| Uzbekistan (Uzbekiston) | |
 | |
| Flag | |
 | |
| Information | |
| Capital city | Tashkent |
|---|---|
| Area | 447 000 km² |
| Population | 28 000 000 hab. (2010) |
| Density | 62,64 inhab./km² |
| Form of State | presidential regime |
| Cash | soum (UZS) |
| Electricity | 220 V/50 Hz, European plug |
| Telephone prefix | 998 |
| Internet suffix | .uz |
| Flow direction | Right-hand drive |
| Spindle | GMT 5 |
| Location | |
 41 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N 66 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | |
| Official site | |
THE'Uzbekistan (in Uzbek Uzbekiston, Ўзбекистон ; in RussianУзбекистан) is a country ofCentral Asia, frontier of Turkmenistan to the southwest, from Kazakhstan north of Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, from Tajikistan to the east andAfghanistan At the South-East.
Understand
Geography
With an area of 447,000 square kilometers (approximately the size ofSpain or the California), divided between the desert plain, basins and oases and dominated in the east by mountains, Uzbekistan stretches 1,425 kilometers from west to east and 930 kilometers from north to south. Border to the south-west of Turkmenistan, from Kazakhstan and the Aral Sea to the north, from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in the east, Uzbekistan is not only one of the largestCentral Asia, it is also the only one having a common border with the four others. Uzbekistan also shares a border withAfghanistan South.
With the Liechtenstein, Uzbekistan is the only state in the world to be doubly landlocked, that is to say that it is necessary to cross the borders of at least two other states to have access to the world ocean. Closed seas (Aral and Caspian) are obviously not taken into account in the world ocean.
Uzbekistan is a predominantly desert country where only 10% of the land is used by humans (intensive agricultural crops and irrigated valleys). Kyzyl-Koum, one of the most extensive deserts inCentral Asia, covers a large part of the territory of western Uzbekistan. Part of the Karakum Desert also crosses the country to the southwest.
Amu-Darya and Syr Darya are the most important rivers of Uzbekistan andCentral Asia and flow into the Aral Sea. The total length of the Amu-Darya is 1,437 km, that of the Syr-Darya is 2,137 km. To the northeast and to the south stretch the chains of Tian Shan and Hissar-Alai. The highest peak in the country is the Adelunga Toghi which culminates at 4,301 meters.
Story
Throughout its history, the territory of present-day Uzbekistan was mostly dominated by the surrounding great empires of Persians, Greeks, Arabs, Mongols or Russians to become a state in its own right in 1991.
The first civilizations to appear in Uzbekistan were in Sogdiana, Bactria and Khwarezm (Chorasmia). In the 6th century BC. These states became parts of the Persian Empire of the Achaemenids.
The country was taken by Alexander the Great in 327 BC. AD, while campaigning against Darius III. This conquest put an end to the Achaemenid dynasty. Between the IIIe century BC AD and the 2nd century AD, Sogdiana and Bactria fell into the hands of the Greco-Bactrian kingdom, the nomadic peoples of the Yuezhi, Scythians, Parthians and even Buddhist Koutches. Under these, the Sogdian town of Samarkand became a hub of the Great Silk Road enter here China and theEurope. Subsequently, between the IIe century and the VIe century, current Uzbekistan finds itself in possession of the Persian Sassanids, then the White Huns from the borders of China.
Uzbekistan is occupied by Turks (Köktürks) between the VIe century and the VIIIe century. The Arabs, led by the troops of General Qutayba ibn Muslim conquered present-day Uzbekistan around 712, whose authority was consolidated following the Battle of Talas. They established Islam among the Central Asian peoples who previously practiced Zoroastrianism.
The Samanids were the first dynasty Persian to regain power in Uzbekistan between 819 and 1005 after the Arab conquest.
The Turkish dynasty of the Qarakhanids, ancestors of Uzbeks modern, reigned over present-day Uzbekistan from the end of the IXe century until 1212.
After Genghis Khan
The great Mongolian conqueror Genghis Khan took Samarkand in 1220 by overthrowing the Khwârazm-Shahs whose reign was of very short duration. He then bequeathed the land of Transoxiana (Ma wara'un-Nahr) to his second son, Tchagataï.
Tamerlane (1336-1405)  Tamerlane |
The Chaybanids, a Mongolian Muslim dynasty, met in present-day Uzbekistan in 1429 under the name of Uzbek ulus (khanate). It was the first time that the term Uzbek appeared in history. It comes from the name of Özbeg, Mongolian prince of the XIIIe century that established Islam within the Golden Horde.
Russian conquest and Soviet times
The Russians arrived in the region at the end of the 19th century.e century, after a meteoric victory of the troops of General Mikhail Cherniaev. This victory was part of the rivalry between British and Russians in the region (Grand Jeu). The British were rushed. The Russians first subjugated the Khanates of Bukhara and Khiva in 1884, and then the eastern part of what is now Uzbekistan, including Tashkent (1865). The conquered territories were grouped together in an administrative unit called Turkestan. The region is still backward and one of the poorest in Central Asia, literacy rates are minimal and epidemics are wreaking havoc. In March 1876, the Khanate of Kokand in turn falls into the hands of the Empire Russian. They undertake infrastructure work (start of irrigation, road infrastructure, constructions, etc.) and bring in settlers.
Uzbekistan as a republic and as a unique and distinct nation owes its existence to theUSSR which forms this new territorial entity on , when various territorial entities of Turkestan (Soviet Autonomous Republic of Bukhara, Autonomous Republic of Khorezm, etc.) were united in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Uzbekistan. A few months later, the Uzbek SSR integrated theUSSR. The capital, Samarkand, was transferred to Tashkent in 1930.
During World War II, Uzbekistan welcomed several hundred thousand Soviet families evacuated from the west, including multiple war orphans, which accelerated the Russification of the republic, especially the capital. Tashkent. Part of the heavy industries of the European part of theUSSR was also evacuated there. These factories remained in Uzbekistan after the war, contributing to the industrialization of the republic.
The phenomenon which largely shaped the history of Uzbekistan in the years 1960-1980 is the intensive development of cotton monoculture. Under pressure from Moscow to produce more and more cotton, Uzbek leaders developed a system of falsifying statistics. The Uzbek leader at the time, Sharaf Rachidov and his entourage were involved in the imaginary cotton affair which provided them with substantial gains (at the time we spoke of a cotton Mafia or Uzbek Mafia). Despite the scale of this affair, Sharaf Rachidov is appreciated by the current Uzbek power as a leader who has invested a lot in the development of the republic and who has been able to obtain a certain autonomy from Moscow.
Since independence
Since 1990, the country has been ruled by an authoritarian president, Islom Karimov. Following the failure to sign a new agreement constituting a USSR renovated, of which he was a fervent defender, the , Uzbekistan declares its independence.
During the first years of independence, the Uzbek government consolidated itself under close presidential control. The new country strengthens its presence on the international scene, joins the UN and other major international organizations, opens direct air links with several countries, begins major urban and road reconstruction works, adopts investment incentives foreigners.
Under the presidency of Karimov, all the opposition parties (of which the most influential are Erk (Will) and Birlik (Unity)) are banned, the least dissident current - repressed. There are only parties with nuances that are hard to understand to Western observers, but which all support the president's action. The media and all aspects of social, political-economic and even cultural life are under close supervision and censorship by the state apparatus. In 1999 and 2004, the country suffered from waves of terrorist attacks attributed to radical Islamists. the , the Uzbek government is bloody suppressing a popular uprising in the city ofAndijan, it is the massacre of Andijan which makes hundreds of victims.
Weather
The climate is continental, dry and very contrasted, relatively cold in winter (down to -10 ° in some regions), very hot in summer (35 ° to 40 °, or even more).
Ecology
The Aral Sea, shared between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, has undergone a spectacular decrease since the 1960s, a situation which now represents a veritable ecological disaster for the region. Between 1960, when it covered 68,000km2, and 2000, its area was halved. The current evolution suggests the total disappearance of the Aral Sea by 2025. This is mainly due to the permanent abstraction of water to irrigate cotton crops.
Regions
The Republic is divided into 12 regions:
- Tashkent city (in Uzbek: Toshkent Shahri)
- Andijan (Andijon Viloyati) - capital city : Andijan
- Bukhara (Buxoro Viloyati) - capital city : Bukhara
- Ferghana (Farg‘ona Viloyati) - capital city : Ferghana. In the east of the country, towards Kyrgyzstan, the Fergana Valley (or Ferghana) is a fertile valley, which offers in particular magnificent mountainous landscapes.
- Djizak (Jizzakh Viloyati) - capital city : Jizzakh
- Namangan (Namangan Viloyati) - capital city : Namangan
- Navoi (Navoiy Viloyati) - capital city : Navoi
- Kachkadaria (Qashqadaryo Viloyati) - capital city : Qarshi
- Samarkand (Samarqand Viloyati) - capital city : Samarkand
- Syr-Daria (Sirdaryo Viloyati) - capital city : Goulistan
- Sourkhan-Daria (Surxondaryo Viloyati) - capital city : Termez
- Tashkent (Toshkent Viloyati) - capital city : Tashkent
- Khorezm (Xorazm Viloyati) - capital city : Urgench
- The Republic of Karakalpakistan(Qoraqalpog‘iston Respublikasi) - capital city : Noukous.
Cities
The most touristic cities are Samarkand, Khiva and Bukhara. They all have an important history and heritage (especially thanks to the Silk Road). Beyond this very touristy trio, the city of Moynaq for the absence of the Aral Sea, Shakhrisabz for mountain hikes and the Fergana Valley for hospitality and industry (the valley is however not recommended for safety reasons) are among the other areas of interest. To the west, between Noukous and Ourgench, there are several vestiges designated under the generic name of "Desert Citadels" (Toprak Kala, Ayaz Kala ...).
- 1 Tashkent – The capital, one can in particular visit the old city, with the complex Khazrat Imam, and several museums. The city was largely rebuilt in Soviet style after the 1966 earthquake.
- Andijan
- 2 Bukhara – The city has retained much of its original city center (rare for Uzbekistan). This city was a high place of Islam, so it has a large number of mosques and madrassas (Koranic schools). There is also Ark's Fortress and the Summer Palace. All journeys can be done on foot and it takes 2 to 3 days to visit everything. Watch out for the opening days of the Fortress of Ark which opens its museums randomly.
- Nourata – In the center of the country, Nourata is an important place of pilgrimage for Muslims, with its sacred source Tchachma. There are also the ruins of a fortress whose construction is attributed to the army of Alexander the Great.
- Boysun – A little further north, the Boysun region is listed by Unesco as a mixed property (cultural and natural) for its landscapes, archaeological sites and villages. kishlaks.
- Jizzakh
- Namangan
- Qarshi
- 3 Samarkand – Former capital, the city has the most impressive monuments of Uzbekistan. We will note the two essentials by their presence: the Registan Square and the Chah e Zindeh necropolis. Currently many "tourist" works are in progress and the city is losing more and more its character. All the sites to be visited are quite far from each other, the use of buses can be very economical (~ 300 soum).
- Urgut – On the outskirts of Samarkand, the city of Urgout is famous for its large bazaar and can allow a short walk in the mountains.
- 4 Khiva – The small town has the particularity of having preserved its surrounding wall as well as many old buildings. Despite a controversial restoration, the ancient city remains very interesting to visit. Most of the tourist sites are close by and the city tour can be quick (2 to 3 days).
- Shakhrisabz – It was in Shakhrisabz (or Chakhrisabz) that Tamerlan (national hero) was born. This small town has a few sites from this ancient empire, including the Dorut Tilavat complex. The town is convenient for organizing treks in the nearby mountains.
- Goulistan
- 5 Termez – To the south, around Termez, there are some Buddhist remains (in the localities of Fayaz-Tépé and Kara-Tépé), as well as the Kirk-Kiz fortress ("Forty daughters") and Muslim monuments such as the monumental religious and funeral complex of Sultan Saodat.
- Urgench
- 6 Noukous – The town of Nukus, where the Avant-garde Russian and Uzbek Art Museum is located, can be the perfect base for a day trip to Moynaq (using the bus).
- 7 Moynaq – Moynaq is a former fishing town on the edge of the aral sea, of which only the vestiges of its past greatness remain. The tour of the old port, with the rusty ships stranded in what is now a desert, is the only interest of the visit.
Other destinations
To go
Formalities
Visas
Visa applications must be made before departure. French nationals do not need an invitation but the passport must be valid for at least 6 months after the date of return.
- Uzbekistan
- Exemption from Visa
Customs
Entrance
Customs legislation requires a declaration of all currencies (traveller's check, valuables and goods). If the amount entered (money) is greater than 5 000 $, a 2% tax is levied on the total amount. The form must be completed in two copies, one for customs and the other to be kept in a safe place until leaving the country.
Exit
The traveler must fill out the declaration again on departure. If the amount declared on exit is less than the amount declared on entry, no proof is required. Otherwise, supporting documents must be provided (withdrawal tickets, etc.). The outflow of currency must be supported by documents received on entry.
For an expense equal to or greater than 2 000 $, one is required to present the certificates from the exchange offices. In case of no-show, a fine representing 30% of the amount held will be levied. WARNING! When leaving the territory and in some b & bs, you will be asked for OVIR tickets. These attest to your nights in hotels and b & bs authorized by the government. They are given to you when you pay for your hotel nights. If you spend the night on a train the train ticket is sufficient. Checks are made at the airport.
Precaution
Please note, the amount to be declared must be exact (frequent checks). Otherwise, travelers will be confiscated unreported amounts and face criminal prosecution.
Consular protection certificate
It is provided by the French Embassy in Tashkent (delivered by hand). The certificate dissuades (in Uzbek and Russian) an agent from asking you for a "baksheesh". But checks are very rare (maybe more in the Tashkent metro).
- Consular protection certificate – The document is available online.
By plane
There are several connections since Tashkent :
- Direct from Paris with Uzbekistan Airways
- via Moscow with Aeroflot
- via Istanbul with Turkish Airlines
- via Riga with Air Baltic
It is advisable to make reservations well in advance, as planes are usually crowded during summer periods.
- 1 Urgench Airport (IATA : UGC, ICAO: UTNU, Urgench Xalqaro Aeroporti) (1,5 km north of Urgench, in the province of Khorezm)
- 2 Andijan Airport (IATA : AZN, ICAO: UTKA, Andijon Xalqaro Aeroporti) (6 km in the southwest of Andijan, in the far east of Uzbekistan)
- 3 Ferghana Airport (IATA : FEG, ICAO: UTFF, Farg'ona Xalqaro Airporti) (3 km south-west of Ferghana, in the far east of Uzbekistan)
- 4 Namangan Airport (IATA : NMA, ICAO: UTKN, Namangan Airport) (10 km west of Namangan, in the far east of Uzbekistan)
- 5 Karchi Airport (IATA : KSQ, ICAO: UTSK, Qarshi Airport) (at the southwest exit of Karchi (Qarshi), in the province of Kachkadaria)
By train
It is possible to enter the country by train from the neighboring countries of the formerUSSR with in particular the lines: Tashkent - Moscow Tashkent - Saint Petersburg (which takes five days) Tashkent - Novosibirsk Tashkent - Volgograd
Inside Uzbekistan, there are many lines including the Tashkent - Samarkand line in 2h10 with the Afrosiyob high-speed train or the Sharq express train which offers: Tashkent - Bukhara Samarkand - Bukhara
It is possible to organize a trip entirely by train by Uzbekistan.
By bus
By car
Possession of an international driving license is compulsory, the presence of the customs clearance book is however optional for any vehicle.
It is recommended to take out local automobile insurance as soon as you cross the border, even if the risks covered by it remain symbolic despite the significant price. Let us recall that the "green card" of international insurance is not valid in Uzbekistan, this state having signed no agreement in this direction.
Due to permanent congestion and the importance of the formalities to be completed, allow a few hours of waiting when going through customs.
Be aware that it is impossible to cross the border between 22 h and 7 h except on the highway between Tadjen (Kazakhstan ...) and Karakalpakie (Uzbekistan ...) which nevertheless remains insured day and night.
Other crossing points may be temporarily prohibited due to major events in neighboring states, there are also restrictions applied to foreign nationals or vehicles depending on the customs posts used. Find out about the possibilities in order to avoid any unpleasant surprises once you get there.
Circulate
It is quite easy to travel between the big cities of Uzbekistan. Small towns are much less accessible, so booking taxis may be necessary. Otherwise you should know that the longest and most difficult journey is that of the desert between ~ Navoi / Ourgentch (fast and comfortable transport will therefore be preferable in summer).
By plane
This transport is present for all major cities. You must reserve your place, because the connections are overloaded for some destinations. Reservations are possible via the net but also on site in travel agencies.
By train
The train is the safest form of transport in the country. Installed during the Soviet period, the infrastructure is dilapidated but still functions well. Tickets are available at the train station or at travel agencies. There are two types of train:
- express: between Bukhara and Tashkent (via Navoi and Samarkand). It is the most recent and guarantees good efficiency. You can count on 5 trains per day, but it is better to book in advance.
- sleeper train: identical to the Russian trans-Siberian, the train is old and slow. Only the first class is air conditioned. For the lower classes (especially Class 4), it has the advantage of immersing travelers in the Uzbek universe because people have time to talk to you (lots of contact and very good atmosphere). Each car offers hot water and tea and there is a restaurant that offers meals. At each stop, vendors will offer you cold water, fruit ...
NB: avoid the Navoi-Noukous crossing in strong heat because the temperature rises very quickly during stops.
By bus
Available in major cities and on routes between some major cities. It is the cheapest (generally fixed price) and the safest means of road. Information on timetables and stops is not easy to obtain. The best is to ask an Uzbek (the hotel manager for example ...).
By taxi
Various categories exist depending on the type of trip planned:
- Collective taxis: available for all routes. They use 6-9 seater vehicles, which they fill up to 8-14 to leave. Prices are reasonable for common routes. Avoid entering an empty vehicle because you will have to wait for the filling to leave. The prices are reasonable if you negotiate.
- "Taxos": car of an individual who proposes to transport you. They are found everywhere and for any destination, the cost of the trip depends on the number of people and your negotiating skills.
- Taxi: it corresponds to a normal taxi but the price is negotiable. This is usually the more expensive and the safest option.
By car
Road signs meet international standards, directions are displayed on white-type signs on a blue background (sometimes the reverse, especially on the capital's bypass, etc.). One difficulty is the lack of indications for the orientation and the name of the street. Road markings are sometimes absent, even on expressways and the busiest avenues.
Blue and white signs bearing the words "YPX"indicate the probable presence of a roadside check within 500 meters.
Pay attention to the state of the roads more than limit (potholes or absence of tar ...). The driving of the locals is sometimes unconscious (slalom driving on the whole road, passing between the two lanes, passing in bends, driving at night without lights, unsecured loading ...).
The fuel supply is uncertain, especially outside the capital: provide a reserve in "jerry cans" depending on your destination. "Unleaded" fuel (octane 76, 92 or 93 ...) is offered in most service stations, diesel is however more difficult to find. The shortage of fuel therefore causes long queues before you can help yourself. It is also advisable to remain attentive to the quality of the oil if you think of obtaining it on the spot, the engines of recent design could risk serious damage if necessary. Garages are located across the country, spare parts are not always available locally depending on the make of the vehicle, but the mechanics turn out to be excellent handymen of genius.
Speed limits:
- Route: 100 km / h
- City : 50 km / h
Consumption of alcoholic beverages is strictly prohibited before getting behind the wheel.
It is not currently possible to rent a car without a driver.
To speak
- Uzbek : Understood by all
- Russian : Understood by most people
- Tajik : Included in the region of Samarkand and Bukhara
- English : Understood by some people
The official language is Uzbek, which belongs to the Turco-Altaic group. Most of the official inscriptions are in this language, recently transcribed in the Latin alphabet (but which remains in Cyrillic on the displays of certain remote localities). In the towns of Samarkand and Bukhara (but not around except a few isolated villages), the population is Persian-speaking (Tajik); in the north of the country (Karakalpakie) we speak another Turki dialect (karakalpak) very similar to Kazakh. There are also some minorities speaking the Kyrgyz in the northeast of the country. Uzbek is the language of the people of all the rest of the country. Suddenly, Russian, which imposed itself during the long Russian and then Soviet domination, still plays the role of vehicular language but it is becoming less known to young people, especially outside the big cities. TO Tashkent, there are people who still speak only Russian, and in Tajik towns and villages, Uzbek is still understood but little appreciated. The influx of tourists and globalization have obviously also given importance to theEnglish but the population to master this language remains very minority and concentrated in the big cities. The population of Bukhara has the reputation of being more polyglot than average, particularly in English but also, to a more marginal extent, in French or German. The presence of French cultural centers in Tashkent and Bukhara explains the presence of a Francophile minority (also inherited from the Francophilia of the Soviet era). Finally, the past presence of the German army in the Termez region, near the Afghan border, has enabled some Uzbeks to master their language.
Note that prices vary significantly depending on the language of the buyer. A traveler speaking or trying to learn Russian or Uzbek will be appreciated, which can help in some situations, especially when haggling.
To buy
In practice
Prefer dollars to euros, the Uzbeks do not always know the rate of the euro and exchanges are often unfavorable. Travelers checks are difficult to change and distributors are quite rare (issuance of soums only); it is also almost impossible to pay with a credit card, with very rare exceptions. Banknotes below 100 soum are no longer in circulation.
All purchases in "official" organizations (including stations, airports and museums) are made only in soum.
Exchange
Uzbekistan's currency is sum (sum, UZS).
It is better to have a few dollars on arrival, to be able to pay for the first transport. The Euro is now well accepted but the US dollar is preferred for exchange.The official exchange rate is low because it is heavily taxed, but it is possible in all banks. You can change your money on the black market but this activity is officially prohibited in the country and can lead to a fine or even an arrest and expulsion from the country depending on the amount you change (however very rare). The black market is practiced in particular at the entrance of bazaars for very attractive rates, better than legal exchange offices. (Around 2X the legal rate)
Official exchange (or black market): February 2013:
- 1 $(USD) = 2004.36 soum (UZS) (or 2700 soum)
- 1 € = 2705.04 soum (or 3300 soum).
Proof
For an expense equal to or greater than 2 000 $, one is required to present to customs officers the certificates issued by the exchange offices, confirming the legal sale of foreign currency.
Bargaining
It is possible to haggle in many cases, especially in bazaars and tourist shops. On the other hand, haggling is not practiced in places such as restaurants or museums. On the other hand, do not hesitate to haggle for the entrances to tourist places, especially in the off-season ... Student, old, handicapped rate ... everything goes without proof and with a smile.
Eat
Uzbek cuisine is both simple and varied. The national dish, made from rice and meat, is called plov in Russian, osh in Uzbek. Other frequent dishes: laghman (kinds of noodles), manty (kinds of ravioli). We also eat a lot of kebabs (shashlik), soup ...
Samarkand is very famous for its bread. Bread in Central Asia (nan, no) looks like pancakes decorated in their center with a design specific to each artisan. It is very frowned upon to put the bread "upside down". Except "at the restaurant", we buy these pancakes always in pairs and we transport them one against the other, below against below.
At the beginning of the meal, with washed hands, we say a quick prayer, joining our hands as if to water our face, then we break the bread in the central basket, starting by cutting it with both hands according to a diameter. It is inappropriate to leave the table during the meal. When leaving, we absolutely repeat the ritual of prayer, and we give thanks for the meal.If the table is low (which is the case traditionally), we must try to keep our feet as far as possible.
Before serving the first bowl of tea, fill a bowl and immediately empty it into the teapot, three times. The bowl is filled very little, even if it means serving often. A full bowl is supposed to be the last.
Consumption of alcohol is permitted. In particular, we find vodka and beer.Even if the country is Muslim, pork can be found even if it is rare and remains mainly marketed in very large cities for non-Muslim minorities (mainly Russians). ).
Have a drink / Go out
There are a few places where you can have a drink and dance. But this activity remains limited to Tashkent and Samarkand.
Housing
Bed and breakfasts are nicer and cheaper than hotels. Each hotel or B&B must provide you with a registration for the duration of your stay with them. All records can be checked when you leave the country. All prices are negotiable, between breakfast options, air conditioning, number of days, meals on site. Do not hesitate to play the competition.
To learn
To work
Communicate
Telephone
There are no public booths, but you can call into the country from internet cafes or from the hotel. In addition, cell phone coverage is good in all cities and European operators operate there (watch out for the bill). It is advisable to use SMS to limit the cost of communications.
Emergency numbers are fire brigade 01 and police 02.
- France to Uzbekistan: 00 998 code city number of the correspondent.
- Uzbekistan to France: 00 33 correspondent's number
Les indicatifs téléphoniques des grandes villes d’Ouzbékistan
| Tashkent | 71 |
| Andijan | 742 |
| Boukhara | 65 |
| Djizak | 72 |
| Karchi | 75 |
| Navoy | 36 |
| Namangan | 692 |
| Noukous | 61 |
| Samarkand | 662 |
| Termez | 7622 |
| Goulistan | 672 |
| Fergana | 732 |
| Ourguench | 62 |
Internet
Les cybercafés sont maintenant présents à peu près partout dans le pays et le wifi omniprésent dans les b&b.
Security
 | Emergency telephone number: Police :02 Ambulance:03 Firefighter :01 |
Général
Depuis 2004 (date des derniers attentats), la France conseille la plus grande prudence à nos concitoyens qui souhaitent visiter l’Ouzbékistan. Mais depuis fin 2005, aucun incident notable n'a été signalé. Comme le niveau d'alerte reste élevé, il est conseillé de se renseigner avant le départ sur l'état de sécurité du pays.
Vols et agressions
Les Ouzbeks sont très affables, accueillants, serviables et dépourvus de toute agressivité à l’égard des étrangers. Le niveau d’insécurité reste notablement moindre que dans les autres pays de l’ex-URSS. Cela étant, comme partout, la délinquance tend à augmenter, notamment dans les villes et les voyageurs et touristes étrangers suscitent inévitablement des convoitises. Les risques de vols ont augmenté ces dernières années. En cas de difficulté pour se débarrasser d’un importun, appeler le milicien de service dans les parages. Il est recommandé également de rester vigilants dans les lieux de distraction nocturne.
zones frontalières
Il est toujours déconseillé de se déplacer dans les zones montagneuses et frontalières de la Kirghizie et du Tadjikistan (danger de mines anti-personnel). Légalement, il est interdit de se déplacer dans ces zones sans guide officiel.
zones de restriction
Pour la région de la province du Sourkhandaria (limitrophe avec l’Afghanistan), elle est soumise à autorisation pour les touristes étrangers. Il est donc conseillé de demander aux autorités ouzbèkes (Ambassades d’Ouzbékistan à l’étranger ou Ministère des Affaires Étrangères à Tachkent) l’autorisation de s’y rendre ou de la traverser.
Risques sismiques
l’Ouzbékistan se trouve dans une zone de risque sismique élevé. Il est recommandé en cas de déclenchement d’un séisme de suivre les conseils suivants : [1]
Government travel advice
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Belgium (Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation) 
Canada (Government of Canada) 
France (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) 
Swiss (Federal Department of Foreign Affairs)
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Health
- L'eau
L’eau du robinet n’est pas potable. Il est fortement conseillé de ne boire que des eaux embouteillées.
Aucun vaccin n'est réclamé mais il est recommandé d'être à jour (DTCP, hépatites A et B, typhoïde). Le vaccin contre la rage est préférable pour les randonneurs et l'encéphalite à tiques si vous allez en forêt.
- Préparatifs
Il convient de consulter son médecin traitant (ou pharmacien) avant le départ et de se faire prescrire une " pharmacie de base " à emporter avec soi. Une assurance rapatriement sanitaire s’impose également.
- Établissements et médecins conseillés par l’ambassade
Le réseau médical et hospitalier (à l’exception de quelques établissements à Tachkent) ne correspond pas au niveau et normes occidentaux.
- Association SORIZ 80 Musakhanova Street, Tachkent,
998 71 133 75 09, 998 133 50 86, 998 90 185 43 21 (urgence), 998 90 108 88 10 (cellphone), fax : 998 71 132 14 87, e-mail : [email protected] – médecins ouzbeks anglophones et/ou francophones - Tachkent International Medical Clinic (TIMC) 38, Sarikulskaya Street, Tachkent, 998 71 191 22 46, 998 191 01 42, 998 191 07 26, 998 90 185 60 93 (Urgence), 998 185 84 81 (Urgence), 998 185 20 88 (cellphone), fax : 998 71 191.22.46, e-mail : [email protected] – médecins expatriés et ouzbeks
Respect
Ramadan date
Majority of Muslims insist on local sighting of the crescent moon to mark the start of Ramadan, but others insist on calculating the new moon or declaring it saudi to determine the start of the month. Since the first crescent after the new moon is not visible everywhere at the same time, the start and end dates of the month depend on what is visible in each location. Therefore, the dates vary from country to country, but usually only one day. |
Il est conseillé de suivre les mêmes règles qu'en pays musulman modéré.
Ne perdez jamais de vue que l'usage de la main gauche lors des repas est considéré comme impur, le pain est sacré ce qui veut dire qu'il ne faut jamais le poser à l'envers ni le jeter. Prenez le temps d'observer les règles en la matière et tout ira bien.
Quelques autres tuyaux :
- demandez l'autorisation à la personne que vous souhaitez photographier
- les prises de vue sont interdites dans le métro de Tashkent (sauf autorisation spéciale...)
- les pourboires sont donnés suivant la qualité de la prestation offerte
- ne pas donner de sucreries ou de cadeaux directement aux enfants
- ne pas manger et boire en public durant le ramadan
- ne pas s'énerver en public
