Primiero San Martino di Castrozza - Primiero San Martino di Castrozza

Primiero San Martino di Castrozza is a municipality in the province of Trento.

To know

The name of Primiero San Martino di Castrozza itself comes from the fusion of the names of Primiero Fair (or Primiero valley) e San Martino di Castrozza, the two main localities among the former constituent municipalities. The name "San Martino di Castrozza" seems to derive from "castrum", as a Roman support camp during the conquest of the Alpine territories along the Via Claudia Augusta. Around 1000 the hospice, dedicated to Saints Martino and Giuliano, and the church, of San Martino bishop, which once made up the city, they joined the "San Martino" to "Castrozza", thus creating "San Martino di Castrozza".

Geographical notes

Primiero San Martino di Castrozza, like most of the municipalities in the Trentino, is a mountain town and rises on the Primiero valley, at the foot of the Pale di San Martino. The municipality is divided into various hamlets: the municipal seat, Fiera di Primiero, is located at 745 m.s.l.m. [9]. The highest fraction is San Martino di Castrozza, at 1450 m.s.l.m., while the lowest is Pieve, at 700 m.s.l.m. The main mountain groups around the municipality are the Pale di San Martino and the Lagorai chain.

The Primiero valley contains numerous streams, brooks, valley bottom lakes and mountain lakes. The main streams are the Cismon, the Canali stream, the Noana stream and the Vanoi. There are also mountain lakes, such as the Manna lake, the Colbricón lakes, the Calaita lake, the Pisorno lake and the Welsperg lake. Furthermore, the Paneveggio Lake.

When to go

The climate is warm and temperate, with significant rainfall throughout the year, even in January, the driest month. The month with the highest average temperature is July, with 19.1 ° C, while the month with the lowest average temperature is January, with -1.7 ° C.

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What see

• 46.17458311.8265561 Church of Santa Maria Assunta. There is no certain information on the origins of the church of Primiero Fair, because the related documents kept in the bishop's archive of Feltre were lost due to a fire, but the first documentation found dates back to 1206, in which the church was located in the center of the valley and the roads that came from Feltre and touched all the mountain villages of the Trentino. For years this was the main church of a vast territory, and all the other churches present in the Fiera area depended in all respects on this church. The church of Santa Maria Assunta had this central role on all the chapels in the area until about the sixteenth century, when some parishes began to obtain the curatial title, but only in the contemporary age were all the churches in the area completely independent. In 1460 the old church was destroyed, and in its place another one was built, which is the current one. On 17 May 1642 the bishop of Feltre Zerbino Lugo, during a pastoral visit to the presbytery of Primiero, elevated the parish church to archpriesthood. In 1661 the archpriesthood was assumed by Don Nicolò Inama di Fondo who held it for twenty-three years. With him the Church of the Madonna dell'Aiuto was also built. The parish of Fiera is the seat of the Primiero deanery.  
• 46.17672211.8288612 Church of the Madonna dell'Aiuto. The church was built by the will of the people, in the center of Primiero Fair between 1663 and 1668. The gabled façade, made of granite and decorated with a large mural, was rebuilt between 1948 and 1950. The bell tower, on the other hand, covered with bricks, was built in 1910. The interior is a rectangular hall covered by a pavilion vault, with a presbytery with a cross vault, occupied by an altar housing the painting of the Madonna dell'Aiuto.  
• Church of San Martino bishop. ocated in the historic center of Fiera di Primiero. It was probably built in the 12th century, then it was enlarged in the 16th. The church is characterized by numerous internal and external wall paintings. The gabled façade consists of an architraved portal surmounted by a painted pediment. Inside there is a single nave with exposed wall facing, ending with a semicircular apse. The coffered ceiling was built in 1674. On the sides there are buttresses and barbicans. The apse is divided by semi-columns with cubic capitals. The vertical bearing structures are characterized by a plastered stone masonry. The roof consists of two sloping roofs covered with tiles. The church, after presumably having been founded in the 12th century, was first mentioned in 1206. In the 13th century it was decorated with frescoes inside. In the 16th century the internal part was enlarged and other frescoes were painted both inside and outside the building. In 1674 a new ceiling was rebuilt, and at the end of the 19th century a large fresco by Leonardo Feldkircher was made in the southern flank. In 1953 the frescoes were restored and in 1982 the church was reopened to the public, after a further restoration. Then from 2002 to 2012 there was another restoration, where the roof was again redone.  
• Statue of the thinking Christ. The statue of the thinking Christ is located on the top of Castellazzo (2333 m), in the Pale di San Martino in Tonadico. Next to the statue there is also a large wooden cross. The statue was made by the sculptor Paolo Lauton while the cross by Pierpaolo Dellantonio, both originally from Predazzo. A CH 47 "Chinook" helicopter from the Italian Air Force brought the statue and the cross to the top. The statue and the cross are a destination for a trekking route, a route derived from a tradition of Polish faith. The statue was carved from a block of local white marble, the "predazzite", weighs 2500 kg and took 6 months of work to complete. The cross, on the other hand, weighs about 700 kg. 
• 46.17488311.8270813 Palace of mines. Built towards the middle of the fifteenth century in the late Gothic style, it was renovated in 1558 and later restored in 1988. The building houses a small ethnographic museum, organized on three floors. There are the rooms of the blacksmith, the saddler, the traveling chairmaker, the carpenter, the spinning and weaving, haymaking and cultivation, household items, and dairy sections. It is also possible to find material on the activity in the mines and on the works of the engineer Luigi Negrelli, primoerotto and designer of some European railways, in addition to the canal of Suez. In the past, Sigismondo, Archduke ofAustria and Conte del Tyrol, who had the palace built to make it the seat of the Bergrichter, the mining judge who supervised the mines and forests of Primiero.  
• Primierotta House (Canònega Vècia). The old parsonage of the parish, dating back to the fifteenth century, is made up of various rooms and typical primitive objects. 
• House of Food (Scopoli Palace). The Casa del Cibo is a sort of food museum set up inside Palazzo Scopoli, a Tonadico, and offers tastings and conferences on the cuisine and typical products of Primiero. The Palace was built in the 11th century as a granary-warehouse. Later it became the residence of the Captain of Justice and the Vicar of the Bishop of Feltre. Since 1273 the Statutes, the "rights" granted by the feudal lord to the community of the valley, are kept in the Palazzo. In 1329, with the passage of the territory to the Empire ofAustria, became the residence of the counts of Tyrol and subsequently of the Welsperg counts of Val Pusteria. They later left the building to move to Fiera. In 1500 the building was sold to the Scopoli, who embellished and enlarged it. Between the 19th and 20th centuries it became a sort of popular residence. Palazzo Scopoli has returned to being the administrative seat after the restoration completed in 2003. The building is characterized by the presence of two mullioned windows, frescoes and some stone portal. 
• Ecomuseum of Vanoi. The Vanoi ecomuseum is a museum that organizes various events and deals with various themes concerning nature. 
• Villa Welsperg. Built near the Welsperg lake and former residence of the Counts of Welsperg, it was built in 1853 and after being renovated and modernized, since 1996 it has been the headquarters of the Institution. Paneveggio Pale di San Martino Park and houses the administrative and technical offices and the Visitor Center. Villa Welsperg is made up of three buildings, the villa, the church and the barn, and the garden, on the edge of a large meadow-pasture. 
• 46.19008911.8608284 Castel Pietra. The castle dates back to the thirteenth century and was enlarged, up to the present form, during the fifteenth century. Today it is a private property but it is possible to visit it by making arrangements with the owners.  

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Moderate prices

• 46.3000511.784181 Segantini hut (Near Passo Rolle, between the Pale di San Martino). Refuge dedicated to Giovanni Segantini, a well-known landscape painter from Arch. The hut was built in 1936 by the artist Alfredo Paluselli who lived here in solitude for 35 long years, in contact with the forces of nature that inspired him in his pictorial and poetic creations. Paluselli built Baita Segantini by obtaining it from a centuries-old tabià di Bellamonte which he bought, disassembled, transported with the cart and rebuilt where the hut now stands. Before doing this he had to trace the road that still climbs up to it with a shovel and pickaxe, obtained from an old path dating back to the First World War. By diverting a small stream he also created a small pond right in front of the new building. His desire was to be able to admire his hut reflected in those waters together with the unique panorama of the Pale di San Martino and above all of her beloved Cimon della Pala.

The trek that leads to Baita Segantini is one of the most classic of all Dolomites, an easy trip that leads to fascinating places, the hut is famous for its history, for its incredibly panoramic position and for its centrality with respect to many beautiful routes. Starting from 1.984 m. of Passo Rolle the route leads in about forty minutes to the 2,200 m of Baita Segantini. During the climb you also pass through the suggestive Cervino hut. The aesthetically perfect image of the reflection of the hut in the waters of the small lake in front of the building, together with the unique panorama of the Pale di San Martino are one of the most famous and most photographed views of all the Dolomites. The refuge can also be reached from Val Venegia via the Val Venegia forest road, passing first from Malga Venegiota, which can be covered in 2 hours and from Malga Juribello, via an easy path, which can be covered in 2 hours. 

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