Stay extensions
Residence extensions can be obtained from the Aliens Police (Gendarmerie) of the provincial capitals. Waiting times and the procedure seem to depend heavily on local conditions and the daily routine of the officials (Isfahan is considered to be particularly chaotic in 2018).[1] The requirements in common are: 2 passport photos (women with Hijab), 2 copies of the photo and visa page of the passport. A maximum of two 30-day extensions will be granted. The fee (March 2017: 37500 Toman) is at the closest branch of Bank Melli Iran to pay in, then bring the receipt to the official (note: banks across the country close at 1.30 p.m.). If you arrive early at the office, the process must almost always be completed on the same day. Applications are often only accepted three days before the visa expires. Self-drivers need additional stamps for their vehicle documents.
inch
Import allowances: “Appropriate amounts” of tobacco products (200 cigarettes or 50 cigars) and perfume. Alcohol is and remains forbidden. Gifts up to US $ 100, cash in foreign currencies over US $ 10,000 must be registered, there are hardly any controls. The local currency can be brought up to ½ million rials (that is around € 3 at the black market rate in January 2019).
The importation of books and magazines critical of the government is usually problem-free, provided that there is not too much bare skin visible. Dogs and cats may only be brought in with difficult-to-obtain prior approval. Certain reliefs apply to guide dogs or similar and if you fly with certain Central European airlines with an animal passport, rabies vaccination, etc. Clarification on a case-by-case basis in advance is essential.
Export: A permit is required for antiques and old books. This also applies to carpets with a value of more than € 150. In any case, you should keep the invoice (possibly corrected downwards by the dealer). The maximum amount for gold is 150 grams, three kilos for silver. Also note the EU customs exemption limit of € 430 and the caviar import restriction on a container with a maximum of 125 grams.
By plane
The cheapest flights with a change in Istanbul or Dubai offer Turkish companies.
In There are two airports in Tehran: Mehrabad Airport (directly in Tehran) and Imam Khomeini Airport (IKA, 45 minutes outside the city). Almost all international flights depart from IKA, while most domestic connections depart from Mehrabad Airport.
There is an airport in Shiraz Shahid Dastghaib International on the southeastern outskirts.
The Isfahan International Airport is northeast outside the city.
By train
Arriving by train via the Turkey of Istanbul is with the once a week Trans Asy-Train possible. Of Van from Eastern Turkey to Tabriz also runs a train once a week. Trains pass through the border station Razi. More information and times can be found at the Turkish state railway company TCDD.
Out Nakhchivan since 2016 twice a week Mashad.
The direct connection Baku ↔ Astara ↔ Mashad ↔ Tehran, has been planned since mid-2018. So far you have to get off at the Azerbaijani border and cross it conventionally.
By bus
The inter-city bus network is very well developed, as most Iranians still travel by bus. Entry by bus is possible across any national border.
On the road (motorcycle, car)
Entry by land is possible. Entry with your own vehicle requires a Carnet de passage and patience. If this is not the case, temporary importation is possible through an agency upon entry, which costs US $ 700 fee (all inclusive) at the end of 2018. Iranian license plates no longer need to be bought.
Important border crossings are:
- Turkey at the border crossing at 1 Gürbulak / Bazargan بازرگان(39 ° 24 '44 "N.44 ° 22 ′ 40 ″ E)
- Turkmenistan at
- Badj-Giran
- Sarakhs
- Loftabad
- pole
- Armenia at 2 Agarak Ագարակ / Norduz نوردوز(38 ° 51 '4 "N.46 ° 12 '5 "E)
- Pakistan at 3 Mirjaveh میرجاوه / Kuh-i-Taftan کوہِ تفتان(28 ° 58 ′ 54 ″ N.61 ° 32 '3 "E)
- Several land border crossings to Kurdistan Autonomous Region.
Motorcycles over 250 cubic centimeters are normally not permitted in Iran. Exceptions exist for tourists and Iranians whose motorcycles were in their possession before 1979. The curiosity is correspondingly great when you are traveling with a larger machine. Since July 2018, entry with vehicles from American manufacturers has also been possible Carnet de passage forbidden.
Fuel supply
The previously required fuel cards have been abolished, and the supply of diesel will also be problem-free in 2018.
By bicycle
Entry by land is possible without any problems at the border crossings listed above.
By boat
There are regular international ferry connections
- Dubai (Port Rashid) ↔ Bandar-e-Langeh. One fast (4¼ hours) and one slow ship (5-6 hours) at the end of 2018 no freight, so that self-drivers with a car:
- Sharjah (Port Khalid) ↔ Bandar Abbas need to use. This runs 2-3 times a week with a twelve-hour drive.
mobility
Road traffic
One can euphemistically describe the traffic as exotic, unconventional and individual. Overtaking maneuvers are possible as long as the road is wide enough. That could mean three or four vehicles next to each other. The old principle also applies: “Where there is a will, there is also a way.” With a little composure and adjustment, you can get through well. The traffic on Fridays is particularly brisk, as numerous citizens go on their “Sunday excursion”. The road network itself is well developed and in good condition.
Buses, trains and taxis
The Bus network in Iran is very well developed and there are regular connections between the larger cities and at least one daily connection between the smaller cities of the country. There are two bus classes, the older Mercedes buses and the more expensive but more comfortable Volvo buses with air conditioning. Nevertheless, the prices for Volvobuses are very cheap for Western European standards, so you pay for a trip in a Volvobus from Mashhad to Tehran (approx. 14 hours) less than 10 euros. It is advisable to reserve the ticket for the buses, as overcrowding is usually not accepted. The tickets can be reserved at the bus stations, or some bus companies operate offices in the larger cities, where reservations are also accepted. On longer journeys, the bus stops every few hours so that a meal or a snack can be taken.
Between cities that are close to each other and from Tehran towards Caspian Sea frequent Minibuses, which are a bit more expensive than the buses that travel the same route. The minibuses usually leave when the bus is full.
There are also frequent trips between cities that are close to each other Shared taxis (Savari). The principle here is that everyone pays a seat. If you take the taxi alone, you pay as much as the taxi would have brought in when fully occupied. As a tourist, the passenger seat is often offered, but it is usually twice as expensive as a seat in the back row. Savaris have the advantage that they are a lot faster than buses, but they cost a lot more. Savaris usually wait near bus stations where drivers call out their destination. The Savari starts as soon as it is full.
The Railway network of Iran is quite wide-meshed and connects all parts of the country with each other, there are even some new railway lines being planned. More information at RAJA, where in Farsi you can get an overview of the route network and travel times.
Inside the cities There is a good bus system, but it is difficult for tourists to use as the buses are only described in Farsi. You buy bus tickets in advance at small ticket kiosks and give the ticket to the bus driver when you get off.
Are easier to use Taxis. Usually they are Shared taxis and operate on fixed routes, but it is possible to rent the taxi alone (you say "Därbäst" (in German "with the door closed") to the driver), but then you pay as much as the taxi would have brought in when fully occupied . To take a shared taxi, stand on the side of the road. The taxi drivers will identify you as a potential customer and will slow you down just enough so that you can call your destination into the window. If the destination is on its route, the taxi brakes to let you get in; if not, you have to try the next taxi. A trip in a shared taxi rarely costs more than 500 toman (50 euro cents), except in Tehranwhere the price level is higher. There are official taxi companies in the cities, but in principle any car can become a taxi, and it is not uncommon for motorcyclists to try to earn a little extra.
An important note on the use of shared taxis in the cities. You should avoid telling the driver the exact address as far as possible, until you have said it, he has long since left. It is better to indicate an intersection, a monument, a sight or simply say "mostaghim" (straight ahead), this can be very useful, because many main streets in Iran are long, straight streets that cut through the city.
It is common for private cars to stop on the side of the road to pick you up. Partly out of interest, partly out of willingness to help and sometimes also to earn money. However, caution is advised. It is officially forbidden for strange men and women to be alone in a car. Which means women shouldn't get into a car with one or more men unless they have a companion with them. Because compliance with this law is strictly monitored by a dedicated police force. This does not apply to drivers who have a license to take with them (i.e. taxi drivers or Ajanc drivers).
In the larger cities there are also private taxi companies which are briefly Agance to be named. This is not a taxi in the classic sense, but a rental car with its own chauffeur, which you can order over the phone. It is possible one Aganci pre-order for a certain period of time. The Agance service is more expensive than a regular taxi but is often preferred as the cars are better maintained and therefore safer and pick up the guest right on the doorstep. In addition, the person ordering is the only guest in the car; no other passengers are taken along on the way. The car can only be rented with a driver. These are not necessarily limousines, but normal private cars. In contrast to the taxi, the drivers of the Agance service can also be used as tour guides or shopping help. You are not paid by km but by the time you spend and are not tied to the car.
In the Use of public transport Care should be taken to ensure that no man sits next to a woman who is not related to him. In the city buses it is even the case that the men sit in the front of the bus while the women sit in the back of the bus. In order to hand over the bus ticket to the driver, the women have to get out and hand the ticket to the driver through the front door, but they are not allowed to stand on the step. The principle is reversed when it comes to a bus driver. Then the women sit in the front and the men in the back. In principle, no woman should sit next to a man who is not related to her in a taxi, but in practice this is not so strictly handled.
In Tehran there is also a Subway infrastructure, a ticket costs 2500 rials (20 euro cents). There are also day tickets for 4,500 rials, 3-day tickets for 9,000 and weekly tickets for 17,000 rials. The "Metro" is very clean, modern and well organized. The first and last carriages are reserved exclusively for women, but it is quite common for women to use the other cars. However, a man never goes into a women's car .
The first metro / monorail is scheduled to open in Qom in 2019.
language
Official language Farsi (Persian), Aseri (Turkish), Kurdish, Masandarani, Gilaki. Many dialects are also spoken, such as Yazdi, Isfahani, Balochi, Lori. One can only hope to a limited extent for knowledge of English. Some Iranians speak English very well and a few also German, the majority, on the other hand, do not even have rudimentary knowledge.
shop
Official exchange rate: € 1 = 47433 rial (﷼) = 4743Toman. (As of April 2019)
Street rate ("black market"): € 1 = 248,000 rials (﷼) (as of July 2020; current, in Toman), although US dollars (series after 1996) are more popular here.
In May 2020 it was decided to officially convert the currency into Toman rename. The exchange of rials for new tomans at a ratio of 10,000: 1 should take place by 2022.
The currency can also be exchanged in Germany, but the exchange rate in Iran is much better. In hotels, euros and dollars are often accepted as means of payment. Credit cards (including the German Postbank Sparcard) did not work because of the US sanctions. This also applies to ATMs! Sufficient cash must therefore be carried with you.
If you really want to pay with plastic, you can go to Bank Pasargad or Bank Melli Iran one limited to the duration of the visa Tourist Card purchase with credit, which does not seem to make sense because of the difference to the street rate.
One should know that Iranians prices almost always in Toman where one toman is equivalent to ten rials. If in doubt, you should ask again whether you are talking about toman or rial.
“Weekend” at authorities and banks is Thursday and Friday. When buying souvenirs, please note that antiques may only be exported with permission.
Coins and banknotes
Coins are only labeled with numbers in Farsi.
Normal banknotes, these are the ones with that Khomeini portrait (invalid notes), are called Rial i.e. their printed value is usually one tenth of the stated price in Toman. Still there is Iran Check called banknotes. To add to the confusion, these exist in two series. The one from 2014 only printed the rial value. The new from 2018/9, however, only shows the value reduced by 1: 10000 on the front, then the rial amount on the top right of the back. I.e. the check from January 2019 with the value 50 corresponds to 500.000 Rial! There are pictures on the Central Bank website.
kitchen
In every city one becomes Kababis who have one thing in particular, namely various kebabs on offer. Kebabs are served as skewers, with a serving of rice. There are also restaurants in many cities that offer an Iranian version of pizza, as well as many stalls selling sandwiches or hamburgers. In the tea houses you can often order tea and water pipe as well as a dizi, a kind of soup with vegetables that is eaten with flatbread. Many better restaurants offer a wide variety of Iranian dishes as well as the specialty of the respective city / region - especially on a tour you can get to know the diversity of Iranian cuisine. Breakfast often consists of flatbread with cheese, honey or jam. The flatbread can be divided into different types. For example, one of the best is sangak, which is crispy, fresh and consumed very warm.
Alcoholic beverages such as alcoholic beer and wine are not permitted in Iran. Instead, you can find non-alcoholic beer here. A specialty is lightly salted drinking yoghurt diluted with water, which is sometimes served with ice cubes.
nightlife
Going out in Iran is very limited.
There are cinemas in every city that show almost exclusively Iranian productions (without subtitles). There are also theatrical performances in many cities. There are no discos in Iran.
The Iranians' exit essentially consists in visiting relatives. The picnic is very popular in Iran, especially on Friday evenings (the Iranian weekend is Thursday and Friday) the parks are full of families picnicking, very nice in Imam Square Isfahan. The tea rooms (Tschai-khane), where tea and water pipes are offered, are also a popular meeting point. Certain more upscale restaurants have live music.
accommodation
Converted prices are because of the Exchange rate situation not possible. Prices in Tehran are significantly higher than in the rest of the country. In the summer resorts on the Caspian Sea, advance bookings for the numerous holiday apartments are essential. Prices can quadruple at the time! In larger cities there are so-called middle-class tourist accommodations (mehmansara jahangardi), where at least one employee speaks a foreign foreign language. Especially for men there are sometimes very rudimentary communal accommodations with dormitories (and outhouse), the so-called Mosaferkhaneh.
Especially during the 14-day school holidays after the Iranian New Year celebrations Nouruz (Spring equinox, between March 19 and 22), many hotels and practically the entire coast of the Persian Gulf are fully booked. Since tourism is booming more and more, the hotel capacities are being reached more and more often, which is the reason for often very high prices, but the hotel standard does not keep up with the increased prices. In any case, the hotels are all clean and very friendly.
camping
There are no real campsites. Especially in areas used for tourism by Iranians, such as lakeside promenades, it is not uncommon for you to simply pitch your tent in a parking lot where this is permitted. Usually there are rudimentary washing facilities and (not necessarily functioning) power supply. In some places a guard collects a small fee. There are no security problems.
public holidays
| meeting | Surname | importance |
|---|---|---|
| February 11th | Islamic Revolution Day | National holiday |
| 19th March | Nationalization of oil production | |
| March 21st | Nouruz | Iranian New Year, four days |
| April 1st | Day of the founding of the Islamic Republic | National holiday |
| 1st of May | Labor Day | |
| 1. (April 12, 2021) - 30. (May 12, 2021) | Ramadan | Islamic month of fasting |
Islamic holidays are based on the lunar calendar and shift every year. Religious holidays include the anniversary of the birth (October 19, 2021) and death as well as the ascension to heaven of the Prophet Mohammed, the anniversary of the death of Imam Khomeini, the birthday of the 12th Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, and the anniversary of the death of Imam Ali.
security
Traveling to Iran is basically as safe as to any other tourist country! Other related reports are long out of date and in need of renovation. There is no security risk (neither for women nor for Jewish people - all Abrahamic religions enjoy extensive religious freedom. This also applies to homosexuals as well as political or religious minorities, if not only general but also some special precautionary measures are observed:
- Do not leave luggage unattended, don’t wear jewelry (what did he lose while traveling?) Or splurge on money - even if pickpocketing is not more common than elsewhere.
- Never give your passport or identity card out of your hands (in many hotels, especially in Isfahan and Tehran, however, it is required that the passport be deposited at reception to protect against theft).
- Do not come into conflict with Iranian law (especially alcohol and drugs of any kind, the penalties are very high). Sexual relationships are only allowed in marriage. Homosexual acts are punishable by law. According to the Iranian understanding, indecent behavior is severely punished; sometimes it is punishable by the death penalty.
- No religious practice of a “non-Muslim religion” in public.
- Dress appropriately, women with covered shoulders, arms and legs and with a headscarf, men with shirts or T-shirts, under no circumstances shorts (the dress code is no longer so rigorous: T-shirts and skinny jeans are popular with the locals To see young people everywhere, the headscarf "slips further and further back." (Depending on the current political situation, the situation can worsen again.)
- As a woman (unaccompanied by a man) you should be careful when talking to men, as certain men might consider you to be “fair game”. European women often make the mistake of smiling negatively to the "offer" or of discussing it with the man. Iranian women are more rigorous (and the men understand that too): go on and ignore the man - and under no circumstances smile.
As long as you stick to these rules, there will certainly be no problems and the Iranians will receive you warmly and warmly. These rules also help to avoid problems for tourists in Iran, as one tries very hard to get them and does not want any negative reports.
In the border region too Afghanistan as well as in the provinces Kerman and Sistan-Baluchestan there is an increased risk from smugglers and terrorist / criminal elements.
health
Tap water is safe to drink in the cities. However, you should - especially if you have a sensitive stomach - prefer to use bottled mineral water, which is available everywhere inexpensively.
In the extreme south (on the Gulf Coast), malaria occurs seasonally. It may be necessary to carry out appropriate prophylaxis here - tropical medicine institutes provide more information here.
Climate and travel time
The best time to travel is spring and autumn. Temperatures vary depending on the area. It is cooler in the north than in the south. The Persian Gulf has a tropical climate while on the Damavand in the north there is snow all year round. To visit Tehran, Isfahan and Shiraz, April is recommended for Europeans with temperatures around 25 to 30 ° C.
behaviour rules
Iran is an Islamic republic, in which everything - also in daily life - according to the Islamic law, the Sharia is regulated.
Women must wear a headscarf and a wide coat that covers their arms and knees in public (i.e. outside their own hotel room). A full body veil (Chador) is not necessary and is by no means common in the cities, even among Iranian women.
Men should wear long trousers and avoid sleeveless shirts. But normal short-sleeved shirts are not a problem.
In general, clothing plays a bigger role in Iran than it does here. Those who are properly dressed are shown more respect than those who look like they haven't washed in three weeks.
Political discussions in public should be avoided if possible, in order not to embarrass the Iranian interlocutor. Anyone who has been to Israel before should also refrain from reporting on it.
Alcohol is officially banned, but it is good to get on the black market. As a tourist, however, you should refrain from doing this for the few weeks of your trip, because the police don't understand jokes with drunk foreigners.
Under Iranian law, sexual relations between unmarried people are illegal. Deshalb sollten sexuelle Annäherungen insbesondere zu Iranerinnen unterbleiben - die männliche Verwandtschaft könnte sehr ungehalten werden.
Bei Reisen von unverheirateten Paaren werden in der Regel keine Probleme auftreten, so lange man diskret ist. Allenfalls kann einem einmal die Übernachtung in einem gemeinsamen Hotelzimmer verwehrt werden - dies passiert allerdings gewöhnlich nur auf dem Land.
Homosexualität ist ebenfalls illegal und kann sogar mit der Todesstrafe geahndet werden. Für Ausländer gilt hier das gleiche wie bei heterosexuellen Paaren: Sexuelle Beziehungen zur Iranern sollten unterbleiben, gemeinsam reisende Paare sollten diskret sein.
Practical advice
post
Päckchen ins Ausland müssen offen aufs Postamt gebracht werden. Der Inhalt und Paß des Versenders werden geprüft.
Mobilfunk
Anbieter mit Prepaid SIM-Karten, die 90 Tage nach dem letzten Gebrauch dann verfallen wenn zugleich das Guthaben unter 50000 Toman ist, sind Hamrah-e Aval (engl. Auskunft ☎ 9990) und Irancell (= MTN. ☎ 09377070000), die auch spezielle Touristenkarten mit einmonatiger Gültigkeit bieten. Preise sind etwa zwanzig Prozent höher und die Abdeckung schlechter als bei Hamrah-e Aval. Seit einer Gesetzesänderung im Oktober 2017 ist es für Ausländer schwierig geworden die Karte und das Telephon (d.h. dessen IMEI) zu registrieren, so dass man einen Iraner bräuchte, der es auf seinen Namen machen würde.[2]
Internet
Schafft man es in den Besitz einer Internet-SIM-Karte zu gelangen, sind die Preise (zum Schwarzmarktkurs) unschlagbar günstig. Anfang Dezember 2018 schlugen bei MTN 24 GB Daten mit € 2,20 zu Buche. Der LTE-Ausbau in Städten ist weit fortgeschritten (Karte Abdeckung MTN)).
„Schmutz und Schund“ des Internets, oft auch soziale Netzwerke oder Messenger werden von der CyberPolice blockiert. Ob eine Seite im Iran funktioniert kann man vorab prüfen. Es empfiehlt sich schon vor Einreise die Installation des Tor-Browsers (orbot am Smartphone) und eines VPN.
literature
- : Driving Culture in Iran: Law and Society on the Roads of the Islamic Republic. I. B. Tauris, 2016, ISBN 9781784534486 . “Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accidents worldwide and according to a recent UNICEF report, the current rate of road accidents in Iran is 20 times more than the world average.”
- : Inside Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran. OR Books, 2018, ISBN 9781944869663 .
- : Taste of Persia: A Cook’s Travels Through Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Kurdistan. Artisan, 2016, ISBN 9781579655488 .
- : Kleines Iran-Lexikon: Hintergrundwissen für das erfolgreiche Iran-Geschäft. Wiesbaden: Springer, 2019, ISBN 978-3-658-23697-7 .
- : Per Anhalter nach Indien: auf dem Landweg durch die Türkei, den Iran und Pakistan. Munich: Malik, 2018, ISBN 9783492404846 .
- : Architekturführer Iran: Teheran, Isfahan, Shiraz. Berlin: DOM, 2016, ISBN 9783869223926 .
- : Iran DuMont Kunst Reiseführer. DuMont Reiseverlag, ISBN 9783770133857 .
- : Couchsurfing im Iran: meine Reise hinter verschlossene Türen. Munich: Piper, 2017.
- : Gebrauchsanweisung für Iran. Munich: Piper, 2018.
- : Highlights Iran. Die 50 Reiseziele, die Sie gesehen haben sollten.. Munich: Bruckmann, 2018, ISBN 978-3734306631 .
- : Stefan Loose Reiseführer Iran. Stefan Loose, ISBN 978-3770178933 .
- : Silk Road: Central Asia, Afghanistan and Iran -- a travel companion. I. B. Tauris, 2015, ISBN 978-0-85773-926-1 .
- : Iran. Wurzburg, 2017, ISBN 9783800348282 . [Bildband]
- Landkarten
- Iran: waterproof, tear-resistant; physical relief mapping, places of interest; München 2017 (Nelles), 1:1750000, 101 x 50 cm, gefaltet
Web links
- PressTV Nachrichtenseite (engl.)
- Pars Today Nachrichtenseite (deutsch)
- ↑Gesammelte Berichte
- ↑Verfahren (engl.)