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| Kielce | ||
| Voivodeship | Holy Cross | |
|---|---|---|
| Residents | 191.605 (2015) | |
| height | 260 m | |
no tourist info on Wikidata:  | ||
| location | ||
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Kielce is the one big city in southern central Poland and the capital of the voivodeship Holy Cross. The university town lies on the Silnica, a tributary of the Nida, at the foot of the Heiligkreuzgebirge. Historically, it belongs to Lesser Poland (Voidodschaft Sandomir) and was owned by the for a long time Cracow Bishops. In Poland it is particularly known as a trade fair city.
Districts
- Old town
- Baranówek
- Barwinek
- Bialogon
- Biesak
- Bocianek
- Bukówka
- Cedro Mazur
- Cegielnia
- Center
- Osiedle Chęcińskie
- Czarnów
- Dąbrowa
- Dobromyśl
- Domaszowice Wikaryjskie
- Dyminy
- Herby
- Jagiellońskie
- Karczówka
- Łazy
- Well Stoku
- Nowy Folwark
- Niewachlów
- Jana Czarnockiego
- Jana Kochanowskiego
- Ostra Górka
- Pakosz
- panorama
- Piaski
- Pietraszki
- Pod Dalnią
- Podhale
- Podkarczówka
- Pod telegraph
- Posłowice
- Sady
- Sandomierskie
- Sieje
- Sitkówka
- Skrzetle
- Słoneczne Wzgórze
- Słowik
- Szydłówek
- Ślichowice
- Świętokrzyskie
- Uroczysko
- Wielkopole
- Wietrznia
- Zacisze
- Zagórska
- Zagórze
- Zalesie
- Związkowiec
background
.jpg/220px-Msza_święta_w_Kielcach_z_udziałem_Legionów_Polskich_04_(1914).jpg)
According to the myth of its origin, Kielce was founded by Mieszko after he fell asleep on a meadow near a spring after a long hunt in the forests of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Saint Adalbert is said to have appeared to him in a dream and told him to build a church and settlement here. The name is said to be derived from the Polish word for flowers blooming in abundance on the meadow.
In fact, the originally Romanesque Adalbertskirche is the oldest church in the city, even if it appears today in its baroque form. Kielce was first mentioned in a document in 1081 and the Kraków bishops came to it around 1100. In 1171 the Collegiate Church built. Kielce received city rights in 1227. In the 13th century the city suffered from the Tatar invasion of Poland. However, she quickly recovered. In 1364 the city was re-established according to Magdeburg city law. In 1496 the city received its coat of arms from the cardinal and archbishop of Gniezno Friedrich Jagiello. The golden letters mean CK Civitas Kielcensis, in German citizenship of Kielce. With the development of iron ore mining in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Kielce grew rapidly in the 16th and 17th centuries. The city was shaped by the influx of Italians, Hungarians, Germans and Slovaks. During this time the city received an early baroque style Episcopal Palace, the Holy Trinity Church, a Bernardine monastery and a hospital. The Polish-Swedish War and the subsequent turmoil caused by looting and epidemics halted the positive development in the second half of the 17th century. In 1662 the town was occupied by the rebelled Polish troops who rose up against King John Casimir II. In 1789 Kielce passed from the Kraków bishops to the Polish Republic. Through the Third partition of Poland Kielce fell to the Habsburgs in 1795 and became an Galicia affiliated. In 1800 a devastating fire ravaged the city center. 1805 became the city Bishopric. In 1809 Kielce came to the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw and after the Congress of Vienna from 1815 as to the Russian Congress Poland. Kielce won against in 1816 Miechów, Pilica and Pińczów as a candidate for the new capital of Krakow Voivodeship, after the Republic of Krakow With Krakow was outsourced. In the same year the Mining University of Kielce founded. In 1828 the notorious tsarist was created jail for the politically persecuted. In 1837 the Evangelical Augsburg congregation in Kielce was closed Radome outsourced. The upswing at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century was particularly noticeable in Kielce through the connection to the Polish railway network in 1885. After the First World War, Kielce was re-established Poland Capital of the same name Voivodeship. After the German attack on Poland Kielce came to the General Government. In 1941 the SS judged the Jewish Kielce Ghetto a. Its residents were taken to the extermination camp in three large transports Treblinka deported. The surrounding Świętokrzyskie Mountains were an important center of Polish resistance, such as the Hubalczycy. In the course of the Vistula-Oder operation, Kielce was captured by the Red Army in early 1945 and again became the capital of the after the war Kielce Voivodeship In 1974 the Kielce University of Technology and in 1993 the University of Economics and Commerce Kielce founded. Jan Kochanowski University followed in 2011.
getting there
By plane
There are international airports in all six neighboring voivodships. Kielce itself does not have an international airport. The closest is near Krakow (Krakow Airport).
By train
Kielce is on a regional route from Warsaw to Krakow. The trains mainly serve local traffic. Most connections are with Krakow, Warsaw and Czestochowa. Once a day there are also direct connections to Hel above Danzig and Warsaw.
By bus
Regional buses go to Krakow, Warsaw and Lublin as well as the surrounding villages.
In the street
The Expressway S7 connects Kielce with Krakow and Nowy Targ in the south as well Warsaw and Danzig in the North. The expressway Expressway S12 leads north past Kielce and the Expressway S74 runs from Sulejów to the northwest via Kielce Nisko in the south East.
highway
The State road 73 leads from Kielce to Jaslo in the south. The State road 74 leads from Wieluń to the west via Kielce Hrubieszów.
Street voivodeship
The Voivodeship Street DW761 connects Kielce with Piekoszów, which Voivodeship Street DW762 With Małogoszcz, the Voivodeship Street DW764 with Tuszów Narodowy and the Voivodeship Road DW786 With Czestochowa.
mobility
The center can be explored quite easily on foot or by bike. 56 bus routes also serve the more distant parts of the city during the night.
Tourist Attractions
Palaces and palaces
- 1 Episcopal Palace.
Early baroque palace, now the National Museum.
- 2 Zieliński Palace.19th century palace.
- Laszczyk mansion. late baroque manor house from the 18th century.
- Karsch Palais. classicist palace from the early 19th century.
Churches
- Trinity Church. baroque church from the early 17th century.
- Karlskirche. baroque church from the early 17th century.
- Evangelical Trinity Church. neoclassical church from the early 19th century.
- St. Mary's Orthodox Church. Byzantine church from the early 20th century.
- Lady Chapel. neoclassical church from the early 19th century.
- Holy Cross Church. neo-Gothic church from the early 20th century.
Monasteries
- Bernardine monastery, on the Karczowka hill. early baroque monastery from the 17th century.
Synagogues
- Great synagogue. Synagogue from the early 20th century.
- Herszl Zagajski Synagogue
graveyards
- Old graveyard. from the late 18th century.
- Jewish Cemetery. from the 19th century.
Parks
- Italian garden. Early baroque palace garden of the Bishop's Palace from the 17th century.
- Staszic Park. Park from the early 19th century, named after Stanislaw Staszic.
Nature reserves
- Kadzielnia Nature Reserve. Nature reserve in the quarry.
- Biesak-Białogon nature reserve
- Karczówka Nature Reserve
- Ślichowice nature reserve, known after Jan Czarnocki
- Wietrznia nature reserve, named after Zbigniew Rubinowski
Monuments and memorials
- 5 Former prison.Prison from 1828 to 1956 was used by the Tsarist Empire, the National Socialists and the Stalinists to persecute political prisoners.
- Love memorial
- Nepomuk monument
- Staszic bust
Love memorial
Nepomuk monument
Staszic bust
Places
- Marketplace. Medieval market.
- Artist place. 19th century square.
- Freedom Square
- Marienplatz
Streets
- Sienkiewicz street. Created around 1820, buildings from the 19th century, today a promenade.
activities
The one nearby Heiligkreuzgebirge invites you to go hiking and winter sports.
Museums
- National Museum in the Bishop's Palace
David with the head of Goliath, Andreas Möller
Konstancja Wielopolska, Pierre Mignard
Escape to Egypt, Johann Liss
Risen Christ, David Teniers the Elder Younger ones
Susanna and the elders, Luca Giordano
- Toy museum
Toy museum
- Diocesan Museum
John the Merciful, Master of the Holy Tribe
- city Museum
city Museum
- Żeromski Museum
- Geological Museum
- Center of geology
- open air museum
- Prison museum
- Cathedral museum
theatre
- 1 Żeromski Theater
kitchen
Cheap
- Chochla Bar
- Pizza Pod Trójką
- Pizza Pacman
- Pizza Fast
- Saray kebab
medium
- GREEN Mała Restauracja
- Lemon tree
- Calimero Café
- Pieprz i Bazylia
- Solna 12
- Monte Carlo
- Cukiernia Dorotka
Upscale
- YAMI YAMI SUSHI
- Green Diet Buffet
- Grande Cozze
accommodation
Cheap
- Hotel Sill
- Apartamenty Lustrzany i Niebiański
- Hostel type
medium
- ibis Kielce Centrum
- Apartamenty Złota 15
- Hotel "TARA"
- Podomek
Upscale
- Hotel Bristol
- Hotel Versal
- Grand Hotel Kielce
- Binkowski Hotel
- Qubus Hotel Kielce
Hotel Bristol
Hotel Versal
security
It's pretty safe.
Practical advice
trips
Web links
- http://www.um.kielce.pl/ - Kielce official website
