Kazakhstan - Kazahstan

KAZAKHSTAN (official name: Republic of Kazakhstan; in Kazakh Қазақстан, Qazaqstan) is a large area in northern and central Eurasia. It is the ninth country in the world by area and the largest landlocked country.

About

History

The territory of Kazakhstan was first occupied by nomadic tribes, who lived in the steppes of this area. These were conquered in the 13th century by the Mongols, who at that time were ruled by Genghis Khan. By the 15th century, the Kazakhs had formed three hordes, which continued to lead a nomadic life until the 19th century, when they were occupied by Russia.

On December 16, 1991, Kazakhstan was the last republic in the USSR to proclaim its independence.

Location

A small portion of the territory west of the river [[Ural (rFormat: Qu) | Ural]] is located in the eastern extremity of Europe. The main neighbors are Russia and China, and in the southwest it borders the countries of Central Asia: KYRGYZSTAN, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. It also has an important coastline Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan is the ninth largest country in the world, but due to the semi-desert steppe relief, it is one of the least populated countries with just under 6 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Kazakhstan is located almost entirely in Central Asia and stretches from Caspic Sea (in the west) until Altai mountains in the east. A very large part of its surface is covered by arid steppes. Kazakhstan ranks 62nd in the world in terms of population. Over the centuries, the territory of today's Kazakhstan was inhabited by nomadic tribes, only in the sixteenth century to assert itself as a distinct group, divided into three hordes. The Russians began to enter the steppes of Kazakhstan only in the eighteenth century, and by the middle of the nineteenth century the whole country was part of the Russian Empire. After the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War, Kazakhstan's territory was reorganized several times before it became the Socialist Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan in 1936 as part of the former U.R.S.S. During the 20th century, Kazakhstan was part of many Soviet projects, including serving as the main testing area for nuclear weapons.

Destinations

Cities

The capital of the state is Astana (775,800 loc.). But the biggest city is Alma Ata (1,328,368 inhabitants), the former capital of the state. Other cities: Cimkent (629,800 loc.), Karaganda (459,778 loc.), Taraz (398,233 loc.), Pavlodar (354,809 loc.), Öskemen (344,421 loc.), Semey (312,136 loc.), Aktobe (285,507 loc.), Oral (255,489 loc.).

Provinces

Kazakhstan is divided into 14 provinces.

Provinces of KazakhstanCapitalArea (km.²)Population
Akmolakokshetau121,400829,000
AktobeAktobe300,600661,000
Almaty(1)Almaty324.81,226,300
Almaty (province)Taldikorgan224,000860,000
Astana(1)Astana710.2600,200
Atirau ProvinceATIR118,600380,000
Baikonur(2)Baikonur5770,000
JambîlTaraz144,000962,000
East KazakhstanÖskemen283,300897,000
Northern KazakhstanPetropavl123,200586,000
South KazakhstanShymkent118,6001,644,000
West KazakhstanOral151,300599,000
KaragandaKaraganda428,0001,287,000
KyzylordaKyzylorda226,000590,000
KostanicKostanic196,000975,000
MangistauAktau165,600316,847
PavlodarPavlodar124,800851,000
Kazakhstan provinces.svg

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1 Entirely in Asia, but historically it is considered European· 2 Partly or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border· 3 Transcontinental state

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